Abstract
The surface characterization of biomedical materials prior to the early 1960’s consisted primarily of relatively qualitative observations as to whether surfaces were hydrophobic or hydrophilic (1). Contact angle techniques were well-known and were widely applied in industry, and general correlations had evolved between blood interactions in glass as opposed to siliconized glass tubes. Vroman was just beginning his studies on protein interactions with surfaces (2). There was considerable interest during this time period on the interaction of cells in culture with solid substrates, and there was some attempt to correlate and quantitate that interaction through contact angle measurements (3).
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Andrade, J.D. (1986). Contact Angle Analysis of Biomedical Polymers: From Air to Water to Electrolytes. In: Chiellini, E., Giusti, P., Migliaresi, C., Nicolais, L. (eds) Polymers in Medicine II. Polymer Science and Technology, vol 34. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1809-5_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1809-5_3
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