Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Clinical Psychology

A Multivariate Appraisal

  • Chapter
Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology

Part of the book series: Perspectives on Individual Differences ((PIDF))

  • 1107 Accesses

Abstract

Since the days of Witmer, clinical psychology has made incredible progress. Even more impressive than the great number of professionals in clinical psychology is the broad range of areas in which they are involved and the public interest in the field, mainly in psychotherapy. The latter is sometimes anxiety provoking.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Achenbach, T. M. The classification of children’s psychiatric symptoms: A factor-analytic study. Psychological Monographs, 1966, 80, Whole No. 615.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M. Psychopathology of childhood: Research problems and issues. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1978, 46,759–776.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M. Research methods in developmental psychopathology. In P. C. Kendall and J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 569–589.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., and Edelbrock, C. S. The classification of child psychopathology: A review and analysis of empirical efforts. Psychological Bulletin, 1978, 85, 1275–1301.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., and Edelbrock, C. S. Psychopathol­ogy of childhood. Annual Review of Psychology,1984, 35,227–256.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Albee, G. W. Notes toward a position paper opposing psychodiagnosis. In A. R. Mahrer (Ed.), New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970, pp. 385–395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albee, G. W. A competency model must replace the defect model. In L. A. Bond and J. C. Rosen (Eds.), Competence and coping during adulthood. Hanover: University Press of New England, 1980, pp. 75–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albee, G. W. Preventing psychopathology and promoting human potential. American Psychologist, 1982, 37, 1043–1050.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (Ed.) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington: APA, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andreasen, N. C., and Grove, W. M. The classification of depression: Traditional versus mathematical ap­proaches. American Journal of Psychiatry,1982, 139, 45–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Appelt, H., and Strauss, B. (Eds.) Ergebnisse einzelfallstatistischer Untersuchungen in Psychosomatik und klinischer Psychologie. Berlin: Springer, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arkes, H. R. Impediments to accurate clinical judgment and possible ways to minimize their impact. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1981, 49, 323–330.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bath, K. E., Daly, D. L., and Nesselroade, J. R. Replicability of factors derived from individual P-technique analyses. Multivariate Behavioral Research,1976, 11, 147–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumann, U., and Stieglitz, R.-D. Testmanual zum AMPD-System. Empirische Studien zur Psychopatho­logie. Berlin: Springer, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, P. Psychologie der seelischen Gesundheit. Vol. 1. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, P. Primäre Prävention. In L. R. Schmidt (Ed.), Lehrbuch der Klinischen Psychologie (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: Enke, 1984, pp. 355–389.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beckmann, D., Scheer, J. W., and Zenz, H. Methodenprobleme in der Psychotherapieforschung. In L. J. Pongratz (Ed.), Klinische Psychologie, Vol. 2. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1978, pp. 1085–1124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bellack, A. S., and Hersen, M. (Eds.) Research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Pergamon Press, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bender, W. Vergleichsuntersuchung zur differentialdiagnostischen Gültigkeit der deutschen Form der IMPS. In K. Pawlik (Ed.), Multivariate Persönlichkeitsforschung. Bern: Huber, 1982, pp. 323–343.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bender, P. M. Multivariate analysis with latent variables: Causal modeling. Annual Review of Psychology, 1980, 31, 419–456.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berzins, J. I., Bednar, R. L., and Severy, L. J. The problem of intersource consensus in measuring therapeutic outcomes: New data and multivariate perspectives. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1975, 84, 10–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beutler, L. E. Toward specific psychological therapies for specific conditions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1979, 47, 882–897.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Birkett, H., and Cattell, R. B. Diagnosis of the dynamic roots of a clinical symptom by P-technique: A case of episodic alcoholism. Multivariate Experimental Clinical Research,1978, 3, 173–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biskin, B. H. Multivariate analysis in experimental counseling research. Counseling Psychologist, 1980, 8, 69–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaser, A. Accepting a patient for therapy: The decisive variables. In W.-R. Minsel and W. Herff (Eds.), Methodology in psychotherapy research. Frankfurt: Lang, 1983, pp. 69–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blashfield, R. K., and Draguns, J. G. Evaluative criteria for psychiatric classification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,1976, 85, 140–150.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blashfield, R. K., and Morey, L. C. The classification of depression through cluster analysis. Comprehensive Psychiatry,1979, 20, 516–527.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boesch, E. E. Die diagnostische Systematisierung. In R. Heiss (Ed.), Psychologische Diagnostik. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1964, pp. 930–959.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, L. A., and Prokop, C. K. Research methods in contemporary medical psychology. In P. C. Kendall and J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 591–649.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandtstädter, J. Kern-und Leitbegriffe psychologischer Prävention. In J. Brandtstädter and A. von Eye (Eds.), Psychologische Prävention. Bern: Huber, 1982, pp. 81–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandtstädter, J., and von Eye A. (Eds.) Psychologische Prävention. Bern: Huber, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brauchli, B. Zur Nosologie in der Psychiatrie. Methodische Ansätze empirischer Forschung: Theorie und Methodenstudien zur Cluster-Analyse. Stuttgart: Enke, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  • Broga, M. I., and Neufeld, R. W. J. Multivariate cognitive performance levels and response styles among paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,1981, 90,495–509.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher, J. N., and Tellegen, A. Common methodologi­cal problems in MMPI research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1978, 46,620–628.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, D. T., and Fiske, D. W. Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait—multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 1959, 56, 81–105.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Primary personality factors in the realm of objective tests. Journal of Personality, 1948, 16, 459–487.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Handbook for the objective—analytic (O—A) personality test batteries. Champaign, Ill.: IPAT, 1955.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Personality and motivation structure and measurement. Yonkers-on-Hudson, N.Y.: World Book, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. What is “objective” in “objective personality tests”? Journal of Counseling Psychology,1958, 5,285–289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Objective personality tests: A reply to Dr.Eysenck. Occupational Psychology, 1964, 38, 69–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. The scientific analysis of personality. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. The data box: Its ordering of total resources in terms of possible relational systems. In R. . B. Cattell (Ed.), Handbook of multivariate experimen­tal psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1966, pp. 67–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. (Ed.) Progress in clinical psychology through multivariate experimental designs. Multivariate Behavioral Research. Special Issue, 1968a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Taxonomic principles for locating and using types. In B. Kleinmuntz (Ed.), Formal representation of human judgment. New York: Wiley, 1968b, pp. 99–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Trait-view theory of perturbations in ratings and self ratings (L(BR)- and Q-data): Its application to obtaining pure trait score estimates in questionnaires. Psychological Review, 1968c, 75, 96–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. The integration of functional and psychometric requirements in a quantitative and computerized diagnostic system. In A. R. Mahrer (Ed.), New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970, pp. 9–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Personality and mood by questionnaire. San Francisco: Jossey—Bass, 1973a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. A check on the 28 factor Clinical Analysis Questionnaire. Journal of Multivariate Experimental Personality and Clinical Psychology, 1973b, 1, 3–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Personality and learning theory. Vol. 1. Berlin: Springer, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Personality and learning theory. Vol. 2. Berlin: Springer, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. The clinical use of difference scores: Some psychometric problems. Multivariate Experimental Clinical Research, 1982, 6, 87–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. Let’s end the duel. American Psychologist,1983, 38,769–776.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B., and Birkett, H. Can P-technique diagnosis be practicably shortened? Multivariate Experimental Clinical Research,1980, 5,1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B., and Child, D. Motivation and dynamic structure. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B., and Scheier, I. H. The meaning and measurement of neuroticism and anxiety. New York: Ronald Press, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B., and Warburton, F. W. Objective personality and motivation tests. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B., Coulter, M. A., and Tsujioka, B. The taxonometric recognition of types and functional emergents. In R. B. Cattell (Ed.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1966, pp. 288–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B., Eber, H. W., and Tatsuoka, M. M. Handbook for the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF). Champaign, Ill.: IPAT, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B., Schmidt, L. R., and Bjerstedt, A. Clinical diagnosis by the objective—analytic personality batteries. Journal of Clinical Psychology,1972, Monogr. Suppl. 34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coan, R. W. The optimal personality. New York: Columbia University Press, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. The impact of multivariate research in clinical psychology. In R. B. Cattell (Ed.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1966, pp. 856–877.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole, D. A., Howard, G. S., and Maxwell, S. E. Effects of mono-versus multiple-operationalization in con­struct validation efforts. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1981, 49,395–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cone, J. D., and Foster, S. L. Direct observation in clinical psychology. In P. C. Kendall and J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 311–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costello, C. G. Symptoms of psychopathology. New York: Wiley, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costello, C. G. A critical review of Seligman’s laboratory experiments on learned helplessness and depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1978, 87, 21–31.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dahme, B. Zeitreihenanalyse des psychotherapeutischen Prozesses. In F. Petermann (Ed.), Methodische Grundlagen Klinischer Psychologie. Weinheim: Beltz, 1977, pp. 169–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies-Osterkamp, S., and Salm, A. Ansätze zur Erfassung psychischer Adaptationsprozesse in medizi­nischen Belastungssituationen. Medizinische Psychologie, 1980, 6, 66–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delhees, K. H. Conflict measurement by the dynamic calculus model, and its applicability in clinical practice. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1968, Special Issue, pp. 73–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Depue, R. A., Slater, J. F., Wolfstetter-Kausch, H., Klein, D., Goplerud, E., and Farr, D. A behavioral paradigm for identifying persons at risk for bipolar depressive disorder: A conceptual framework and five validation studies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,1981, 90,381–437.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dohrenwend, B. P., and Dohrenwend, B. S. Social and cultural influences on psychopathology. Annual Review of Psychology,1974, 25,417–452.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dunnette, M. D., and Borman, W. C. Personnel selection and classification systems. Annual Review of Psychology,1979, 30,477–525.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, S. The stability of behavior II. Implications for psychological research. American Psychologist, 1980, 35, 790–806.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, H. J. A dimensional system of psychodiagnos­tics. In A. R. Mahrer (Ed.), New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia Univer­sity Press, 1970, pp. 169–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, H. J. (Ed.) A model for personality. Berlin: Springer, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, H. J., Wakefield, J. A., and Friedman, A. F. Diagnosis and clinical assessment: The DSM-III. Annual Review of Psychology, 1983, 34, 167–193.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fahrenberg, J. Psychophysiology. German Journal of Psychology,1979, 3, 321–343.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahrenberg, J. Probleme der Mehrebenen-Beschreibung and Prozess-Forschung. Freiburg: Forschungsberichte des Psychologischen Instituts, No. 8, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahrenberg, J., Kuhn, M., Kulick, B., and Myrtek, M. Methodenentwicklung für psychologische Zeitreihenstudien. Diagnostica, 1977, 23, 15–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahrenberg, J., Selg, H., and Hampel, R. Das Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar FPI. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahrenberg, J., Hampel, R., and Selg, H. Das Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar FPI. Revidierte Fassung FPI-R and teilweise geänderte Fassung FPI-A 1. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farquhar, J. W. The community-based model of life style intervention trials. American Journal of Epidemiology,1978, 108,103–111.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farrell, A. D., and Mariotto, M. J. A multimethod validation of two psychiatric rating scales. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1982, 50, 273–280.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg, M., and Carroll, B. J. Separation of subtypes of depression using discriminant analysis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1982, 140, 384–391.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Finn, S. E. Base rates, utilities, and DSM-III: Shortcomings of fixed-rule systems of psychodiagnosis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,1982, 91,294–302.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fiske, D. W. The meta-analytic revolution in outcome research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1983, 51,65–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frederiksen, C. H., and Rotondo, J. A. Time-series models and the study of longitudinal change. In J. R. Nesselroade and P. B. Baltes (Eds.), Longitudinal research in the study of behavior and development. New York: Academic Press, 1979, pp. 111–153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garfield, S. L. Research problems in clinical diagnosis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1978, 46, 596–607.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garfield, S. L. Psychotherapy. A 40-year appraisal. American Psychologist, 1981, 36, 174–183.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gelso, C. J. Research in counseling: Methodological and professional issues. Counseling Psychologist, 1979, 8, 7–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glass, G. V., and Kliegl, R. M. An apology for research integration in the study of psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1983, 51, 28–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottman, J., and Markman, H. J. Experimental designs in psychotherapy research. In S. L. Garfield and A. E. Bergin (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change. New York: Wiley, 1978, pp. 23–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grawe, K. Differentielle Psychotherapie I. Bern: Huber, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guthke, J. The learning test concept—An alternative to the traditional static intelligence test. German Journal of Psychology,1982, 6, 306–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gynther, M. D., and Green, S. B. Methodological problems in research with self-report inventories. In P. C. Kendall and J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 355–386.

    Google Scholar 

  • Häcker, H. Objektive Tests zur Messung der Persönlichkeit. In K.-J. Groffmann and L. Michel (Eds.), Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1982, pp. 132–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Häcker, H., Schmidt, L. R., Schwenkmezger, P., and Utz, H. Objektive Testbatterie. OA-TB 75. Weinheim: Beltz, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, S. C. Single case experimental design and empirical clinical practice. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1981, 49, 193–211.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haynes, S. N., and Wilson, C. L. Behavioral assessment. San Francisco: Jossey–Bass, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hersen, M., and Barlow, D. H. Single-case experimental designs: Strategies for studying behavior change. New York: Pergamon Press, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holzkamp, K. Kritische Psychologie. Frankfurt: Fischer, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horn, J. L., and Sweney, A. B. The dynamic calculus model for motivation and its use in understanding the individual case. In A. R. Mahrer (Ed.), New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970, pp. 55–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber, H. P. Psychometrische Einzelfalldiagnostik. Weinheim: Beltz, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber, H. P. Kontrollierte Fallstudie. In L. J. Pongratz (Ed.), Klinische Psychologie. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1978, pp. 1153–1199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber, H. P. Strategien zur Evaluation therapeutischer Prozesse. In W.-R. Minsel and R. Scheller (Eds.), Forschungskonzepte der Klinischen Psychologie. Munich: Kösel, 1983, pp. 87–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huesmann, L. R. (Ed.) Special issue: Learned helplessness as a model of depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,1978, 87, Whole No. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hundleby, J. D., Pawlik, K., and Cattell, R. B. Personality factors in objective test devices. San Diego: Knapp, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janis, I. L., and Leventhal, H. Psychological aspects of physical illness and hospital care. In B. B. Wolman (Ed.), Handbook of clinical psychology. New York: McGraw–Hill, 1965, pp. 1360–1377.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janis, I. L., Mahl, G. F., Kagan, J., and Holt, R. R. Personality. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janke, W. Klassenzuordnung: Zuordnung von Personen zu vorgegebenen Klassen. In K.-J. Groffmann and L. Michel (Eds.), Grundlagen psychologischer Diagnostik. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1982, pp. 376–466.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karson, S., and O’Dell, J. W. A guide to the clinical use of the 16 PF. Champaign, Ill.: IPAT, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasielke, E. Neurosenklassifikation. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasielke, E., Haensgen, K.-D., and Strauss, E.-H. Probleme und Möglichkeiten der Psychodiagnostik bei Patienten mit neurotischen Störungen und körperlichen Erkrankungen. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Dia­gnostische Psychologie, 1985, 6, 89–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. Methodological and interpretive problems of single-case experimental designs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1978, 46, 629–642.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. Drawing valid inferences from case studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1981, 49,183–192.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, P. C., and Butcher, J. N. (Eds.) Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, P. C., and Norton-Ford, J. D. Therapy outcome research methods. In P. C. Kendall and J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 429–460.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendell, R. E. The choice of diagnostic criteria for biological research. Archives of General Psychiatry,1982, 39,1334–1339.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kiesler, D. J. A grid model for theory and research in the psychotherapies. In L. D. Eron and R. Callahan (Eds.), The relationship of theory to practice in psychotherapy. Chicago: Aldine, 1969, pp. 115–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiesler, D. J. Experimental designs in psychotherapy research. In A. E. Bergin and S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change. New York: Wiley, 1971, pp. 36–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiesler, D. J. Empirical clinical psychology: Myth or reality? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1981, 49,212–215.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, D. N. Relation between current diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia and the dimensions of premorbid adjustment, paranoid symptomatology, and chronicity. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,1982, 91,319–325.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kline, P., and Cooper, C. A construct validation of the objective–analytic test battery (OATB). Personality and Individual Differences, 1984, 5, 323–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klug, J. Psychiatrische Diagnosen. Einflussfaktoren auf die Stabilität im zeitlichen Verlauf. Weinheim: Beltz, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kokkinidis, L., and Anisman, H. Amphetamine models of paranoid schizophrenia: An overview and elabora­tion of animal experimentation. Psychological Bulletin, 1980, 88, 551–579.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kokkinidis, L., and Anisman, H. Amphetamine—induced stereotypy: Reply to Rebec and Bashore. Psychological Bulletin, 1983, 93, 368–372.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Korchin, S. J. Nonspecific factors in psychotherapy. In W.-R. Minsel and W. Herff (Eds.), Methodology in psychotherapy research. Vol. 1. Frankfurt: Lang, 1983, pp. 1–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korchin, S. J., and Schuldberg, D. The future of clinical assessment. American Psychologist, 1981, 36, 1147–1158.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kozielecki, J. A model for diagnostic problem solving. Acta Psychologica,1972, 36, 370–380.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krauth, J. Statistische Methoden zur Veränderungs­messung. In U. Baumann, H. Berbalk, and G. Seidenstücker (Eds.), Klinische Psychologie: Trends in Forschung und Praxis. Vol. 4. Bern: Huber, 1981, pp. 98–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krauth, J. Typenanalyse. In J. Bredenkamp and H. Feger (Eds.), Strukturierung und Reduzierung von Daten. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1983a, pp. 440–496.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krauth, J. Diskriminanzanalyse. In J. Bredenkamp and H. Feger (Eds.), Strukturierung und Reduzierung von Daten. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1983b, pp. 293–359.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krauth, J., and Lienert, G. A. Die Konfigurationsfre­quenzanalyse (KFA). Freiburg: Alber, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krug, S. E. (Ed.) Psychological assessment in medicine. Champaign, Ill.: IPAT, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krug, S. E. Reliability and scope in personality assessment: A comparison of the Cattell and Eysenck inventories. Multivariate Experimental Clinical Research,1978, 3, 195–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krug, S. E. Clinical Analysis Questionnaire. Manual. Champaign, Ill.: IPAT, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krug, S. E. Interpreting 16 PF profile patterns. Champaign, Ill.: IPAT, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  • Labouvie, E. W. The study of multivariate change structures: A conceptual perspective. Multivariate Behavioral Research,1981, 16,23–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamiell, J. T. Toward an idiothetic psychology of personality. American Psychologist, 1981, 36, 276–289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lang, R. J. Multivariate classification of day-care patients: Personality as a dimensional continuum. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1978, 46, 1212–1226.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. S. Psychological stress and the coping process. New York: McGraw–Hill, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. S., and Launier, R. Stress-related transac­tions between person and environment. In L. A. Pervin and M. Lewis (Eds.), Perspectives in interactional psychology. New York: Plenum Press, 1978, pp. 287–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leary, M. R., and Altmaier, E. M. Type I error in counseling research: A plea for multivariate analyses. Journal of Counseling Psychology,1980, 27,611–615.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebo, M. A., and Nesselroade, J. R. Intraindividual differences dimensions of mood change during pregnancy identified in five P-technique factor analyses. Journal of Research in Personality, 1978, 12, 205–224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leichner, R. Klinische Urteilsbildung. In L. J. Pongratz (Ed.), Klinische Psychologie, Vol. 2. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1978, pp. 1499–1561.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leigh, H., and Reiser, M. F. The patient. 2nd ed. New York: Plenum Press, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leitenberg, R. The use of single-case methodology in psychotherapy research. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,1973, 32, 87–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linney, J. A., and Reppucci, N. D. Research design and methods in community psychology. In P. C. Kendall and J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 535–566.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lon, M. A typological conception of the behavior disorders. In A. R. Mahrer (Ed.), New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970, pp. 101–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumsden, D. P. Towa ds a system model of stress. In J. G. Sarason and C. D. Spielberger (Eds.), Stress and anxiety. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: Hemisphere, 1975, pp. 191–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahoney, M. J. Experimental methods and outcome evaluation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1978, 46,660–672.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahrer, A. R. Motivational theory: Foundation of personality classification: In A. R. Mahrer (Ed.), New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970a, pp. 239–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahrer, A. R. (Ed.) New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matarazzo, J. D. Behavioral health and behavioral medicine: Frontiers of a new health psychology. American Psychologist,1980, 35,805–817.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matarazzo, J. D. Behavioral health’s challenge to academic, scientific, and professional psychology. American Psychologist, 1982, 37, 1–14.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matussek, P., Söldner, M. L., and Nagel, D. Neurotic depression: Results of cluster analyses. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,1982, 170,588–597.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mechanic, D. (Ed.) Handbook of health, health care, and the health professions. New York: Free Press, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehl, P. E. Theoretical risks and tabular asterisks: Sir Karl, Sir Ronald, and the slow progress of soft psychology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1978, 46,806–834.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehl, P. E. A funny thing that happened to us on the way to the latent entities. Journal of Personality Assessment,1979, 43,564–581.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meehl, P. E., and Golden, R. R. Taxometric methods. In P. C. Kendall and J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology. New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 127–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehl, P. E., and Rosen, A. Antecedent probability and the efficiency of psychometric signs, patterns, or cutting scores. Psychological Bulletin, 1955, 52, 194–216.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, A. E. (Ed.) The Hamburg short psychotherapy comparison experiment. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics,1981, 35,81–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mezzich, J. E. Evaluating clustering methods for psychiatric diagnosis. Biological Psychiatry, 1978, 13, 265–281.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mezzich, J. E. Patterns and issues in multiaxial psychiatric diagnosis. Psychological Medicine, 1979, 9, 125–137.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michelson, L. (Ed.) Meta-analysis and clinical psychol­ogy. Clinical Psychology Review, 1985, 5, 1–89 (Special Issue).

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, L. C. Dimensions of adolescent psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1980, 8, 161–173.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, R. C., and Berman, J. S. The efficacy of cognitive behavior therapies: A quantitative review of research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 1983, 94, 39–59.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Millon, T. Modern psychopathology. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Millon, T. The DSM-III: An insider’s perspective. American Psychologist,1983, 38, 804–814.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Millon, T., Green, C. J., and Meagher, R. B., Jr. The MBHI: A new inventory for the psychodiagnostician in medical settings. Professional Psychology, 1979, 10, 529–539.

    Google Scholar 

  • Millon, T., Green, C. J., and Meagher, R. B., Jr. Millon Behavioral Health Inventory. Manual. Minneapolis: National Computer Systems, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minsel, W.-R., and Scheller, R. (Eds.) Prävention. Munich: Kösel, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mintz, J. Integrating research evidence: A commentary on meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,1983, 51, 71–75.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Möbus, C., and Nagl, W. Messung, Analyse und Prognose von Veränderungen. In J. Bredenkamp and H. Feger (Eds.), Hypothesenprüfung. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1983, pp. 239–470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moller, H. J., and von Zerssen, D. Klassifikation psychischer Störungen: Probleme und Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten aus der Sicht neuerer Forschungsergebnisse. In U. Baumann, H. Berbalk, and G. Seidenstiicker (Eds.), Klinische Psychologie: Trends in Forschung und Praxis. Vol. 6. Bern: Huber, 1984, pp. 90–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, J. D., and Farquhar, J. W. Applications of behavioral medicine to disease prevention in a total community setting: A review of the three community study. In J. M. Ferguson and C. B. Taylor (Eds.), The comprehensive handbook of behavioral medicine. Vol. 3. Lancaster: MTP, 1980, pp. 313–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, R. O. Realistic dependent measures for clinical use. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1981, 49, 168–182.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nesselroade, J. R., and Baltes, P. B. Longitudinal research in the study of behavior and development. New York: Academic Press, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesselroade, J. R., and Delhees, K. H. Methods and findings in experimentally based personality theory. In R. B. Cattell (Ed.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1966, pp. 563–610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesselroade, J. R., Stigler, S. M., and Baltes, P. B. Regression toward the mean and the study of change. Psychological Bulletin, 1980, 88, 622–637.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, R. A., and Berman, J. S. Is follow-up necessary in evaluating psychotherapy? Psychological Bulletin, 1983, 93, 261–278.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oldenburger, H.-A. Clusteranalyse. In J. Bredenkamp and H. Feger (Eds.), Strukturierung und Reduzierung von Daten. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1983, pp. 390–439.

    Google Scholar 

  • Overall, J. E., and Hollister, L. E. Decision rules for phenomenological classification of psychiatric patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1982, 50, 535–545.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parloff, M. B. Contributions and limits of psychotherapy research. In W.-R. Minsel and W. Herff (Eds.), Methodology in psychotherapy research. Vol. 1. Frankfurt: Lang, 1983, pp. 30–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paul, G. L. Strategy of outcome research in psychothe­rapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1967, 31, 109–118.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pawlik, K. (Ed.) Multivariate Persönlichkeitsforschung. Bern: Huber, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perrez, M. Wissenschaftstheoretische Probleme der Klinischen Psychologie: Psychotherapeutische Methoden—zum Stand ihrer metatheoretischen Dis­kussion. In W.-R. Minsel and R. Scheller (Eds.), Forschungskonzepte der Klinischen Psychologie. Munich: Kösel, 1983, pp. 148–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petermann, F. Veränderungsmessung. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petermann, F. Die (verlaufs-)strukturorientierte Einzel­falldiagnostik und ihre Aussagekraft innerhalb der Klinischen Psychologie. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, 1981, 10, 110–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, R. A., and Berenbaum, S. A. Design issues in clinical research: Comment on Kraemer. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1982, 50, 581–584.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Philips, L., and Draguns, J. G. Classification of the behavior disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 1971, 22, 447–482.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rebec, G. V., and Bashore, T. R. Comments on “Amphetamine models of paranoid schizophrenia”: A precautionary note. Psychological Bulletin, 1982, 92, 403–409.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Remschmidt, H., and Schmidt, M. (Eds.) Multiaxiale Diagnostik in der Kinder-und Jugendpsychiatrie: Ergebnisse empirischer Untersuchungen. Bern: Huber, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rorer, L. G., and Widiger, T. A. Personality structure and assessment. Annual Review of Psychology, 1983, 34, 431–463.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, J. C., and Wiens, A. N. Changes in medical problems and use of medical services following psychological intervention. American Psychologist, 1979, 34, 420–431.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenthal, R. Assessing the statistical and social importance of the effects of psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1983, 51, 4–13.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, A. O., and Pelham, W. E. Child psychopathology. Annual Review of Psychology, 1981, 32, 243–278.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rushton, J. P., Jackson, D. N., and Paunonen, S. V. Personality: Nomothetic or idiographic? A response to Kenrick and Springfield. Psychological Review, 1981, 88, 582–589.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rushton, J. P., Brainerd, C. J., and Pressley, M. Behavioral development and construct validity: The principle of aggregation. Psychological Bulletin, 1983, 94, 18–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, M., Shaffer, D., and Sturge, C. A guide to a multiaxial classification scheme for psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. London: Institute of Psychiatry, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sawyer, J. Measurement and prediction, clinical and statistical. Psychologial Bulletin, 1966, 66, 178–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarr, S. (Ed.) Psychology and children: Current research and practice. American Psychologist, 1979, 34, Special Issue, pp. 809–1039.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaffer, N. D. Multidimensional measures of therapist behavior as predictors of outcome. Psychological Bulletin, 1982, 92, 670–681.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, L. R. Objektive Persönlichkeitsmessung in diagnostischer und klinischer Psychologie. Weinheim: Beltz, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, L. R. Diagnostische Begutachtung. In K.-J. Groffmann and L. Michel (Eds.), Grundlagen psychologischer Diagnostik. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1982, pp. 467–537.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, L. R. Psychologie in der Medizin. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, L. R., and Kessler, B. H. Anamnese. Weinheim: Beltz, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, L. R., Steigerwald, F., and Schneider, H. Diskriminanzanalytische Untersuchungen mit dem MMPI-Saarbrücken zur Drogenabhängigkeit und De­linquenz. In L. H. Eckensberger and U. S. Eckensberger (Eds.), Bericht über den 28. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, Vol. 4. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1974, pp. 199–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, L. R., Häcker, H., and Schwenkmezger, P. Differentialdiagnostische Untersuchungen mit Objek­tiven Persönlichkeitstests und Fragebogen im psy­chiatrischen Bereich. Diagnostica, 1985, 31, 22–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz, J. C., and Getter, H. Parental conflict and dominance in late adolescent maladjustment: A triple interaction model. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1980, 89, 573–580.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwenkmezger, P. Kann durch das Prinzip der Aggregation von Daten die Konsistenzannahme von Eigenschaften beibehalten werden? Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 1984, 5, 251–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seidenstücker, G. Indikation in der Psychotherapie: Entscheidungsprozesse—Forschung—Konzepte und Ergebnisse. In L. R. Schmidt (Ed.), Lehrbuch der Klinischen Psychologie (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: Enke, 1984, pp. 443–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seidenstücker, G., and Baumann, U. Multimethodale Diagnostik. In U. Baumann, H. Berbalk, and G. Seidenstücker (Eds.), Klinische Psychologie: Trends in Forschung und Praxis. Vol. 1. Bern: Huber, 1978, pp. 134–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seligman, M. E. P. Helplessness: On depression, development, and death. San Francisco: Freeman, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, D. A., and Shapiro, D. Meta-analyses of comparative therapy outcome studies: A replication and refinement. Psychological Bulletin, 1982, 92, 581–604.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, D. A., and Shapiro, D. Comparative therapy outcome research: Methodological implications of meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1983, 51, 42–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shontz, F. C. The psychological aspects of physical illness and disability. New York: Macmillan Co., 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shure, M., and Spivack, G. Interpersonal problem-solving in young children: A cognitive approach to prevention. American Journal of Community Psychology, 1982, 10, 341–356.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, H. A. Toward the integration of classification theory and methods. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1981, 90, 68–87.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sloane, R. B., Staples, F. R., Cristol, A. H., Yorkston, N. J., and Whipple, K. Psychotherapy versus behavior therapy. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B., and Lichtenstein, S. Behavioral decision theory. Annual Review of Psychology, 1977, 28, 1–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, D., and Kraft, W. A. DSM-III: Do psychologists really want an alternative? American Psychologist, 1983, 38, 777–785.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M. L., and Glass, G. V. Meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcome studies. American Psychologist, 1977, 32, 752–761.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmeyer, E.-M. Depression. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strahan, R. F. Multivariate analysis and the problem of type I error. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1982, 29, 175–179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, J. S., Gabriel, K. R., Kokes, R. F., Ritzier, B. A., van Ord, A., and Tarana, E. Do psychiatric patients fit their diagnoses? Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1979, 167, 105–113.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strube, M. J., and Hartmann, D. P. A critical appraisal of meta-analysis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1982, 21, 129–139.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sulz, S. K. D., Schubö, W., von Cranach, M., Strauss, A., and Pollwein, B. Probleme diskriminanzanalyti­scher nosologischer Klassifikation auf der Grundlage des AMP-Systems. Diagnostica, 1985, 31, 38–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Szasz, T. S. The myth of mental illness. American Psychologist, 1960, 15, 113–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tack, W. H. Entscheidungsstrategien im diagnostischen Prozess. In L. R. Schmidt (Ed.), Lehrbuch der Klinischen Psychologie. Stuttgart: Enke, 1978, pp. 139–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tack, W. H. Möglichkeiten entscheidungstheoretischer Analysen. In U. Baumann (Ed.), Indikation zur Psychotherapie. Munich: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1981, pp. 127–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thorne, F. C. Diagnostic implications of integrative psychology. In A. R. Mahrer (Ed.), New approaches to personality classification. New York: Columbia Univer­sity Press, 1970, pp. 311–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Townes, B. D., Martin, D. C., Nelson, D., Prosser, R., Pepping, M., Maxwell, J., Peel, J., and Preston, M. Neurobehavioral approach to classification of psy­chiatric patients using a competency model. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1985, 53, 33–42.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Truett, J., Cornfield, J., and Kannel, W. Multivariate analysis of the risk of coronary heart disease in Framingham. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 1967, 20, 511–524.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • von Eye, A. Statistische und methodologische Problem­stellungen psychologischer Präventionsforschung. In J. Brandtstädter and A. von Eye (Eds.), Psychologische Prävention. Bern: Huber, 1982, pp. 305–439.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Zerssen, D. Die Beschwerden-Liste. Weinheim: Beltz, 1976a.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Zerssen, D. Paranoid-Depressivitätsskala. Manual. Weinheim: Beltz, 1976b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiggins, J. S. Clinical and statistical prediction: Where are we and where do we go from here? Clinical Psychology Review, 1981, 1, 3–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, G. T., and Rachman, S. J. Meta-analysis and the evaluation of psychotherapy outcome: Limitations and liabilities. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1983, 51, 54–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E., and Sartorius, N. Measurement and classification of psychiatric symptoms. London: Cambridge University Press, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wing, J. K., Bebbington, P., Hurry, J., and Tennant, C. The prevalence in the general population of disorders familiar to psychiatrists in hospital practice. In J. K. Wing, P. Bebbington, and L. N. Robins (Eds.), What is a case? The problem of definition in psychiatric community surveys. London: Grant McIntyre, 1981a, pp. 45–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wing, J. K., Bebbington, P., and Robins, L. N. (Eds.) What is a case? The problem of definition in psychiatric community surveys. London: Grant McIntyre, 1981b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wittmann, W. W. Der Mangel an multivariaten Betrachtungsweisen in der psychologischen Forschungs­praxis mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Interaktionismus-Debatte. In E. D. Lantermann (Ed.), Wechselwirkungen. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1982, pp. 74–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wittmann, W. W., and Matt, G. E. Meta-Analyse als Integration von Forschungsergebnissen am Beispiel deutschsprachiger Arbeiten zur Effektivität von Psy­chotherapie. Psychologische Rundschau, 1986, 37, 20–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wittmann, W. W., and Schmidt, J. Die Vorhersagbarkeit des Verhaltens aus Trait-Inventaren. Freiburg: For­schungsberichte des Psychologischen Instituts, No. 10, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaworka, W., and Hand, I. Ein individuelles Verlaufs-und Indikation-Modell (IVIM) für (zwangs-) neu­rotische Symptombildungen. In U. Baumann (Ed.), Indikation zur Psychotherapie. Munich: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1981, pp. 89–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zigler, E., and Philips, L. Psychiatric diagnosis and symptomatology. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1961, 63, 69–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zubin, J. Classification of the behavior disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 1967, 18, 373–406.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, M. General and situation-specific traits and states: New approaches to assessment of anxiety and other constructs. In M. Zuckerman and C. D. Spielberger (Eds.), Emotions and anxiety: New concepts, methods, and applications. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, 1976, pp. 133–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwick, R. Assessing the psychometric properties of psychodiagnostic systems: How do the research diagnostic criteria measure up? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1983, 51, 117–131.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Trier, 5500, Trier, Federal Republic of Germany

    Lothar R. Schmidt

Authors
  1. Lothar R. Schmidt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

    John R. Nesselroade

  2. University of Hawaii at Manoa, 96844, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

    Raymond B. Cattell

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schmidt, L.R. (1988). Clinical Psychology. In: Nesselroade, J.R., Cattell, R.B. (eds) Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. Perspectives on Individual Differences. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0893-5_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0893-5_23

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8232-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0893-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation