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Endogenous Avian Leukemia Viruses

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Book cover Avian Leukosis

Part of the book series: Developments in Veterinary Virology ((DVVI,volume 4))

Abstract

Endogenous retroviruses have been recovered from reptiles, birds and mammals. Virtually all eucaryotic cells harbor DNA sequences that encode structural genes related to species-specific, RNA tumor viruses. Retroviral DNA sequences (proviruses) related to congenitally transmitted avian leukemia viruses (ALVs) occur in the Red jungle fowl, the progenitor of the domestic chicken (1). In this monograph the abbreviation ALV is used for both endogenous and exogenous avian leukemia viruses. During the evolution of Gallus gallus var. domesticus, endogenous viral (ev) sequences were presumably acquired through infection of the germ line with a progenitor to contemporary ALVs. Endogenous proviruses have persisted as single-copy genes in virtually all domestic chickens. Individual White Leghorns have been reported to carry as many as 10 ev genes (2), Currently, more than 20 ev genes, identified as distinct restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), have been phenotypically associated with various levels of ALV gene expression in inbred and commercial lines of chickens.

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  1. U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Regional Poultry Research Laboratory, 3606 East Mount Hope Road, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823, USA

    E. J. Smith

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  1. Central Veterinary Institute, Lelystad, The Netherlands

    G. F. De Boer

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Smith, E.J. (1986). Endogenous Avian Leukemia Viruses. In: De Boer, G.F. (eds) Avian Leukosis. Developments in Veterinary Virology, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2059-3_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2059-3_5

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