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Autoimmunity in Diabetes

  • Chapter
Virus Infections and Diabetes Mellitus

Part of the book series: Developments in Medical Virology ((DIMV,volume 2))

Abstract

Before the turn of the century, insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was shown to develop in pancreatectomized dogs (1), thus linking the pathogenesis of the syndrome to the pancreas. Later, insulin was extracted from the pancreas and proved to ameliorate most of the diabetic symptoms(2). However, it became clear that insulin was not a cure. In 1965, Gepts reported (3), that the major morphologic alteration in the pancreas at the onset of IDDM was disruption of the architecture of the islets of Langerhans and a loss of cells. The number of B cells was reduced to less than 10% of normal values and in 68% of the pancreata examined, the islets were infiltrated by mononuclear cells. Islet inflammation, insulitis, is therefore thought to be of pathogenetic importance (3–6). Infiltration of the islets of Langerhans has also been associated with experimental diabetes introduced by immunization with insulin (7–8), by multiple injections of low dose streptozotocin (9) or following infection with diabetogenic viruses (10,11).

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  1. Hagedorn Research Laboratory, Niels Steensensvej 6, DK-2820, Gentofte, Denmark

    H. Markholst & Å Lernmark

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  1. H. Markholst
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  1. Department of Molecular Virology Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, 91010, Jerusalem, Israel

    Yechiel Becker

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Markholst, H., Lernmark, Å. (1987). Autoimmunity in Diabetes. In: Becker, Y. (eds) Virus Infections and Diabetes Mellitus. Developments in Medical Virology, vol 2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2085-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2085-2_6

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