Abstract
Transient membrane permeabilization by short high voltage pulses, nowadays called electroporation 1, as opposed to irreversible electric breakdown leading to cell lysis 2 or vesiculation, was at first recognized in 1972.3 Transient membrane electroporation is the fundamental basis of a series of modern electric techniques for the direct gene transfer 1 into all types of cells and microorganisms, for cell electrofusion or for appreciable stimulation of cell growth and cell regeneration. For a review see reference 4. Recently, it was reported that electric pulses mediate the insertion of proteins into electroporated membranes.5
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References
E. Neumann, M. Schaefer-Ridder, Y. Wang, and P.H. Hofschnei- der, Gene transfer into mouse lyoma cells by electroporation in high electric fields, EMBO J. 1: 841–845 (1982).
A. J. H. Sale and W. A. Hamilton, Effects of high electric fields on micro-organisms, III. Lysis of erythrocytes and protoplasts, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 163: 37–43 (1968).
E. Neumann and K. Rosenheck, Permeability changes induced by electric impulses in vesicular membranes, J. Membrane Biol. 10:279–290 (1972),Potential difference across vesicular membranesf J. Membrane Biol. 14: 194–196 (1973).
E. Neumann, The relaxation hysteresis of membrane electroporation, in: “Electroporation and Electrofusion in Cell Biology”, E. Neumann, A. Sowers, C. Jordan, eds. Plenum Press, New York (1989).
Y. Mouneimne, P.F. Tosi, Y. Gazitt, and C. Nicolau, Electro-insertion of xenoglycophorin into the red blood cell membrane, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comn. 159: 34–40 (1989).
H. Wolf, A. Piihler, and E. Neumann, Electrotransformation of intact and osmotically sensitive cells of corynebacterium glutamicum, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 30: 283–289 (1989).
E. Neumann, The electroporation hysteresis, Ferroelectrics 86: 325–333 (1988)
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© 1989 Plenum Press, New York
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Neumann, E., Boldt, E. (1989). Membrane Electroporation: Biophysical and Biotechnical Aspects. In: Allen, M.J., Cleary, S.F., Hawkridge, F.M. (eds) Charge and Field Effects in Biosystems—2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0557-6_32
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0557-6_32
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