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Produced Water 2 pp 149–162Cite as

Effects of the Water Soluble Fraction of Crude Oil on Marine Fish Larvae and Crustaceans

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Part of the book series: Environmental Science Research ((ESRH,volume 52))

Abstract

The amount of produced water annually released in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea has been increasing dramatically, exceeding 20 million m3 in 1992. Produced water has become the main contributor to oil discharges from Norwegian offshore operations, and over 2,000 tons of oil are expected to be released in the year 2000 (OLF, 1993). Oil separators are used to keep oil concentrations in discharged water well below the internationally regulated maximum value of 40 mg/liter. However, with the available technology it is not possible to efficiently recover the water soluble components of oil before the production water is released to the marine environment (OLF, 1993). The aromatic fraction, widely considered as the main contributor to both crude oil and produced water toxicity (Shiu et al., 1990, Johnsen et al., 1994) is thus enriched in produced water compared to concentrations in the original crude oil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, N-5024, Bergen, Norway

    Clelia Booman & Lars Føyn

Authors
  1. Clelia Booman
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  2. Lars Føyn
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. IKU Petroleum Research, Trondheim, Norway

    Mark Reed

  2. STATOIL Research and Development Centre, Trondheim, Norway

    Ståle Johnsen

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© 1996 Plenum Press, New York

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Booman, C., Føyn, L. (1996). Effects of the Water Soluble Fraction of Crude Oil on Marine Fish Larvae and Crustaceans. In: Reed, M., Johnsen, S. (eds) Produced Water 2. Environmental Science Research, vol 52. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0379-4_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0379-4_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8025-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0379-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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