Abstract
Melanoma is undoubtedly the most extensively studied human malignancy from the standpoint of both immunobiological analysis of the tumor and immunotherapeutic approaches to the disease [1–4]. The reasons for this degree of immunological interest in melanoma include (1) the frequency of spontaneous regressions, which are felt to involve host immune mechanisms [5]; (2) the prognostic significance of lymphoid infiltration of lesions [6]; (3) the demonstration of both antibody and cell-mediated antimelanoma responses in untreated melanoma patients [7]; and (4) the plethora of melanoma-associated antigens that have been documented [8, 9].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Morton DL, Eilber FR, Malmgren RA, et al: Immunological factors which influence response to immunotherapy in malignant melanoma. Surgery 68:158–164, 1970.
Mastrangelo MJ, Bellet RE, Berd D: Immunology and immunotherapy of human cutaneous malignant melanoma. In: Human malignant melanoma, Clark WH, Goldman LI, Mastrangelo MJ (eds). New York: Grune & Stratton, 1979.
Terry MD: Immunotherapy of malignant melanoma. N Engl J Med 30:1174–1175, 1980.
MacKie RM: Immunology of malignant melanoma. In: Clinics in oncology, MacKie RM (ed). London: W.B. Saunders, 1984, pp. 509–516.
Bodurtha AJ: Spontaneous regression of malignant melanoma. In: Human malignant melanoma, Clark WH, Goldman LI, Mastrangelo MJ (eds). New York: Grune & Stratton, 1979.
Day CL Jr, Lew RA, Mihm C, et al: A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for melanoma patients with lesions > = 3.65 mm in thickness. Ann Surg 195:44–49, 1982.
Mavligit G, Gutterman JU, McBride C, et al: Tumor directed immune reactivity and immunotherapy in malignant melanoma. Current Status Prog Exp Tumor Res 19:222–252, 1974.
Reisfeld RA, Cheresh DA: Human tumor antigens. Adv in Immunol 40:323–375, 1987.
Stuhmiller GM, Scigier HF: Tumor-associated antigens of human melanoma. In: Tumor markers and tumor-associated antigens, Ghosh BC, Ghosh L (eds). New York: McGraw Hill, 1987, pp. 134–149.
Prehn RT, Main JM: Immunity to methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 18:769–778, 1957.
Oldham RK, Smalley RV: Immunotherapy: The old and the new. J Biol Resp Mod 2:1–37, 1983.
Orefice S, Cascinelli N, Valini M, et al: Intravenous administration of BCG in advanced melanoma patients. Tumori 64:437–443, 1978.
Rosenberg SA, Rapp H, Terry W, et al: Intralesional BCG therapy of patients with primary Stage I melanoma. In: Immunotherapy of human cancer, Terry WD, Rosenberg SA (eds). New York: Elsevier, N. Holland, 1982, pp. 289–291.
Balch CM, Urist MM, Maddox WA, Milton GW, McCarthy WH: Management of regional metastatic melanoma. In: Cutaneous melanoma. Clinical management and treatment results worldwide, Balch CM, Milton GW (eds). J.B. New York: Lippincott, 1985, pp. 93–130.
Arlen M, Houingshead A, Scherrer J: Tumor-specific immunity in patients with malignant melanoma. Surg Forum 28:168–169, 1977.
Prager MD: Specific cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 3:157–161, 1978.
Kobayashi H: Modification of tumor antigenicity in therapeutics: Increase in immunologic foreignness of tumor cells in experimental model systems. In: Immunological approaches to cancer therapeutics, Minich E. (ed). New York: John Wiley, 1982, pp. 406–440.
Laucius JF, Bodurtha AJ, Mastrangelo MJ, et al: A phase II study of autologous irradiated tumor cells plus BCG in patients with metastatic melanoma. Cancer 40:2091–2093, 1977.
Austin FC, Boone WB: Virus augmentation of the antigenicity of tumor cell extracts. Adv Cancer Res 30:301–345, 1979.
Mitchison NA: Immunologic approach to cancer. Transplant Proc 2:92, 1970.
Zinkernagel RM, Althage A: Antiviral protection by virus-immune cytotoxic T cells: Infected target cells are lysed before infection virus progeny is assembled. J Exp Med 145:644–650, 1977.
Lindenmann J, Klein PA: Viral oncolysis: Increased immunogenicity of host cell antigen associated with influenza virus. J Exp Med 126:93–108, 1967.
Murray DR, Cassei WA, Torbin AH, et al: Viral oncolysate in the management of malignant melanoma. Cancer 40:680–686, 1977.
Cassei WA, Murray DR, Phillips HS: A phase II study on the postsurgical management of Stage II malignant melanoma with a Newcastle disease virus oncolysate. Cancer 52:856, 1983.
Livingston PO, Albino AP, Chung TJ, Real FX, Houghton AN, Oettgen HF, Old LJ: Serological responses of melanoma patients to vaccines prepared from VSV lysates of autologous and allogeneic cultured melanoma cells. Cancer 55:713–720, 1985.
Sinkovics JG, Papadopoulos NE, Plager G: Viral oncolysate in immunotherapy of human tumors. In: Advances in comparative leukemia research on leukemia and related diseases. New York: Elsevier, North Holland Inc., 1981, p. 613.
Wallack MK, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H, et al: A new approach in specific active immunotherapy. Cancer 39:560–564, 1977.
Wallack MK, Meyer M, Burgoin A, et al: A preliminary trial of vaccinia oncolysates in the treatment of recurrent melanoma with serologic responses to the treatment. J Biol Resp Modifiers 2:586–596, 1983.
Wallack MK, Michaelides MC: Serologic response to human melanoma line from patients with melanoma undergoing treatment with vaccinia melanoma oncolysates. Surgery 96: 791–799, 1984.
Wallack MK, McNally KR, Leftheriotis E, et al: A Southeastern Cancer Study Group Phase I/II trial with vaccinia melanoma oncolysates. Cancer 57:649–655, 1986.
Wallack MK, Bash JA, Leftheriotis E: Positive relationship of clinical and serologic responses to vaccinia melanoma oncolysate. Arch Surg 122:1460–1463, 1987.
Hersey P, Edwards A, Coates A, Shaw H, McCarthy W, Milton G: Evidence that treatment with vaccinia melanoma cell lysates (VMCL) may improve survival of patients with Stage II melanoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 25:257–265, 1987.
Hersey P, Edwards S, D’Alessandro G, et al: Phase II study of vaccinia melanoma cell lysates (VMCL) as adjuvant to surgical treatment of Stage II melanoma. II. Effects on cell mediated cytotoxicity and leukocyte dependent antibody activity: Immunological effects of VMCL in melanoma patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 22:221–231, 1986.
Hersey P: Induction of antitumor immunity by vaccinia virus tumor cell lysates (in press).
Koprowski H, Love R, Koprowska I: Enhancement of susceptibility to viruses in neoplastic tissues. Texas Rep Biol Med 15:559, 1957.
Chang A, Metz DH: Further investigations on the mode of entry of vaccinia virus into cells. J Gen Virol 32:275, 1976.
Wu KS, Ueda S, Skaue Y, et al: Prevention of syngeneic tumor growth in vaccinia virus-modified tumor cells. Biken J 24:153–158, 1981.
Shimizu Y, Fujiwara H, Ueda S, et al: The augmentation of tumor-specific immunity by virus help. II. Enhanced induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and antibody to tumor antigens by vaccinia-reactive helper T cells. Eur J Immunol 14:839–843, 1984.
Fujiwara HY, Shimizu Y, Takai N, et al: The augmentation of tumor-specific immunity by virus help. I. Demonstration of vaccinia virus-reactive helper T cell activity involved in enhanced induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte and antibody responses. Eur J Immunol 14:171, 1984.
Hearing VJ, Gersten DM, Montague PM, et al: Murine melanoma-specific tumor rejection activity elicited by a purified melanoma-associated antigen. J Immunol 137:379–384, 1986.
Burdick KH, Hawk W: Vitiligo in a case of vaccinia virus-treated melanoma. Cancer 17:708–712, 1964.
Hunter-Craig I, Westbury G: Use of vaccinia virus in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma. Br Med Journal 2:512–515, 1970.
Roenigk HH, Deodhar S, Jacques R. St, Burdick K: Immunotherapy of malignant melanoma with vaccina virus. Arch Dermatol 109:668–673, 1974.
Everall JD, O’Doherty CJ, Ward J, et al: Treatment of primary melanoma by intralesional vaccinia before excision. Lancet 2:583–586, 1975.
Dalas S, Oldstone HB: Localization at high resolution of antibody-induced mobilization of vaccinia virus hemagglutinin and the major histocompatibility antigens on the plasma membrane of infected cells. J Exp Med 156:1435, 1982.
Koprowski H, Steplewski Z, Herlyn D, Herlyn M: Studies of antibodies against human melanoma produced by somatic cell hybrids. Proc Natl Acad Sci 75:3405–3409, 1978.
Real FX, Houghton AN, Albino AP, Cordon-Cardo C, Melamed MR, Oettgen HF, Old LJ: Surface antigens of melanomas and melanocytes defined by mouse monoclonal antibodies: Specificity analysis and comparison of antigen expression in cultured cells and tissues. Cancer Res 45:4401–4411, 1985.
Hamby CV, Liao S-K, Kanamaru T, Ferrone S: Immunogenicity of human melanoma-associated antigens defined by murine monoclonal antibodies in allogeneic and xenogeneic hosts. Cancer Res 47:5284–5289, 1987.
Kan-Mitchell J, Imam S, Kempf RA, Taylor CR, Mitchell MS: Human monoclonal antibodies directed against melanoma tumor-associated antigens. Cancer Res 46:2490–2496, 1986.
Mattes MJ, Real FX, Furukawa K, Old LJ, Lloyd KO: Class 1 (unique) tumor antigens of human melanoma: Partial purification and characterization of the FD antigen and analysis of a mouse polyclonal antiserum. Cancer Res 47:5284–5289, 1987.
Old LJ: Cancer immunology: The search for specificity. Cancer Res 41:361–375, 1981.
Tai T, Cahan LD, Tsuchida T, Saxton RE, Irie RE, Morton DL: Immunogenicity of melanoma-associated gangliosides in cancer patients. Int J Cancer 35:607–612, 1985.
Houghton AN, Mintzer D, Cordon-Cardo C, et al: Mouse monoclonal IgG3 antibody detecting GD3 ganglioside: A phase I trial in patients with malignant melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci 82:1242–1246, 1985.
Cheresh DA, Reisfeld RA, Varki AP: O-Acetylation of disialoganglioside GD3 by human melnaoma cells creates a unique antigenic determinant. Science 225:844–846.
Fareed GC, Mendiaz E, Sen A, et al: Novel antigenic markers of human tumor regression. J Biol Resp Mod 7:11–23, 1988.
Savage HE, Rossen RD, Hersh EM, et al: Antibody development to viral and allogeneic tumor cell-associated antigens in patients with malignant melanoma and ovarian carcinoma treated with lysates of virus-infected tumor cells. Cancer Res 46:2127–2133, 1986.
Hersey P, MacDonald M, Schibeci S, et al: Clonal analysis of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against autologous melanoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 22:15–23, 1988.
Mukherji B, MacAlister TJ: Clonal analysis of cytotoxic T cell response against human melanoma. J Exp Med 158:240, 1983.
Alexander S, Hubbard SC, Strominger JL: HLA-DR antigens of autologous melanoma and B lymphoblastoid cell lines: Differences in glycolsylation but not protein structure. J Immunol 133:315–320, 1984.
Natali PG, Cavaliere R, Bigotti A, Nicotra MR, Russo C, Ng AK, Giacomini P, Ferrone S: Antigenic heterogeneity of surgically removed primary and autologous metastatic human melanoma lesions. J Immunol 130:1462–1466, 1983.
Bystryn J-C, Bernstein P, Liu P, Valentine F: Immunophenotype of human melanoma cells in different metastases. Cancer Res 45:5603–5607, 1985.
