Abstract
In blood, lipids are transported in complex structures referred to as lipoproteins. These are formed of a monomolecular surface of phospholipids surrounding a core of neutral lipids (cholesterol esters and triglycerides)1. The polar phospholipid surface contains unesterified cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Apolipoproteins play several roles which may be summarized as follows:
-
They participate to the structural stability and to the solubility of lipoprotein particles.
-
Certain apolipoproteins act as effectors of lipolytic enzymes2,3.
-
Apolipoproteins may be recognized by specific receptors4–7.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L.C. Smith, H.J. Pownall, and A.M. Gotto Jr., The plasma lipoproteins. Structure and metabolism, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 47:751 (1978).,
C.J. Fielding, V.G. Shore, and P.E. Fielding, A protein co-factor of lecithin : cholesterol Acyltransferase, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 47:1493 (1972).
J.C. Larosa, R.I. Levy, P.N. Herbert, S.E. Lux, and D.S. Fredrickson, A specific apoprotein activator for lipoprotein lipase, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 41:57 (1970).
J.L. Goldstein, M.S. Brown, The low density lipoprotein pathway and its relation to atherosclerosis, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 46:897(1977).
R.W. Mahley, D.Y. Hui, T.L. Innerarity, and K.H. Weisgraber, Two independent lipoprotein receptors on hepatic membranes of dog, swine and man. Apo-B, E and Apo : E receptors, J. Clin. Invest. 68:1197(1981).
R. Biesbroeck, J.R. Oram, J.J. Albers, and E.L. Bierman, Specific high affinity binding of high density lipoproteins to cultured human skin fibroblasts and arterial smooth muscle cells, J. Clin. Invest.71: 525 (1983).
N.M. Fidge, and P.J. Nestel, Identification of apolipoproteins involved in the interaction of human high density lipoprotein 3 with receptors on cultured cells, J. Biol. Chem. 260:3570 (1985).
J.P. Segrest, R.L. Jackson, J.D. Morrisett, and A.M. Gotto, Jr., A molecular theory of lipid-protein interactions in the plasma lipoproteins, FEBS Lett. 38:247 (1974).
H.J. Pownall, J.B. Massey, S.K. Kusserow, and A.M. Gotto Jr., Kinetics of lipid-protein interactions. Interaction of apolipoprotein A-I from human plasma high density lipoproteins with phosphatidylcholines, Biochemistry 17:1183 (1978).
H.J. Pownall, D. Hickson, and A.M. Gotto, Jr., The free energy of association of lecithin with reduced and carboxymethylated apolipoprotein A-II from human plasma high density lipoprotein, J. Biol. Chem. 256:9849 (1981).
S. Yokoyama, D. Fukushima, J.P. Kupferberg F.J. Kezdy, and E.T. Kaiser, The mechanism of activation of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase by apolipoprotein A-I and an amphiphilic peptide, J. Biol Chem. 255:7333 (1980).
H.J. Pownall, A.M. Gotto Jr., and J.T. Sparrow, Thermodynamics of lipid-protein association and the activation of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase by synthetic model apolipopeptides, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 763:149 (1984).
G. Ponsin, K. Strong, A.M. Gotto, Jr., J.T. Sparrow, H.J. Pownall, In vitro binding of synthetic acylated lipid associating peptides to high density lipoproteins. Effects of hydrophobicity, Biochemistry 23: 5337 (1984).
G. Ponsin, L. Hester, A.M. Gotto, Jr., H.J. Pownall, and J.T. Sparrow, Lipid-peptide association and activation of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase : effect of helicity, J. Biol. Chem. 261:9202 (1986).
P. Kanellis, A.Y. Romans, B.J. Johnson, H. Kercret, R. Chiovetti Jr., T.M. Allen, and J.P. Segrest, Studies of synthetic peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix. Effect of charged amino-acid residue topography on lipid affinity, J. Biol. Chem. 255:11464 (1980).
J.P. Segrest, B.H. Chung, C.G. Brouillette, P. Kanellis, and R. Mc Gahan, Studies of synthetic peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix. Competitive displacement of exchangeable apolipoproteins from native lipoproteins, J. Biol. Chem. 258:2290 (1983).
G.M. Anantharamaiah, J.L. Jones, C.G. Brouillette, C.F. Schmidt, B.H. Chung, T.A. Hughes, A.S. Bhown, and J.P. Segrest, Studies of synthetic peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix, J. Biol. Chem. 260:10248 (1985).
B.H. Chung, G.M. Anantharamaiah, C.G. Brouillette, T. Nishida, and J.P. Segrest, Studies of synthetic peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix. Correlation of structure with function, J. Biol. Chem. 260:10256 (1985).
G.M. Anantharamaiah, Synthetic peptide analogs of apolipoproteins,in: Methods in Enzymology, Plasma lipoproteins, part A, vol. 128, J.P. Segrest and J.J. Albers, eds., Academic Press, Inc. (1986).
H.J. Pownall, A. Hu, A.M. Gotto, Jr., J.J. Albers, and J.T. Sparrow, Activation of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase by a synthetic model lipid-associating peptides, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:3154 (1980).
R.M. Epand, A. Gawish, M. Iqbal, K.B. Gupta, C.H. Chen, J.P. Segrest, and G.M. Anantharamaiah, Studies of synthetic peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix. Effect of charge distribution, hydrophobicity, and secondary structure on lipid association and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activation, J. Biol. Chem. 262:9389 (1987).
G. Ponsin, J.T. Sparrow, A.M. Gotto Jr., and H.J. Pownall, In vivo interaction of synthetic acylated apopeptides with high density lipoproteins in rat, J. CI in. Invest. 77:559 (1986).
G. Ponsin, and H.J. Pownall, Equilibrium of apoproteins between high density lipoprotein and the aqueous phase : modelling of in vivo metabolism, J. Theor. Biol. 112:183 (1985).
S.J.T. Mao, J.T. Sparrow, E.B. Gilliam, A.M. Gotto Jr., and R.L. Jackson, Mechanism of lipid-protein interaction in the plasma lipoproteins lipid-binding properties of synthetic fragments of apolipoprotein A-II, Biochemistry 16:4150 (1977).
A. Fukushima, S. Yokoyama, A.J. Kroon, F.J. Kezdy, and E.T. Kaiser, Chain length function correlation of amphiphilic peptides. Synthesis and surface properties of a tetratetracontrapeptide segment of apolipoprotein A-I, J. Biol. Chem. 255:10651 (1980).
S.C. Rail, Jr., K.H. Weisgraber, R.W. Mahley, Y. Ogama, C.J. Fielding, G. Utermann, J. Haas, A. Steinmetz, H.J. Menzel, and G. Assmann, Abnormal lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase activation by a human apolipoprotein A-I variant in which a single lysine residue is deleted, J. Biol. Chem. 259:10063 (1984).
G. Ponsin, A.M. Gotto, Jr., G. Utermann, and H.J. Pownall, Abnormal interaction of the human apolipoprotein A-I variant (Lys 107→ 0) with high density lipoprotein, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 133:856 (1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ponsin, G. (1988). Relationship Between Structure and Metabolism of HDL Apolipoproteins; Study with Synthetic Peptides. In: Malmendier, C.L., Alaupovic, P. (eds) Eicosanoids, Apolipoproteins, Lipoprotein Particles, and Atherosclerosis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 243. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0733-4_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0733-4_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8055-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0733-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive