Abstract
Synchronization is usually performed to establish either epoch or phase. Epoch synchronization refers to those techniques that seek to establish agreement on the epoch or occurrence of a particular instant of time. Phase synchronization comprises those processes that endeavor to determine the phase of a cyclic (steady-state deterministic) digital process. We consider a variety of epoch and phase synchronization methods, starting with epoch synchronization followed by the phase synchronization types.
Much of this material is taken from Hershey (1982).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barker, R. (1953), Group Synchronizing of Binary Digital Systems, in Communication Theory, Willis Jackson (Ed.), Academic Press, New York, Chap. 19, pp. 273–287.
Braun, W. (1982), Performance Analysis for the Expanding Search PN Acquisition Algorithm, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-30, No. 3, pp. 424–435, March.
Dixon, R. (1976), Spread Spectrum Systems, Wiley, New York.
Gabard, O. (1968), Design of a Satellite Time-Division Multiple-Access Burst Synchronizer, IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, Vol. COM-16, No. 4, August.
Hershey, J. (1979), Comma-Free Synchronization of Binary Counters, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. IT-25, No. 6, pp. 724–725, November.
Hershey, J. and W. Lawrence (1981), Counter Synchronization Using the Thue-Morse Sequence and PSK, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-29, No. 1, pp. 79–80, January.
Hershey, J. (1982), Proposed Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Voice Techniques for the Amateur Radio Service, NTIA Report 82–111.
Ipatov, V., Yu. Kolomenskiy, and P. Sharanov (1975), On Modified Rapid Search Sequences, Radio Engineering and Electronic Physics, Vol. 20, pp. 135–136, September.
Klyuyev, L. and N. Silkov (1976), Periodic Sequences Synthesized from Barker Sequences, Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 128–129.
Kreyszig, E. (1967), Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley, New York.
Lindner, J. (1975a), Binary Sequences up to Length 40 with Best Possible Autocorrelation Function, Part 1: Complete Tables, Institute für elektrische Nachrichten-technik der rheinisch-westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, Internal Report, September.
Lindner, J. (1975b), Binary Sequences up to Length 40 with Best Possible Autocorrelation Function, Electronics Letters, Vol. 11, No. 21, p. 50, October.
Maury, J. and F. Styles (1964), Development of Optimum Frame Synchronization Codes for Goddard Space Flight Center PCM Telemetry Standards, Proceedings of the 1964 National Telemetering Conference, Los Angeles, CA, June 2–4, 1964.
Nuspl, P., K. Brown, W. Steenaart, and B. Ghicopoulos (1977), Synchronization Methods for TDMA, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 65, No. 3, March.
Petit, R. (1967), Pulse Sequences with Good Autocorrelation Properties, Microwave Journal, pp. 63–67, February.
Posner, E. and H. Rumsey, Jr. (1966), Continuous Sequential Decision in the Presence of a Finite Number of Hypotheses, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. IT-12, No. 2, pp. 248–255, April.
Sarwate, D. (1984), An Upper Bound on the Aperiodic Autocorrelation Function for a Maximal-Length Sequence, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 30, pp. 685–687.
Schrempp, W. and T. Sekimoto (1968), Unique Word Detection in Digital Burst Communications, IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, Vol. COM-16, No. 4, August.
Sekimoto, T. and J. Puente (1968), A Satellite Time-Division Multiple-Access Experiment, IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, Vol. COM-16, No. 4, August.
Stiffler, J. (1968), Rapid Acquisition Sequences, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. IT-14, No. 2, March.
Stiffler, J. (1971), Theory of Synchronous Communications, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Tits worth, R. (1964), Optimal Ranging Codes, IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry, Vol. SET-10, pp. 19–30, March.
Turyn, R. (1968), Sequences with Small Correlation, in Error Correcting Codes, H. Mann (Ed.), Wiley, New York, pp. 195–228.
Yarlagadda, R. and J. Hershey (1982), Benchmark Synchronization of m-Sequences, Electronics Letters, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 68–69, January.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hershey, J.E., Rao Yarlagadda, R.K. (1986). Synchronization. In: Data Transportation and Protection. Applications of Communications Theory. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2195-8_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2195-8_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9290-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2195-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive