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Subunit Viral Vaccines: Prophylactic and Therapeutic Use

  • Chapter
Herpesviruses, the Immune System, and AIDS

Part of the book series: Developments in Medical Virology ((DIMV,volume 6))

Abstract

For viruses capable of establishing persistent infection such as the herpes simplex viruses (HSV) and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), subunit viral vaccines are likely to prove safer than live-attenuated or whole-inactivated viral vaccines. Numerous structural and nonstructural viral proteins have been shown to be immunogenic in both animals and humans. HSV vaccines containing such immunogenic components do not prevent primary infection in animals. However, they prevent the development of clinical disease, reduce latent infection and decrease the likelihood of subsequent herpetic recurrences. Limited evaluation of subunit HIV vaccines has demonstrated their immunogenicity and shown that they prevent experimental infection of chimpanzees. While protection from disease may be adequate for herpetic infections, it is likely that prevention of infection is an important goal for HIV vaccines. Improved understanding of both the protective as well as the detrimental immune responses produced by viral infection should permit rational selection of subunit immunogens. This, together with the development of safer and more potent synthetic adjuvants, should permit the production of new effective subunit viral vaccines. In addition to providing protection for the uninfected host, these vaccines may be useful as immunotherapeutic agents in the treatment of patients with latent/persistent infection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    L. R. Stanberry

  2. Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    L. R. Stanberry

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  1. The University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA

    Laure Aurelian M.D.

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Stanberry, L.R. (1990). Subunit Viral Vaccines: Prophylactic and Therapeutic Use. In: Aurelian, L. (eds) Herpesviruses, the Immune System, and AIDS. Developments in Medical Virology, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1507-0_13

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