Cochran AJ, Pihl E, Wen D-R, Hoon DSB, Korn, EL: Zoned immune suppression of lymph nodes draining malignant melanoma: Histologic and immunohistologic studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 78:399–405, 1987.
Mukherji B, Wilhelm SA, Guha A, et al: Regulation of cellular immune response against autologous human melanoma. J Immunol 136:1888–1898, 1986.
North RJ: Down-regulation of the antitumor immune response. Adv Cancer Res 45:1–43, 1985.
Berd D, Maguire HC, Mastrangelo MJ: Induction of cell-mediated immunity to autologous melanoma cells and regression of metastases after treatment with a melanoma cell vaccine preceded by cyclophosphamide. Cancer Res 46:2572–2577, 1986.
Bodurtha AJ, Chee DO, Laucius JF, Matrangelo MJ, Prehn RT: Clinical and immunological significance of human melanoma cytotoxic antibody. Cancer Res 35:189, 1975.
Hellstrom I, Hellstrom KE: Colony inhibition studies on blocking and non-blocking serum effects on cellular immunity to Maloney sarcomas, Int J Cancer 5:195, 1970.
Dallo S, Esteban M: Isolation and characterization of attenuated mutants of vaccinia virus. Virology 159:408–422, 1987.
Flexner C, Hugin A, Moss B: Prevention of vaccinia virus infection in immunodeficient mice by vector-directed IL-2 expression. Nature 330:259–262, 1987.
Wakamiya N, Wang Y-L, Imai H, et al: Feasibility of UV-inactivated vaccinia virus in the modification of tumor cells for augmentation of their immunogenicity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 23:125–129, 1986.
Roth A, Kirkwood JM: Melanoma: Classic approaches to management and current integration of biologic response modifiers. Current Concepts Oncol 9:2–11, 1987.
Spitler LE, del Rio M, Khentigan A, et al: Therapy of patients with malignant melanoma using a monoclonal antimelanoma antibody-Ricin A chain immunotoxin. Cancer Res 47:1717–1723, 1987.
Larson SM, Carrasquillo JA, Krohn KA, et al. Localization of 131-I-labelled p97-specific Fab fragments in human melanoma as a basis for radiotherapy. J Clin Invest 72:2101–2114, 1983.
Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Muul LM: A progress report on the treatment of 157 patients with advanced cancer using lympokine-activated killer cells and interleukin-2 or high-dose interleukin-2 alone. N Engl J Med 316:889–897, 1987.
Fearon ER, Itaya T, Hunt B, Vogelstein B., Frost P: Induction in a murine tumor of immunogenic tumor varients by transfection with a foreign gene. Cancer Res 48:2975–2980, 1988.
Paoletti E, Perkus ME, Piccini A: Recombinant vaccinia virus vaccines: An overview. In: Vaccines: New concepts and developments, Kohler H, LoVerde PT (eds). Essex, England: Longman Scientific & Technical, 1988, pp. 303–311.
Hu S-L, Plowman GD, Sridhar P, et al.: Characterization of a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing human melanoma-associated antigen p 97. J Virol 62:176–180, 1988.
Estin CD, Stevenson US, Plowman GD, et al.: Recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine against the human melanoma antigen p97 for use in immuno therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci 85: 1052–1056, 1988.
Hotta H, Ross AH, Huebner K et al.: Molecular cloning and characterization of an antigen associated with early stages of melanoma tumor progression. Cancer Res 48:2955–2962, 1988.
Rosenberg SA, Speiss P, Lafreniere RL: A new approach to the adoptive immunotherapy of cancer with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Science 233:1318–1321, 1986.
Muul LM, Speiss PJ, Director EP, Rosenberg SA: Identification of specific cytolytic immune responses against autologous tumor in humans bearing malignant melanoma. J Immunol 138:989–995, 1987.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bash, J.A., Wallack, M.K. (1988). Vaccinia virus oncolysates in the treatment of malignant melanoma. In: Nathanson, L. (eds) Malignant Melanoma: Biology, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 43. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1751-7_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1751-7_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8983-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-1751-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive