Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV) is a protein of molecular weight 46 000, present in lymph and plasma chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in various species including man (1, 2) and is presently considered as a real apolipoprotein. However, unlike most apolipoproteins, apo A-IV has a low affinity for plasma lipoproteins (3-5). It is a relatively hydrophilic protein with the weakest lipid affinity of any human apolipoprotein (6). It is marginally stable in aqueous solution compared to other apolipoproteins and its lipid binding properties are highly sensitive to the environment (5). It presents high self-association tendancies, mainly as dimer associations. All these special properties could be explained by the structural characteristics of the molecule which presents an association of a highly alpha-helical structure (35-54%) (5, 7) and a strongly hydrophobic domain.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J.B. Swaney, F. Braithwaite and H.A. Eder, Characterization of the apolipoproteins of rat plasma lipoproteins, Biochemistry, 16, 271–278 (1977).
M. Lefevre and P.S. Roheim, Metabolism of apolipoprotein A-IV, J. Lipid Res., 25, 1603–1610 (1984).
U. Beisiegel and G. Utermann, An apolipoprotein homologue of rat apolipoprotein A-IV in human plasma. Isolation and partial characterization, Eur. J. Biochem., 93, 601–608 (1979).
P.H.R. Green, R.M. Glickman, J.W. Riley and E. Quinet, Human apolipoprotein A-IV : intestinal origin and distribution in plasma,, J. Clin. Invest., 65, 911–919 (1980).
R.B. Weinberg and M.S. Spector, The self-association of human apolipoprotein A-IV. Evidence for an In Vivo circulating dimeric form, J. Biol. Chem., 260, 14279–14286 (1985).
R.B. Weinberg, Differences in the hydrophobic properties of discrete alphahelical domains of rat and human apolipoprotein A-IV, Biochim. Biophys. • Acta, 918, 299–303 (1987).
E. Dvorin, N.W. Mantulin, M.F. Rohde, A.M. Jr. Gotto, M.J. Pownall and B.C. Sherrill, Conformational properties of human and rat apolipoprotein A-IV, J. Lipid Res., 26, 38–46 (1985).
C.L. Bisgaier, O.P. Sachdev, L. Megna and R.M. Glickman, Distribution of apolipoprotein A-IV in human plasma, J. Lipid Res., 26, 11–25 (1985).
N.H. Fidge, The redistribution and metabolism of iodinated apolipoprotein A-IV in rats, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 619, 129–141 (1980).
G. Ghiselli, S. Krishnan, Y. Beigel and A.M. Jr. Gotto, Plasma metabolism of apolipoprotein A-IV in humans, J. Lipid Res., 27, 813–827 (1986).
T. Ohta, N.H. Fidge and J. Nestel, Studies on the In Vivo and In Vitro distribution of apolipoprotein A-IV in human plasma and lymph, J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1252–1260 (1985).
Y. Stein, O. Stein, M. Lefevre and P.S. Roheim, The role of apolipoprotein A-IV in reverse cholesterol transport studied with cultured cells and liposomes derived from an ether analog of phosphatidylcholine, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 878, 7–13 (1986).
E. Dvorin, N.L. Gorder, D.M. Benson and A.M. Jr. Gotto, Apolipoprotein A-IV : a determinant lor binding and uptake of high density lipoproteins by rat hepatocytes, J. Biol. Chem., 261. 15714–15718 (1986).
A. Steinmetz and G. Utermann, Activation of Lecithin:CholesteroI Acyl Transferase by human apolipoprotein A-IV, J. Biol. Chem., 260. 2258–2264 (1985).
C.H. Chen and J.J. Albers, Activation of Lecithin:CholesteroI Acyl Transferase by apolipoprotein E-2, E-3, and A-IV isolated from human plasma, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 836, 279–285 (1985).
J.G. Delamatre, G.A. Hoffmeier, A.G. Lacko and P. Roheim, Distribution of apolipoprotein A-IV between the lipoprotein and the lipoprotein-free fractions of rat plasma : possible role of Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyl Transferase, J. Lipid Res., 24, 1578–1585 (1983).
R.B. Weinberg and M.S. Spector, Lipoprotein affinity of human apolipoprotein A-IV during cholesterol esterification, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 135, 756–763 (1986).
C.L. Bisgaier, E.S. Lee, R.M. Glickman, A method to screen apolipoprotein polymorphisms in whole plasma : description of apolipoprotein A-IV variants in dyslipidemias and a reassessment of apolipoprotein A-I in Tangier disease, Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 918, 242–249 (1987).
J.A. Glomset, A.V. Nichols, K.R. Norum, W. King and T. Forte, Plasma lipoproteins in familial Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyl Transferase deficiency. Further studies of very low and low density lipoprotein abnormalities, J. Clin. Invest., 52, 1078–1092 (1973).
G. Hopkins, L.B.F. Chang and P.J. Barter, Role of lipid transfers in the formation of a subpopulation of small high density lipoproteins, J. Lipid Res., 26, 218–229 (1985).
P.J. Barter, G.J. Hopkins, O.V. Rajaram and K.A. Rye, Factors that induce changes in the particle size of high density lipoproteins In “Atherosclerosis VII”, N.H. Fidge and P.J. Nestel, eds, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam (1986).
P. Gambert, C. Lallemant, A. Athias and P. Padieu, Alterations of HDL Cholesterol distribution induced by incubation of human serum, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 713, 1–9 (1982).
P. Gambert, C. Lallemant and E. Louvrier, More on the enlargement of high density lipoproteins induced by incubation of human serum, Atherosclerosis, 53, 221–223 (1984).
K.A. Rye and P.J. Barter, Evidence of the existence of a high density lipoprotein transformation factor in pig and rabbit plasma, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 795, 230–237 (1984).
K.A. Rye and P.J. Barter, Changes in the size and density of human high density lipoproteins promoted by a plasma conversion factor, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 875, 429–438 (1986).
N.M. Pattnaik, A. Montes, L.B. Hughes and D.B. Zilversmit, Cholesteryl exchange protein in human plasma. Isolation and characterization, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 530, 428–438 (1978).
R.B. Weinberg and A.M. Scanu, Isolation and characterization of human apolipoprotein A-IV from lipoprotein-depleted serum, J. Lipid Res., 24, 52–59 (1983).
S. Meunier, P. Gambert, J. Desgres and C. Lallemant, Preparative electrophoresis of human apolipoprotein E : an improved method, J. Lipid Res., 27, 1324–1327 (1986).
J.L. Ellsworth, M.L. Kashyap, R.L. Jackson and J.A.K. Harmony, Human plasma lipid transfer protein catalyzes the speciation of high density lipoproteins, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 918, 260–266 (1987).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gambert, P., Lagrost, L., Athias, A., Bastiras, S., Lallemant, C. (1988). Role of Apolipoprotein A IV in the Interconversion of HDL Subclasses. In: Malmendier, C.L., Alaupovic, P. (eds) Eicosanoids, Apolipoproteins, Lipoprotein Particles, and Atherosclerosis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 243. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0733-4_33
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0733-4_33
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8055-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0733-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive