Summary
Five-year survival after resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer is 25%. Although resection palliates the disease in some patients who do not live that long, 50% of patients so treated are not helped at all. Until ignorance of a cancer’s real stage is resolved by improved techniques, the evaluation and choice of therapy can be based only upon knowledge of the natural history of untreated metastases and determinants of prognosis derived from treated patients. Analysis of the survival rates of 252 patients who had biopsy-proven, unresected hepatic metastases that were the only evidence of residual disease shows the extent to which natural history, rather than resection, may determine length of survival. It also indicates the need for critical analysis of two- and three-year survival rates reported after any therapy. Study of 141 patients who had hepatic metastases resected shows that the stage of the primary lesion, being female, and the absence of extrahepatic metastases are significant determinants of favorable prognosis after resection of hepatic metastases.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Thomas L: The youngest science. New York, The Viking Press, 1983, pp 270.
Moses ben Maimon: Code for Physicians, 1135–1204 A.D.
Wagner JS, Adson MA, van Heerden JA, Adson MH, Ilstrup DM: The natural history of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Ann Surg 199: 502–508, 1984.
Abrams MS, Lerner HJ: Survival of patients at Pennsylvania Hospital with hepatic metastases from carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 14: 431–434, 1971.
Bacon HE, Martin PV: The rationale of palliative resection for primary cancer of the colon complicated by liver and lung metastases. Dis Colon Rectum 7: 211–217, 1964.
Bengmark S, Hafstrom L: The natural history of primary and secondary malignant tumors of the liver. I. The prognosis for patients with hepatic metastases from colonic and rectal carcinoma by laparotomy. Cancer 23: 198–202, 1969.
Bengtsson G, Carlsson G, Hafstrom L, Per-Ebbe J: Natural history of patients with untreated liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Am J Surg 141: 586–589, 1981.
Cady B, Moncon DO, Swinton NW: Survival of patients after colonic resection from carcinoma with simultaneous liver metastases. Surg Gynecol Obstet 131: 697–700, 1970.
Flanagan J. Jr., Foster JH: Hepatic resection for metastatic cancer. Am J Surg 113: 551–557, 1967.
Galante M, Dunphy JE, Fletcher WS: Cancer of the colon. Ann Surg 165: 732–744, 1967.
Jaffe BM, Donegan WL, Watson F: Factors influencing survival in patients with untreated hepatic metastases. Surg Gynecol Obstet 127: 1–11, 1968.
Lahey FH: Discussion. Ann Surg 121: 409–410, 1945.
Moolin J, Walker HSJ: Palliative resections in cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 2: 767–776, 1949.
Nielsen J, Balslev I, Jensen HE: Carcinoma of the colon with liver metastases. Acta Chir Scand 137: 463–465, 1971.
Oxley EM, Ellis H: Prognosis of carcinoma of the large bowel in the presence of liver metastases. Br J Surg 56: 149–152, 1969.
Pestana C, Reitemeier R, Moertel CG, Judd ES, Dockerty MB: The natural history of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Am J Surg 108: 826–829, 1964.
Pettavel J, Morgenthaler F: Protracted arterial chemotherapy of liver tumors: An experience of 107 cases over a 12-year period. Prog Clin Cancer 7: 217–233, 1978.
Ransom HK: Carcinoma of the colon: A study of end results of surgical treatment. Arch Surg 64: 707–725, 1952.
Stearns MW Jr, Brinkley GJ: Palliative surgery for cancer of the rectum and colon. Cancer 7: 1016–1019, 1954.
Swinton NW, Samaan S, Rosenthal D: Cancer of the rectum and sigmoid. Surg Clin North Amer 47: 657–662, 1967.
Wanebo H3, Semoglou C, Attiyeh F: Surgical management of patients with primary operable colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases. Am J Surg 135: 81–84, 1978.
Wilson SM, Adson MA: Surgical treatment of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancers. Arch Surg 111: 330–334, 1976.
Wood CB, Gillis CR, Blumgart LH: A retrospective study of the natural history of patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Clin Oncol 2: 285–288, 1976.
Foster JH, Berman MM: Solid liver tumors. In: PA Ebert (ed). Major problems in clinical surgery. Vol. 22. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1977, pp 1–342.
Pickren JW, Tsukada Y, Lane WW: Liver metastasis: Analysis of autopsy data. In: L Weiss and HA Gilber (eds), Liver metastases. Boston, GK Hall, 1982, pp 2–18.
Willis J: Secondary tumours of the liver. In: RA Willis (ed). The spread of tumors in the human body. London, Butterworth Sn Co, 1973, pp 175–183.
Adson MA, van Heerden JA, Adson MH, Wagner JS, Ilstrup DM: Resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Arch Surg 119: 647–651, 1984.
Lahr CJ, Seng-Jaw S, Cloud G, Smith J, Urist MM, Balch CM: A multifactorial analysis of prognostic factors in patiesnts with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 1: 720–726, 1983.
Goslin R, Steele G Jr, Zamcheck N, Mayer R, Macintyre J: Factors influencing survival in patients with hepatic metastases from adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum. Dis Col Rectum 25: 749–754, 1982.
Moertel, CG: The liver. In: JF Holland and E Frei III (eds), Cancer medicine. Philadelphia, Lea and Febiger, 1973, pp 1541–1547.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Adson, M.A. (1986). Natural History of Liver Metastasis and Resective Treatment. In: Mastromarino, A.J. (eds) Biology and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Developments in Oncology, vol 42. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2301-3_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2301-3_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9417-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2301-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive