Abstract
Computer and communication networks have changed the world dramaticall in the 20th century anf will continue to do so in the future. Over the last two decades, optical fibers have revolutionized the communications industry. Researchers have been driven by a vision of accessing a larger fraction of the addroximatelv 50-THz throtetical information bandwidth of single-mode fiber. With the advancement of optical technologies, a wide variety of optical components for building WDM networks have been developed, such as wide-band optical amplifiers (OAs), optical add/drop multiplexers (OADMs) and optical cross-connects (OXCs). A natural approach to utilize the fiber band width efficiently is to partition the usable bandwidth into non-overlapping wavelength bands. Each wavelength, operating at several gigabits per second, is used at the electronic speed of the end-users. The use of wavelengths to route data is referred to as wavelength routing, and a network which employs this technique is known as a wavelength-routed network [1]. In such networks, each connection between a pair of nodes is assigned a path through the network and a wavelength on that path, such that connections whose paths shate a common link in the network are assigned different wavelengths. The optical communication path between two nodes is called a lightpath. All-optical networks employing wavelength-division multiplexing and wavelength routing are a viable solution for futute widearea networks (WANs) and metropolitan-area networks (MANs).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
B. Mukherjee, Optical Communication Networks, Mc-Graw-Hill, NY, NY, 1997.
R. Ramaswami and K.N. Sivarajan, Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective, Morgan-Kaufman, San Francisco, CA, 1998.
B. Mukherjee, D. Banerjee, S. Ramamurthy, A. Mukherjee, “Some Principles for Designing A Wide-Area WDM Optical Network”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 4, No. 5, pp. 684–696, Oct. 1996.
R. Ramaswami, K. N. Sivarajan, “Design of Logical Topologies for Wavelength-Routed Optical Networks”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 14, No. 5, pp. 840–851, Oct. 1996.
G. Jeong and E. Aynoglu, “Comparison of Wavelength-Interchanging and Wavelength-Selective Cross-Connects in Multiwavelength All-Optical Networks”, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM ’96, pp. 156–163, 1996.
B. S. Glance, J. M. Wiesenfeld, U. Koren, and R. W. Wilson, “New Advances in Optical Components Needed for FDM Optical Networks”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 11, No. 5/6, pp. 882–890, May/June 1993.
S. Subramaniam, M. Azizoglu, and A. K. Somani, “All-Optical Networks with Sparse Wavelength Conversion”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol.4, pp. 544–557, Aug. 1996.
J. Yates, J. Lacey, D. Everitt, and M. Summerfield, “Limited-Range Wavelength Translation in All-Optical Networks”, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM ’96, pp. 954–961, March 1996.
X. Zhang and C. Qiao, “Wavelength Assignment for Dynamic Traffic in Multi-fiber WDM Networks”, Proc. ICCCN ’98, pp. 479–485, 1998.
S. Baroni, P. Bayvel, R. Gibbens and S. K. Korotky, “Analysis and Design of Resilient Multifiber Wavelength-Routed Optical Transport Networks”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 743–758, May 1999.
L. Li and A. K. Somani, “Fiber Requirement in Multifiber WDM Networks with Alternate-Path Routing”, Proc. ICCCN ’99, Boston, MA, 1999.
D. Bertsekas and R. Gallager, Data Networks, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1992.
P. C. Wong and H. H. Chan, “Multi-Fiber Linear Lightwave Networks; Design and Implementation Issues”, IEICE Transactions on Communications, Vol. Е77-B, No. 8, pp. 1040–1047, Aug. 1994.
N. Wauters and P. Demeester, “Wavelength Translation in Optical Multi-Wavelength Multi-Fiber Transport Networks,” International Journal of Opto-Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 5370, Jan./Feb. 1997.
M. Alanyali and E. Ayanoglu, “Provisioning Algorithms for WDM Optical Networks,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 7, no. 5, Oct. 1999, pp. 767–778.
H. Obara, H. Masuda, K. Suzuki, and K. Aida, “Multifiber Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Ring Network Architecture for Tera-bit/s Throughput”, Proc. IEEE ICC ’98,Vol. 2, pp. 921–925, June 1998.
T. H. Wu, Fiber Network Service Survivability, Artech House, Norwood, MА, 1992.
T. H. Wu and R. C. Lau, “A Class of Self-Healing Ring Architectures for SONET Network Applications,” Proc. GLOBECOM ’90,pp. 444–451, 1990.
L. Wuttisittikulkij and M. J. O’Mahony, “Multiwavelength Self-Healing Ring Transparent Networks,” Proc. GLOBECOM ’95,pp. 45–49, 1995.
N. Nagatsu, A. Watanabe, S. Okamoto, K. Sato, “Optical Path Cross-Connect System Scale Evaluation Using Path Accommodation Design for Restricted Wavelength Multiplexing”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.14, No. 5, pp. 893–902, June 1996.
N. Nagatsu, A. Watanabe, S. Okamoto, K. Sato, “Architectural Analysis of Multiple Fiber Ring Networks Employing Optical Paths”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol.15, No. 10, pp. 1794–804, Oct. 1997.
G. Li and R. Simha “On the Wavelength Assignment Problem in Multifiber WDM Star and Ring Networks”IEEE INFOCOM ’2000, March, 2000.
R. Ramaswami and K. N. Sivarajan. “Routing and Wavelength assignment in All-Optical Networks”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 489–500, Oct. 1995.
S. Baroni, P. Bayvel, “Wavelength Requirements in Arbitrarily Connected Wavelength-Routed Optical Networks”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 242–51, Feb. 1997.
R. A. Barry and P. A. Humblet, “Models of Blocking Probability in All-Optical Networks with and without Wavelength Changers”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 14, pp. 858–867, June 1996.
R. A. Barry and D. Marquis, “An Improved Model of Blocking Probability in All-Optical Networks”, LEOS 1995 Summer Topical Meeting, pp. 43–44, Aug. 1995.
E. Кarasan and E. Ayanoglu, “Effects of Wavelength Routing and Selection Algorithms on Wavelength Conversion Gain in WDM Optical Networks”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 6, No 2, pp. 186–196, April 1998.
S. Subramaniam and R. Barry, “Dynamic Wavelength Assignment in Fixed Routing WDM Networks”, Proc. IEEE ICC ’97, pp. 406–410, Montreal, Canada, Nov. 1997.
A. Mokhtar and M. Azizoglu, “Adaptive Wavelength Routing in All-Optical Networks”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 197–206, April 1998.
L. Li and A. K. Somani, “A New Analytical Model for Multifiber WDM Networks”, Proc. GLOBECOM ’99, pp. 1007–1011, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, December 1999.
L. Li and A. K. Somani, “Blocking Performance Analysis of Fixed-Paths Least-Congestion Routing in Multifiber WDM Networks“, Proc. SPIE ’99, Boston, MA, 1999.
L. Li and A. K. Somani, “Dynamic Wavelength Routing Using Congestion and Neighborhood Information”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, pp. 779–786, Oct. 1999.
S. Xu, L. M. Li, S. Wang, “Dynamic Routing and Assignment of Wavelength Algorithms in Multifiber Wavelength Division Multiplexing Networks”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 18, No. 10, pp. 2130–2137, Oct. 2000.
G. Mohan, C. S. R. Murthy, “Efficient Algorithms for Wavelength Rerouting in WDM Multi-Fiber Unidirectional Ring Networks”, Computer Communications, Vol.22, No.3, рр.232–43, Feb. 1999.
H. Narai, M. Murata and H. Miyahara, “Performance of Alternate Routing Methods in All-Optical Switching Networks”, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM ’97, Vol. 2, pp. 517–525, April 1997.
S. Ramamurthy and B. Mukherjee, “Fixed-Alternate Routing and Wavelength Conversion in Wavelength-Routed Optical Networks,” Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM ’98, Vol. 4, pp. 2295–2303, Sydney, Australia, Nov. 1998.
M. Kovačevié and A. Acampora, “Benefits of Wavelength Translation in All-Optical Clear-Channel Networks”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,Vol. 14, pp. 868–880, June 1996.
D. Banerjee and B. Mukherjee, “Practical Approaches for Routing and Wavelength Assignment in All-Optical Wavelength-Routed Networks,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 14, pp. 903–908, June 1996.
A. Birman, “Computing Approximate Blocking Probabilities for a Class of All-Optical Networks”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 14, pp. 852–857, June 1996.
A. Birman and A. Кershenbaum, “Routing and Wavelength assignment Methods in Single-Hop All-Optical Networks with Blocking”, Proc. IEEE INFocoM ’95, 1995.
К. Chan, and T. P. Yum, “Analysis of Least Congested Path Routing in WDM Lightwave Networks”, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM ’94, Vol. 2, pp. 962–969, 1994.
E. D. Lowe and D. K. Hunter, “Performance of Dynamic Path Optical Networks”, IEE Proceedings-Optoelectronics, Vol. 144, No. 4, pp. 235–9, Aug. 1997.
L. Li and A. K. Somani, “Dynamic Wavelength Routing Techniques and Their Performance Analyses”, OPTICAL WDM NETWORKS: PRIN-CIPLES AND PRACTICE edited by K. M. Sivalingam and S. Subra-maniam, pp. 247–275, Кluwer Academic Publishers, March 2000.
Thomas E. Stern and Кrishna Bala, Multiwavelength Optical Networks: A Layered Approach, Addison Wesley Longman, March 1999.
H. Zang, J. Jue, B. Mukherjee, “A Review of Routing and Wave-length Assignment Approaches for Wavelength Routed Optical WDM Networks”, Optical Networks Magazine, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 47–60, Jan. 2000.
L. Li, “Dynamic Wavelength Routing in Multifiber WDM Networks,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Comput. Eng., Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Li, L., Somani, A.K. (2001). Multifiber WDM Networks. In: Ruan, L., Du, DZ. (eds) Optical Networks. Network Theory and Applications, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0291-9_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0291-9_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7981-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0291-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive