Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

New Frontiers in the Study of Gene Functions pp 33–50Cite as

Negative Control of DNA Replication Revealed in Composite Simian Virus 40-Bovine Papillomavirus Plasmids

  • Chapter

  • 30 Accesses

Part of the book series: New Horizons in Therapeutics ((NHTH))

Overview

We have begun an analysis of DNA sequences that function in the control of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) replicates as an extrachromosomal nuclear plasmid, duplicating each viral genome in synchrony with the host-cell DNA once and only once per cell division. Simian virus 40 (SV40) replication, however, is unresponsive to cellular controls, so the viral DNA replicates exponentially within the host-cell nucleus. To approach our study of the mechanisms of replication control, we designed a model system consisting of SV40 and BPV DNA sequences linked to create a hybrid replicon. We have obtained evidence that a main feature of copy-number regulation in the composite SV40-BPV plasmid is the imposition of dominant negative control encoded by BPV, which overrides the runaway replication induced by the positive factor, SV40 large tumor (large-T) antigen. Using a transient replication assay, we have previously been able to define the elements in the BPV genome that are sufficient to establish controlled replication in composite SV40-BPV plasmids (Roberts and Weintraub, 1986). These elements consist of two cis-acting sequences that are closely linked to BPV replication origins and a third element that acts in trans. The latter is encoded within the 5′ part of the E1 open reading frame (ORF) of the BPV genome and is physically and functionally separable from the positive replication factor encoded within the 3′ part of the same ORF. The controlled replication of SV40-BPV composite plasmids has enabled us to create permanent COS cell lines that stably maintain these plasmids as episomes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Alt, F. W., Kellems, R. E., Bertino, J. R., and Schimke, R. T., 1978, Selective multiplication of dihydrofolate reductase genes in methotrexate resistant variants of cultured murine cells, J. Biol. Chem. 252:1357–1370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ariga, H., and Sugano, S., 1983, Initiation of simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro, J. Virol. 48:481–491.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berg, L., Singh, K., and Botchan, M., 1986, Complementation of a BPV low copy number mutant: Evidence for a temporal requirement of the complementing gene, Mol. Cell. Biol. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumenthal, A. B., Kriegstein, H. J., and Hogness, D. S., 1973, The units of DNA replication in Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes, Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 38:205–223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Botchan, M., Topp, W., and Sambrook, J., 1978, Studies on simian virus 40 excision from cellular chromosomes, Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 43:708–720.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, D. D., and Dawid, I. B., 1986, Specific gene amplification in oocytes, Science 160:272–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, E.Y., Howley, P.M., Levinson, A. D., and Seeburg, P., 1982, The primary structure and genetic organization of the bovine papilloma-virus type I genome, Nature (London) 299:529–534.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colbere-Garapin, F., Horodniceanu, F., Kourilsky, P., and Garapin, A. C., 1981, A new dominant hybrid selective marker for higher eukaryotic cells, J. Mol. Biol. 150:1–14.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DeLucia, A. L., Deb, S., Partin, K., and Tegtmeyer, P., 1986, Functional interactions of the simian virus 40 core origin of replication with flanking regulatory sequences, J. Virol. 57:138–144.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DiMaio, D., Treisman, R., and Maniatis, T., 1982, Bovine papilloma virus vector that propagates as a plasmid in both mouse and bacterial cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:4030–4034.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DuBridge, R. B., Lusky, M., Botchan, M. R., and Calos, M. P., 1985, Amplification of a bovine papillomavirus-simian virus 40 chimera, J. Virol. 56:625–627.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glover, D. M., Zaha, A., Stocker, A. J., Santelli, R. V., Pueyo, M. T., deToledo, S. M., and Lara, F. J. S., 1982, Gene amplification in Rhynchosciara salivary gland chromosomes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:2947–2951.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gluzman, Y., 1981, SV40-transformed simian cells support the replication of early SV40 mutants, Cell 23:175–182.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hand, R., 1978, Eukaryotic DNA: Organization of the genome for replication, Cell 15:317–325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harland, R. M., and Laskey, R. A., 1980, Regulation replication of DNA microinjected into eggs of Xenopus laevis, Cell 21:761–771.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heilman, C. A., Engel, L., Lowy, D. R., and Howley, P. M., 1982, Virus specific transcription in bovine papillomavirus transformed mouse cells, Virology 119:22–34.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jimenez, A., and Davies, Y., 1980, Expression of a transposable antibiotic resistance element in Saccharomyces, Nature (London) 287:869–871.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keshet, I., Lieman-Hurwitz, J., and Cedar, H., 1986, DNA methylation affects the formation of active chromatin, Cell 44:535–543.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klar, A. J. S., Strathern, J. N., and Hicks, J. B., 1985, Developmental pathways in yeast, in: Microbial Development (R. Losick and L. Shapiro, eds.), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, pp. 151–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lavi, S., 1981, Carcinogen mediated amplification of viral DNA sequences in SV40 transformed Chinese hamster embryo cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:6144–6148.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lancaster, W. D., 1981, Apparent lack of integration of bovine papilloma virus DNA in virus-induced equine and bovine tumor cells and virus transformed mouse cells, Virology 108:251–255.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Law, M.-F., Lowy, D. R., Dvoretzky, J., and Howley, P. M., 1981, Mouse cells transformed by bovine papillomavirus contain only extra-chromosomal viral DNA sequences, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:2727–2731.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J. J., and Kelly, T. J., 1984, Simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:6973–6977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lowy, D. R., Dvoretzky, I., Shober, R., Law, M.-F., Engel, L., and Howley, P. M., 1980, In vitro tumorigenic transformation by a defined sub-genomic fragment of bovine papilloma virus DNA, Nature (London) 287:72–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lusky, M., and Botchan, M., 1981, Inhibition of SV40 replication in simian cells by specific pBR322 DNA sequences, Nature (London) 293:79–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lusky, M., and Botchan, M., 1984, Characterization of the bovine papillomavirus plasmid maintenance sequences, Cell 36:391–401.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lusky, M., and Botchan, M., 1985, Genetic analysis of bovine papillomavirus type 1 trans-acting replication factors, J. Virol. 53:955–965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lusky, M., and Botchan, M., 1986, Transient replication of BPV-1 plasmids: Cis and trans requirements, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lusky, M., Berg, L., Weiher, H., and Botchan, M., 1983, Bovine papilloma virus contains an activator of gene expression at the distal end of the early transcription unit, Mol. Cell. Biol. 3:1108–1122.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meyers, R., and Tjian, R., 1980, Construction and analysis of simian virus 40 origins defective in tumor antigen binding and DNA replication, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77:6491–6495.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, A. M., and Nasmyth, K. A., 1984, Role of DNA replication in the repression of silent mating type loci in yeast, Nature (London) 312:247–251.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muriani, B., and Schimke, R., 1984, Gene amplification in a simple cell cycle in Chinese hamster ovary cells, J. Biol. Chem. 258:1901–1910.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nasmyth, K. A., 1982, Molecular genetics of yeast mating type, Annu. Rev. Genet. 16:439–500.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard, R., and Lark, K., 1984, Induction of replication by thymine starvation at the chromosome origin in E. coli, J. Mol. Biol. 9:288–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rao, P. N., and Johnson, R. T., 1970, Mammalian cell fusion: Studies on the regulation of DNA synthesis and mitosis, Nature (London) 225:159–164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, J., and Axel, R., 1982, Gene amplification and gene correction in somatic cells, Cell 29:109–119.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, J., and Weintraub, H., 1986, Negative control of DNA replication in composite SV40-bovine papilloma virus plasmids, Cell (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, J., Buck, L., and Axel, R., 1983, A structure for amplified DNA, Cell 33:53–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roman, A., and Dulbecco, R., 1975, Fate of polyoma form I DNA during replication, J. Virol. 16:70–74.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarver, N., Byrne, J. C., and Howley, P. M., 1982, Transformation and replication in mouse cells of a bovine papillomavirus-pML2 plasmid vector that can be rescued in bacteria, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:7147–7151.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarver, N., Rabson, M. S., Yang, Y.-C., Byrne, J. C., and Howley, P. M., 1984, Localization and analysis of bovine papillomavirus type 1 transforming functions, J. Virol. 52:377–388.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Southern, P. J., and Berg, P., 1982, Transformation of mammalian cells to antibiotic resistance with a bacterial gene under control of the SV40 early region promoter, J. Mol. Appl. Genet. 1:327–341.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spalholz, B. A., Yang, Y. C, and Howley, P. M., 1985, Transactivation of a bovine papillomavirus transcriptional regulatory element by the E2 gene product, Cell 42:183–191.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spradling, A., 1981, The origin and amplification of two chromosomal domains containing Drosophila chorion genes, Cell 27:193–201.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stenlund, A., Zabielski, J., Ahola, H., Moreno-Lopez, J., and Petterson, U., 1985, The messenger RNAs from the transforming region of bovine papillomavirus type 1, J. Mol. Biol. 182:541–554.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tegtmeyer, P., 1972, Simian virus 40 deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis: The viral replicon, J. Virol. 10:591–598.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tjian, R., 1978, The binding site on SV40 DNA for a T antigen-related protein, Cell 13:165–180.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tlsty, T., Brown, P., and Schimke, R., 1984, UV radiation facilitates methotrexate resistance and amplification of the dihydrofolate reductase gene in cultured 3T6 mouse cells, Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:1050–1056.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsui, L.-C., Breitman, M. L., Siminovitch, L., and Buchwald, M., 1982, Persistence of freely replicating SV40 recombinant molecules carrying a selectable marker in permissive simian cells, Cell 30:499–508.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Varshavsky, A., 1981, On the possibility of metabolic control of replicon “mis-firing”: Relationship to emergence of malignant phenotypes in mammalian cell lineages, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:3673–3677.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waldeck, W., Rosel, F., and Dengraf, H., 1984, Origin of replication in episomal bovine papilloma virus type I DNA isolated from transformed cell, EMBO J. 31:2173–2178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodcock, D., and Cooper, I., 1981, Evidence for double replication of chromosomal DNA segments as a general consequence of DNA replication inhibition, Cancer Res. 41:2483–2490.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, 98104, USA

    James M. Roberts & Harold Weintraub

Authors
  1. James M. Roberts
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Harold Weintraub
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Smith Kline & French Laboratories, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    George Poste  & Stanley T. Crooke  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Roberts, J.M., Weintraub, H. (1987). Negative Control of DNA Replication Revealed in Composite Simian Virus 40-Bovine Papillomavirus Plasmids. In: Poste, G., Crooke, S.T. (eds) New Frontiers in the Study of Gene Functions. New Horizons in Therapeutics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1845-3_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1845-3_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9030-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-1845-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation