Abstract
Cell metabolism requires that substrates, intermediates, co-factors, messengers, and enzymes must be able to move from one part of the cytoplasm to another. In small cells, such as bacteria or even most animal cells, diffusion is sufficient for small solutes to move over distances comparable to the size of the cell in fractions of a second. However, plant cells, because of their cell walls, vacuoles, and turgor, are able to grow very large. They are commonly more than 100 μm long, while some are few millimeters or even centimeters long. Diffusion is relatively ineffective over such distances, as the time needed for a molecule to reach its destination by diffusion alone depends on the square of the distance involved. It is not surprising, therefore, that large plant cells display an extensive cytoplasmic streaming that stirs their cytoplasm and moves material including chloroplasts around.
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Wagner, G., Grolig, F. (1985). Molecular Mechanisms of Photoinduced Chloroplast Movements. In: Colombetti, G., Lenci, F., Song, PS. (eds) Sensory Perception and Transduction in Aneural Organisms. NATO ASI Series, vol 89. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2497-3_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2497-3_17
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