Abstract
Histologically, the types of germ-cell tumors arising intracranially are identical to the gonadal varieties. Unfortunately, a diverse and often confusing terminology has been applied to the intracranial germ-cell tumors (table 16–1). The germinoma, histologically identical to testicular seminoma or ovarian dysgerminoma, is the most common intracranial germ-cell tumor. When arising in the suprasellar area, it has sometimes been referred to as atypical teratoma or ectopic pinealoma—an unfortunate choice of terms. In the Japanese literature, intracranial germinoma, regardless of location, is often referred to as pinealoma. Teratoma is another term often used in a confusing manner without a qualifying adjective such as benign, immature, or malignant. The benign teratoma has mature elements of the three germ-cell layers without any evidence of malignant transformation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Sano K, Matsutani M: Pinealoma (germinoma) treated by direct surgery and postoperative irradiation. Childs Brain 8:81–97, 1981.
Arita N, Ushio Y, Hayakawa T, Shintaro M, Bitoh S, Hasegawa H, Akagi K, Kano M, Oku Y, Go J, Takimoto Y, Mogami H: Role of tumor markers in the management of primary intracranial germ-cell tumors. Prog Exp Tumor Res 30:289–295, 1987.
Yates AJ, Becker LE, Sachs LA: Brain tumors in childhood. Childs Brain 5:31–39, 1979.
Lapras C, Patet JD, Mottolese C, Lapras CH: Direct surgery for pineal tumors: Occipital—transtentorial approach. Prog Exp Tumor Res 30:268–280, 1987.
Bruce DA, Allen JC: Tumor staging for pineal region tumors of childhood. Cancer 56:1792–1794, 1985.
Wara WM, Jenkin RDT, Evans A, Ertel I, Hittle R, Ortega J, Wilson CB, Hammond D: Tumors of the pineal and suprasellar region: Childrens Cancer Study Group treatment results 1960–1975. Cancer 43:698–701, 1979.
Sung DI, Harisiadis L, Chang CH: Midline pineal tumors and suprasellar germinomas: Highly curable by irradiation. Radiology 128: 745–751, 1978.
Jenkin RDT, Simpson WJK, Keen CW: Pineal and suprasellar germinomas. Results of radiation treatment. J Neurosurg 48:99–107, 1978.
Chapman PH, Linggood RM: The management of pineal area tumors: A recent reappraisal. Cancer 46:1253–1257, 1980.
Jooma R, Kendall BE: Diagnosis and management of pineal tumors. J Neurosurg 58:654–665, 1983.
Abay EO, Laws ER, Grado GL, Bruckman JE, Forbes GS, Gomez MR, Scott M: Pineal tumors in children and adolescents. Treatment by CSF shunting and radiotherapy. J Neurosurg 55: 889–895, 1981.
Jennings MT, Gelman R, Hochberg F: Intracranial germ cell tumors: Natural history and pathogenesis. J Neurosurg 63:155–167, 1985.
Ueki K, Tanaka R: Treatments and prognoses of pineal tumors—Experience of 110 cases. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 20:1–26, 1980.
Inque Y, Takeuchi T, Tamaki M, Nin K, Hakuba A, Nishimura S: Sequential CT observations of irradiated intracranial germinomas. Am J Roentgenol 132:361–365, 1979.
Zimmerman RA, Bilaniuk LT, Wood JH, Bruce DA, Schut L: Computed tomography of pineal, parapineal and histologically related tumors. Radiology 137:669–677, 1980.
Kageyama N, Kobayashi T, Kida Y, Yoshida J, Kato K: Intracranial germinal tumors. Prog Exp Tumor Res 30:255–267, 1987.
Hoffman HJ, Yoshida M, Becker LE, Hendrick EB, Humphreys RP: Experience with pineal region tumors in childhood. Neurol Res 6: 107–112, 1984.
Rao YTR, Medini E, Haselow RE, Jones TK, Levitt SH: Pineal and ectopic pineal tumors: The role of radiation therapy. Cancer 48:708–713, 1981.
Sung DI: Suprasellar tumors in children. A review of clinical manifestations and managements. Cancer 50:1420–1425, 1982.
Allen JC, Kim JH, Packer RJ: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for newly diagnosed germ-cell tumors of the central nervous system. J Neurosurg 67:65–70, 1987.
Pomarede R, Czernichow P, Finidori J, Pfister A, Roger M, Kalifa C, Zucker JM, Pierre-Kahn A, Rappaport R: Endocrine aspects and tumoral markers in intracranial germinoma: An attempt to delineate the diagnostic procedure in 14 patients. J Pediatr 101:374–378, 1982.
Sklar CA, Grumbach MM, Kaplan SL, Conte FA: Hormonal and metabolic abnormalities associated with central nervous system germinoma in children and adolescents and the effect of therapy: Report of 10 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 52:9–16, 1981.
Takeuchi J, Handa H, Nagata I: Suprasellar germinoma. J Neurosurg 49:41–48, 1978.
Hibi I, Fujiwara K: Precocious puberty of cerebral origin: A cooperative study in Japan. Prog Exp Tumor Res 30:224–238, 1987.
Javadpour N: The role of biologic tumor markers in testicular cancer. Cancer 45:1755–1761, 1980.
Washiyama K, Sekiguchi K, Tanaka R, Kazunori Y, Kumanishi T, Oyake Y: Immunohisto-chemical study on AFP, HCG and PLAP in primary intracranial germ cell tumors. Prog Exp Tumor Res 30:296–306, 1987.
Kida Y, Kobayashi T, Yoshida J, Kato K, Kageyama N: Chemotherapy with cisplatin for AFP secreting germ cell tumors of the central nervous system. J Neurosurg 65:470–475, 1986.
Allen JC, Nisselbaum J, Epstein F, Rosen G, Schwartz MK: Alphafetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin determination in cerebrospinal fluid. An aid to the diagnosis and management of intracranial germ cell tumors. J Neurosurg 51:368–374. 1979.
Wara WM, Fellows CF, Sheline GE, Wilson CB, Townsend JJ: Radiation therapy for pineal tumors and suprasellar germinomas. Radiology 124:221–223, 1977.
Linstadt D, Wara WM, Edwards MSB, Hudgins RJ, Sheline GE: Radiotherapy of primary intracranial germinomas: The case against routine craniospinal irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 15:291–297, 1988.
Amendola BE, McClatchey K, Amendola MA: Pineal region tumora: Analysis of treatment results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 10:991–997, 1984.
Fields JN, Fulling KH, Thomas PRM, Marks JE: Suprasellar germinoma: Radiation therapy. Radiology 164:247–249, 1987.
Matsutani M, Takakura K, Sano K: Primary intracranial germ cell tumors: Pathology and treatment. Prog Exp Tumor Res 30:307–312, 1987.
Sano K: Pinealoma in children. Childs Brain 2:67–72, 1976.
Shibamoto Y, Abe M, Yamashita J, Takahashi M, Hiraoka M, Ono K, Tsutsui K: Treatment results of intracranial germinoma as a function of the irradiated volume. Int J Radiation Oncol Biol Phys 15:285–290, 1988.
Wilson ER, Takei Y, Bikoff WT, O’Brien MS, Tindall GT, Boehm WM: Abdominal metastases of primary intracranial yolk sac tumors through ventriculoperitoneal shunts: Report of three cases. Neurosurgery 5:356–364, 1979.
Neuwelt EA, Frenkel EP, Smith RG: Suprasellar germinomas (Ectopic pinealomas): Aspects of immunological characterization and successful chemotherapeutic responses in recurrent disease. Neurosurgery 7:352–358, 1980.
Kun LE, Tang TT, Sty JR, Camitta BM: Primary cerebral germinoma and ventriculoperitoneal shunt metastasis. Cancer 48:213–216, 1981.
Bamberg M, Metz K, Alberti W, Heckemann R, Schulz U: Endodermal sinus tumor of the pineal region. Metastases through a ventriculoparietal shunt. Cancer 54:903–906, 1984.
Haimovic IC, Sharer L, Hyman RA, Beresford HR: Metastasis of intracranial germinoma through a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Cancer 48:1033–1036, 1981.
Gay JC, Janco RL, Lukens JN: Systemic metastases in primary intracranial germinoma. Cancer 55:2688–2690, 1985.
Stowell RE, Sachs E, Russell WO: Primary intracranial chorionepithelioma with metastases to the lungs. Am J Pathol 21:787–801, 1945.
Tompkins VN, Haymaker W, Campbell EH: Metastatic pineal tumors—A clinicopathologic report of two cases. J Neurosurg 7:159–169, 1950.
Borden S, Weber AL, Toch R, Wang CC: Pineal germinoma. Long-term survival despite hematogenous metastases. Am J Dis Child 126:214–216, 1973.
Deutsch M: Medulloblastoma: Staging and treatment outcome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 14:1103–1107, 1988.
Salazar OM, Castro-Vita H, Bakos RS, Feldstein ML, Keller B, Rubin P: Radiation therapy for tumors of the pineal region. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 5:491–499, 1979.
Bradfield JS, Perez CA: Pineal tumors and ectopic pinealomas. Radiology 103:399–406, 1972.
Onoyama Y, Ono K, Nakajima T, Hiraoka M, Abe M: Radiation therapy of pineal tumors. Radiology 130:757–760, 1979.
Siegal T, Pfeffer MR, Catane R, Sulkes A, Gomori MJ, Fuks Z: Successful chemotherapy of recurrent intracranial germinoma with spinal metastases. Neurology 33:631–633, 1983.
de Tribolet N, Barrelet L: Successful chemotherapy of pinealoma. Lancet 2:1228–1229 (letter), 1977.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Deutsch, M. (1990). Intracranial Germ-Cell Tumors. In: Deutsch, M. (eds) Management of Childhood Brain Tumors. Foundations of Neurological Surgery, vol 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1501-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1501-8_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8807-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-1501-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive