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Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Times and Imaging in the Pathophysiology of Muscles

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Cell Function and Disease

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Abstract

Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the sophisticated techniques that are becoming enormously important in modern medical practice and research. Due to its ability to provide valuable information on any selected region of the human body in a noninvasive and risk free manner, MR has recently emerged as a powerful diagnostic modality for the detection and evaluation of a number of disorders. 1,2,3,4,5,6 Moreover, it is now the modality of choice in the diagnosis of the neurological diseases. 1,3–5 In general, the medical application of MR has revolved around two complimentary aspects. The first, and by far the widest application is concerned with the anatomic depiction of the living organism at any region of interest in the form of cross sectional images. It utilizes the protons, particularly those in water, and is referred to as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The second application involves acquisition of spectra which may provide quantitative assessment of major metabolites, particularly those containing phosphorus and protons. Significant insights into the biochemical alterations that are caused by disease may be observed by this technique, appropriately called magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Although MRS holds great promise for the future, progress in the field was delayed until high field spectrometers and localization techniques were developed. A discussion of MRS is outside the scope of this review; however, a number of excellent reviews, 7,8,9,10,11,12,13 published recently, summarize the rapid advancement that may expedite the realization of its potential in diagnostic medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA

    L. K. Misra & E. E. Kim

  2. Department of Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA

    C. F. Hazlewood

  3. Exxon Research and Engineering, Baytown, Texas, 77522, USA

    L. W. Dennis

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  1. L. K. Misra
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  2. E. E. Kim
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  3. C. F. Hazlewood
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine, University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico

    L. E. Cañedo

  2. Magnetic Resonance Unit, University Hospital, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico

    L. E. Todd

  3. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA

    L. Packer

  4. International Biomedical Institute, Bari, Italy

    J. Jaz

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Misra, L.K., Kim, E.E., Hazlewood, C.F., Dennis, L.W. (1988). Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Times and Imaging in the Pathophysiology of Muscles. In: Cañedo, L.E., Todd, L.E., Packer, L., Jaz, J. (eds) Cell Function and Disease. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0813-3_38

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