Abstract
A 1 MJ energy storage device consisting of six toroidally arranged superconducting coils is under construction at TU München. Each coil is cooled indirectly by supercritical helium in two layers of cooling pipe. All cooling layers are connected in series. The heat input is removed by heat exchangers to keep the coolant’s temperature rise small in normal operation.
The quench of a coil causes high heat input to the helium cooling system which leads to a fast pressure rise, blocks the helium flow and vaporizes the liquid helium pools. A computer program was developed to calculate the coils’ temperature evolution and the helium’s thermodynamic state during normal operation and quench.
The simulation results show that the proposed protection system can detect the quench within 0.01 s and that the coil’s current will be nearly zero after 1 s due to heating and bypass devices. In the case of two coils quenching simultaneously, the peak pressure in the helium tube arises after 3.8 s and can be limited to 3 MPa by pressure relief valves. The maximum helium temperature reaches 70 K within 7 s.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J.F. Kärner, H.W. Lorenzen, F. Rosenbauer, J. Schaller, and R.M. Schöttler, A protection system for small high power SMES with power semiconductors working at cryogenic temperature, to be published in IEEE Trans Appl Supercond. (May 1995).
U. Brarnmer, H.G. Herzog, J.F. Kärner, H.W. Lorenzen, J. Schaller, and R.M. Schöttler, A fast-acting 1 MJ superconducting magnetic energy storage, In Proc ICEM, Paris (3):373 (1994).
P.J. Birkner, U. Brammer, H.W. Lorenzen, J.F. Kärner, W. Rehm, J. Schaller, and R.M. Schöttler, Testing plant with small fast superconducting energy storage at TU München, IEEE Trans Appl Supercond. 3(1):207 (1993).
R.M. Schöttler, Cooling of small SMES system with forced flow supercritical helium, Cryogenics 34(10):825 (1994).
H. Frey and R.A. Haefer. “Tieftemperaturtechnologie,” VDI—Verlag, Düsseldorf (1981).
P.J. Giarratano, V.D. Arp, and R.V. Smith, Forced convection heat transfer to supercritical helium, Cryogenics 11(10):385 (1971).
S.V. Patankar. “Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow,” Hemisphere Publishing Corp., Washington, New York, London (1980).
M. Cornelissen. “The Thermal Stability of Superconductors Cooled by a Turbulent Flow of Supercritical Helium,” Dutch Efficiency Bureau, Pijnacker (1984).
J.F. Kärner, H.W. Lorenzen, and A. Nitsche, Quench initialization and propagation in superconducting magnetic energy storage systems, in: “Advances in Cryogenic Engineering,” 37(A):379 (1992).
P.J. Birkner. “Technical Aspects of Design and Operation of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage in Toroidal Form” (Thesis, in german), Technische Universität München (1994).
A. Geist, A. Beguelin, J. Dongarra, W. Jiang, R. Mancheck, and V. Sunderam. “PVM: Parallel Virtual Machine. A User’s Guide and Tutorial,” MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schöttler, R.M., Lorenzen, H.W. (1996). Temperature and Pressure Rise in Supercritical Helium during the Quench of Indirectly Cooled SC Coils. In: Kittel, P. (eds) Advances in Cryogenic Engineering. A Cryogenic Engineering Conference Publication, vol 41. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0373-2_42
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0373-2_42
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8022-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0373-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive