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Structure, Process, and Mechanism: Case Studies in the Psychopharmacology of Feeding

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Handbook of Psychopharmacology

Abstract

In the area of physiological psychology, the study of mechanisms controlling food intake has always occupied a central position. Indeed, one of the first elaborate accounts of a central theory of drive used feeding as the primary example of a motivated behavior (Morgan, 1943). With the change in emphasis in theorizing from a neuroanatomical mode of the 1950s to a largely neurochemical mode of the 1970s, an increasing penetration of physiological psychology by pharmacological techniques and ideas has occurred. In turn, this has led to a large number of studies on the effect of drugs on food intake. A casual inspection of the literature indicates that over the years hundreds of chemical agents have been shown to adjust food consumption in experimental animals. The most frequent form of adjustment is a suppression of intake. This seductive array of data suggests that the “behavioral pharmacology of feeding” is a research area in a healthy state of development. However, this proliferation of numbers may be misleading for, as in other areas of psychopharmacology, it is relatively easy to obtain statistically significant effects by drug administration, and consequently, it is easy to demonstrate some relationship between a drug and food consumption. It is worth noting that not all such events elucidate the action of a drug or the operation of systems controlling feeding. How is it possible to make sense of the numbers? Indeed, the problematic issue in this field is to provide appropriate interpretations for the ever-increasing number of grams of food eaten or left unconsumed by animals after drug treatment (Blundell, 1981a). The argument presented in this chapter will be that it is possible to develop a cohesive theoretical framework to improve understanding of the pharmacological manipulations of feeding.

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  1. BioPsychology Laboratories, Psychology Department, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    John E. Blundell

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    Leslie L. Iversen  & Susan D. Iversen  & 

  2. Departments of Neuroscience, Pharmacology, and Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA

    Solomon H. Snyder

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Blundell, J.E. (1987). Structure, Process, and Mechanism: Case Studies in the Psychopharmacology of Feeding. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D., Snyder, S.H. (eds) Handbook of Psychopharmacology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1819-4_3

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