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Analytical Methods and Quality Control for Trace Metal Determinations: A Critical Review of the State of the Art

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Book cover Biological Monitoring of Toxic Metals

Part of the book series: Rochester Series on Environmental Toxicity ((RSET))

Abstract

During the last decade, due to remarkable progress in analytical expertise and instrumentation, many sources of error from sampling to analytical determinations of trace metals have been identified and corrected in recent studies. This has led to a dramatic decrease of concentration levels considered as normal in biological and environmental materials so that instead of mg/kg-contents for many trace elements, μg/kg or even ng/kg levels are accepted today as correct (Nurnberg, 1982; Versieck, 1984, 1985; Versieck and Cornell’s, 1980). Besides a more profound understanding of the whole analytical task, it is obvious from an analyst’s view, that reliable determinations at normal and slightly elevated levels, even in environmental and occupational exposure, demand clear analytical strategies and insights into methodological advantages and limitations. Based on recent research and the author’s experience in trace and ultratrace analysis, this paper summarizes the most important aspects of sound analytical strategies at the planning and preparatory phase. This is followed by a discussion of the state-of-the-art of the most promising routine and reference methods for Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn and V regarded as toxicologically and environmentally important metals and metalloids (Friberg et al., 1979, 1985; Merian, 1984) together with a review of their normal (reference) levels in body fluids. Next, approaches for the validation of analytical data will be presented. Finally, some possible future prospects will be mentioned.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Applied Physical Chemistry (ICH-4), Nuclear Research Center (KFA) Juelich, D-5170, Juelich, Federal Republic of Germany

    Markus Stoeppler

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  1. Markus Stoeppler
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Rochester Shool of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USA

    Thomas W. Clarkson

  2. The Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

    Lars Friberg

  3. University of Umea, Umea, Sweden

    Gunnar F. Nordberg

  4. Stauffer Chemical Company, Farmington, Connecticut, USA

    Polly R. Sager

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© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

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Stoeppler, M. (1988). Analytical Methods and Quality Control for Trace Metal Determinations: A Critical Review of the State of the Art. In: Clarkson, T.W., Friberg, L., Nordberg, G.F., Sager, P.R. (eds) Biological Monitoring of Toxic Metals. Rochester Series on Environmental Toxicity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0961-1_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0961-1_23

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-306-42809-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0961-1

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