Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Lethal Arrhythmias Resulting from Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction pp 137–148Cite as

Sympathetic-Parasympathetic Interactions in the Normal Heart

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 94))

Abstract

Tonic vagal activity inhibits and tonic sympathetic activity facilitates most aspects of cardiac behavior. These antagonistic effects do not summate algebraically, but complex interactions prevail. Some of these interactions take place within the central nervous system, whereas others occur in the periphery. This chapter will be restricted to the peripheral interactions that take place within the heart. I will attempt to define the current state of knowledge about the autonomic interactions that prevail normally. I will try to emphasize those areas currently being studied most intensively and to identify those problems that merit investigation in the next few years.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Rosenblueth, A. and Simeone, E.A. 1934. The interrelations of vagal and accelerator effects on the cardiac rate. Am. J. Physiol. 110:42.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Samaan A. 1935. The antagonistic cardiac nerves and heart rate. J. Physiol. (London) 83:332.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Levy, M.N. and Zieske, H. 1969. Autonomic control of cardiac pacemaker activity and atrioventricular transmission. J. Appl. Physiol. 27:465.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Warner, H.R. and Russell, R.O., Jr. 1969. Effect of combined sympathetic and vagal stimulation on heart rate in the dog. Circ. Res. 24:567.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Levy, M.N. 1971. Sympathetic-parasympathetic interactions in the heart. Circ. Res. 29:437.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Takahashi, N. and Zipes, D.P. 1983. Vagal modulation of adrenergic effects on canine sinus and atrioventricular nodes. Am. J. Physiol. 244:H775.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Wallick, D.W., Felder, D., and Levy, M.N. 1978. Autonomic control of pacemaker activity in the atrioventricular junction of the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 235:H308.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Wallick, D.W., Martin, P.J., Masuda, Y., and Levy, M.N. 1982. Effects of autonomic activity and changes in heart rate on atrioventricular conduction. Am. J. Physiol. 243:H523–527.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Urthaler, F., Neely, B.H., Hageman, G.R., and Smith, L.R. 1986. Differential sympathetic-parasympathetic interactions in sinus node and AV junction. Am. J. Physiol. 250:H43.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hollenberg, M., Carriere, S., and Barger, A.C. 1965. Biphasic action of acetylcholine on ventricular myocardium. Circ. Res. 16:527.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Levy, M.N., Ng, M., Martin, P., and Zieske, H., Jr. 1966. Sympathetic and parasympathetic interactions upon the left ventricle of the dog. Circ. Res. 19:5.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Stuesse, S.L., Wallick, D.W., and Levy, M.N. 1979. Autonomic control of right atrial contractile strength in the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 236:H860–H865.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Levy, M.N. and Martin, P.J. 1979. Neural control of the heart, in Handbook of Physiology, section 2, The cardiovascular system, vol. I, The heart, R.M. Berne and N. Sperelakis, eds., p. 581, Bethesda, American Physiology Society.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Watanabe, A.M., Lindemann, J.P., Jones, L.R., et al. 1981. Biochemical mechanisms mediating neural control of the heart. in Disturbances in Neurogenic Control of the Circulation, F.M. Abboud, H.A. Fozzard, J.P. Gilmore, and D.J. Reis, eds., p. 189, Bethesda, American Physiology Society.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Stiles, G.L., Caron, M.G., and Lefkowitz, R.J. 1984. ß-Adrenergic receptors: biochemical mechanisms of physiological regulation. Physiol. Rev. 64:661.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Watanabe, A.M., Lindemann, J.P., and Fleming, J.W. 1984. Mechanisms of muscarinic modulation of protein phosphorylation in intact ventricles. Fed. Proc. 43:2618.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Jakobs, K.H., Minuth, M., Bauer, S., et al. 1986. Dual regulation of adenylate cyclase. A signal transduction mechanism of membrane receptors. Basic Res. Cardiol. 81:1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Levy, M.N. 1988. Sympathetic-vagal interactions in the sinus and atrioventricular nodes, in Electrophysiology of the Sino-Atrial and Atrioventricular Nodes, L. Dreifus, ed., New York, Alan R. Liss, Inc., p. 85.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Löffelholz, K. and Muscholl, E. 1969. A muscarinic inhibition of the noradrenaline release evoked by postganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Phar-makol. 265:1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Löffelholz, K. and Muscholl, E. 1970. Inhibition by parasympathetic nerve stimulation of the release of the adrenergic transmitter. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 267:181.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Allen, G.S., Rand, M.J., and Story, D.F. 1974. Effect of the muscarinic agonist McN-A-343 on the release by sympathetic nerve stimulation of (3H)-noradrenaline from rabbit isolated ear arteries and guinea-pig atria. Br. J. Pharmacol. 51:29.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Muscholl, E. 1980. Peripheral muscarinic control of norepinephrine release in the cardiovascular system. Am. J. Physiol. 239:H713.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Levy, M.N. and Blattberg, B. 1976. Effect of vagal stimulation on the overflow of norepinephrine into the coronary sinus during cardiac sympathetic nerve stimulation in the dog. Circ. Res. 38:81.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Potter, E.K. 1985. Prolonged nonadrenergic inhibition of cardiac vagal action following sympathetic stimulation: neuromodulation by neuropeptide Y? Neurosci. Lett. 54:117.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kilborn, M.J., Potter, E.K., and McCloskey, D.I. 1985. Neuromodulation of the cardiac vagus: comparison of neuropeptide Y and related peptides. Regulatory Peptides 12:155.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Ehinger, B., Falck, B., and Sporrong, B. 1970. Possible axo-axonal synapses between peripheral adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals. Z. Zellforsch. Mikrosk. Anat. 107:508.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Wetzel, G.T. and Brown, J.H. 1985. Presynaptic modulation of acetylcholine release from cardiac parasympathetic neurons. Am. J. Physiol. 248:H33–H39.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wetzel, G.T., Goldstein, D., and Brown, J.H. 1985. Acetylcholine release from rat atria can be regulated through an α1-adrenergic receptor. Circ. Res. 56:763–766.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Matthew N. Levy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, P&S 7-517, New York, 10032, New York, USA

    Michael R. Rosen M.D. (Professor of Pharmacology and Pediatrics) (Professor of Pharmacology and Pediatrics)

  2. Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Efron Street, Post Office Box 9697, Haifa, 31096, Israel

    Yoram Palti M.D., Ph.D. (Director) (Director)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston/Dordrecht/London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Levy, M.N. (1989). Sympathetic-Parasympathetic Interactions in the Normal Heart. In: Rosen, M.R., Palti, Y. (eds) Lethal Arrhythmias Resulting from Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 94. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1649-7_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1649-7_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8916-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-1649-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation