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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure pp 149–170Cite as

Antioxidants and the Heart

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Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 168))

Abstract

Free radicals are unstable and highly reactive chemical species that differ from other ions, molecules, and molecular complexes by having an unpaired electron in their outermost orbital. This unpaired electron usually gives a considerable degree of chemical reactivity to the free radical. The latter can be produced in biological systems by various redox reactions occurring during normal metabolism. Molecular oxygen is a life-supporting agent that exists as a diradical wherein the two electrons in its outer orbital have parallel spins and are unpaired. Although a strong oxidant, this unique electronic configuration of oxygen also limits its reactivity to some extent, since inversion of electron spin is required for the oxidation of a two-electron donor. At the same time, this unusual configuration renders oxygen potentially toxic to all biological materials. Univalent reduction of oxygen in vivo gives rise to highly reactive intermediates that have an important role in both health and disease. Thus, oxygen radical reactions in biology are of particular interest.

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Authors
  1. Pawan K. Singal
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  2. Arvinder K. Dhalla
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  3. Neelam Khaper
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  4. Michael Hill
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  5. Thomas P. Thomas
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  6. Charita Seneviratne
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. MRC Group in Experimental Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla (Distinguished Professor), Pawan K. Singal (Professor) & Robert E. Beamish (Professor Emeritus) (Distinguished Professor),  (Professor) &  (Professor Emeritus)

  2. Department of Internal Medicine Aoto Hospital, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Nobuakira Takeda (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

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© 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Singal, P.K., Dhalla, A.K., Khaper, N., Hill, M., Thomas, T.P., Seneviratne, C. (1996). Antioxidants and the Heart. In: Dhalla, N.S., Singal, P.K., Takeda, N., Beamish, R.E. (eds) Pathophysiology of Heart Failure. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 168. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1235-2_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1235-2_11

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