Abstract
Organic polymeric flocculants have been used in water purification processes for several decades as coagulant aids or floc builders, after the addition of inorganic coagulants like alum, iron salts or lime. The application of polymers as primary coagulants in cleaning up low quality natural waters for drinking water production by direct filtration and in weighted flocculation is discussed. For industrial wastewaters new information is presented on primary coagulation where separation is based on flotation, the burden of solids to be separated now being much reduced relative to systems utilising inorganic coagulants. As well, the dosage of chemicals overall is reduced, and there is less final sludge. The major advantages in polyelectrolyte use generally are faster processing and much greater operational stabilty and reliability.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Boito, B.A., Soluble polymers in water purification. Progress in Polymer Science,1995, accepted for publication.
Edzwald, J. K., Conventional water treatment and direct filtration: treatment and removal of total organic carbon and trihalomethane precursors. Organic Carcinogens In Drinking Water (N. M. Ram, E. J. Calabrese and R. F. Christman Ed.), p. 208, Wiley, New York, 1986.
Schlauch, R. M., Coagulation for gravity type clarification and thickening. Polyelectrolytes for Water and Wastewater Treatment (W. L. K. Schwoyer Ed.), p. 91, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1981.
Vik, E. A. and Eikebrokk, B., Coagulation process for removal of humic substances from drinking water. Aquatic Humic Substances (L H. Suffet and P. MacCarthy Ed.), p. 385, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, 1989.
Jackson, G. E., Granular media filtration in water and wastewater treatment: Part 2. CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 11, 1–36, 1980.
Bilanovich, B., Shelef, G. and Sukenik, A., Flocculation of microalgae with cationic polymers–effects of medium salinity. Biomass 17, 65–76, 1988.
Haarhoff, J. and Cleasby, J. L., Direct filtration of chlorella with cationic polymer. J. Environ. Eng. 115, 348–366, 1989.
Himberg, K., Keijola, A. M., Hiisvirta, L., Pyysalo, H. and Sivonen, K., The effect of water treatment processes on the removal of hepatotoxins from Microcystis and Oscillatoria cyanobacteria: a laboratory study. Water Research 23, 979–984, 1989.
Philipp, B., Jaeger, W., Gohlke, U., Wandrey, C., Hahn, M., Dietrich, K., Linow, K-J., Dautzenberg, H. and Kötz, J., Ergebnisse Der Polymer-Forschung im Zusammenhang mit der Wasserreinigung. Paperi ja Puu 68, 419–430, 1986.
Demeter, L., Galgoczi, B., Bozzay, E. and Zagyvai, I., Weighted flocculation. US Pat. 3,350,302 (1967) assigned to Nikex Nehézipari Külkereskedelmi Vallalat, Budapest.
Cailleaux, C., Pujol, E., De Dianous, F. and Druoton, J. C., Study of weighted flocculation in view of a new type of clarifier. Aqua 41, 18–27, 1992.
Pujol, E., Vullierme, M., Druoton, J. C. and Sibony, J., Performance of the Actiflow settling process in the Neuilly-sur-Marne plant. Tech., Sci., Methodes: Genie Urbane-Genie Rural 11, 557–562, 1993.
Guibelin, E., Delsalle, F. and Binot, P., High speed settling of stormwater with microsand. Chem. Water Wastewater Treat. III, Proc. Gothenburg Symp., 6th (R. Klute and H. H. Hahn Ed.), p. 307, Springer, Berlin, 1994.
Dixon, D. R. and Kolarik, L. O., The role of colloid and surface chemistry in the SIROFLOC process. Surface and Colloid Chemistry in Natural Waters and Water Treatment (R. Beckett Ed), pp. 103–118, Plenum, New York, 1990.
Bolto, B. A., Magnetic particle technologies for wastewater treatment. Waste Management, 10,11–21, 1990.
Akyel, G., Booker, N., Cooney, E. and Priestley, A., Rapid sewage clarification using magnetite particles. Proc. AWWA Fed. Cony., Australian Water and Wastewater Association, Gold Coast, Vol. 1, pp. 137–144, 1993.
Moore, K. G., Johnson, M. G. and Sistrunk, W. A., Effect of polyelectrolyte treatments on waste strength of snap and dry bean wastewaters. J. Food Sci. 52, 491–492, 1987.
Pariser, E. R. and Lombardi, D. R, A guide to the research literature. Chitin Sourcebook, p. II: L - 1, Wiley, New York, 1989.
Kisla, T. C. and McKelvey, R. D., Color removal from softwood kraft pulp bleach plant effluent by polyamines. Environ. Sci. Technol. 12, 207–211, 1978.
Michelsen, D. L., Fulk, L. L., Woodby, R. M. and Boardman, G. D., Adsorptive and chemical pretreatment of reactive dye discharges. Emerging Technologies In Hazardous Waste Management III (D. W. Tedder and F. G. Pohland Ed.), p. 119, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, 1993.
Türkman, A., Polymer application examples in industrial wastewater treatment. New Developments in Industrial Wastewater Treatment (A. Türkman and O. Uslu Ed.), p. 93, Kluwer Academic, Dortrecht, 1991.
Beeby, J. P., Dixon, D. R., Gray, S. R. and Smitham, J. B., Foam flotation in rolling mill effluent treatment. 15th Fed. Cony. Aust. Water & Wastewater Assoc. Vol. 2, pp. 548–552, Gold Coast, Australia, 1993.
Bolto, B. A., Dixon, D. R., Gray, S. R., Ha, C., Harbour, P. J., Ngoc, L. and Ware, A. J., The use of soluble organic polymers in wastes treatment. Proc. 18th Biennial International Conference, International Assocn. on Water Quality, Singapore, 1996.
Burkert, H., Hartmann, J., Jung, D., Heide, W., Hartmann, H. and Spoor, H., Flocculants based on polymers containing water-soluble dialkylaminoneopentyl (meth)acrylate. US Pat. 4,465,599 (1984), assigned to BASF A.-G.
Sato, S., Cationic polymer coagulant for sludge dewatering. Jpn. Kokai Tokkvo Koho 92 07,100 (1992), assigned to Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
Dixon, D. R., The development of improved methods for the purification of wool scouring effluents to minimise the total cost of treatment and discharge to the sewer. Final Report for Project CPO2, Australian Wool Research and Promotion Organisation, Melbourne, 1994.
Sörensen, J. and Larsson, S. G., Particle separation in wastewater treatment. Chem. Water Wastewater Treat. II, Proc. Gothenburg Symp., 5th (R. Klute and H. H. Hahn Ed.), pp. 181–190, Springer, Berlin, 1992.
Palmer, V., Zhou, R., Geckeler, K. E. and Bayer, E., Removal of phosphate in aqueous solution by permethylated poly(ethyleneimine). Acta Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 22, 231–236, 1994.
G. Tiravanti, G. Macchi, D. Marani, M. Pagano, M. Santon and R. Passino, Heavy Met. Environ., Int. Conf, 5th (T. D. Lekkas Ed), R. 631, Cep Consult., Edinburgh (1985).
L. Campanella, V. Crescenzi, M. Dentini, C. Fabiani, F. Mazzei and A. I. N. Scheffino, Metals Speciation, Separation, And Recovery (J. W. Patterson and R. Passino Ed), Vol. 2, R 359, Lewis, Chelsea (1990).
B. L. Duran, D. S. Ehler and N. N. Sauer, Waste Treat. Technol. News 9 (11), 286 (1994).
H. H. G. Jellinek and M. D. Luh, J. Polym. Sci. A-1 7, 2445–2449 (1969).
K. J. Sasaki, S. L. Burnett, S. D. Christian, E. E. Tucker and J. F. Scamehorn, Langmuir 5, 363–369 (1989).
S. D. Mundkur and J. C. Watters, Sep. Sci. Technol. 28, 1157–1168 (1992).
A. G. Fane, A. R. Awang, M. Bolko, R. Macoun, R. Schofield, Y. R. Shen and F. Zha, Water Sci. Technol. 25, 5–18 (1992).
R-S. Juang and J-F. Liang, J. Mem. Sci. 82, 175–183 (1993).
K. Volchek, E. Krentsel, Y. Zhilin, G. Shtereva and Y. Dytnersky, J. Mem. Sci. 79, 253–272 (1993).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bolto, B.A., Dixon, D.R., Gray, S.R. (1996). Soluble Organic Polymers in Water and Wastewater Treatment. In: Pawłowski, L., Lacy, W.J., Uchrin, C.G., Dudzińska, M.R. (eds) Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment 2. Environmental Science Research, vol 51. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0405-0_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0405-0_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8037-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0405-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive