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The entry of residues into plants via ectodesmata (ectocythodes)

  • Conference paper
Residue Reviews / Rückstands-Berichte

Part of the book series: Residue Reviews ((RECT,volume 38))

Abstract

Foliar absorption is not only of theoretical interest but especially of practical importance. Fifty years back hardly anyone knew anything about the possibility of communication between cells of leaves and the environment by which an exchange of substances both from the outside into the cells and out of them onto the surface of leaves can take place. The cuticle was believed to be a tight covering determined to preserve the living cells of the leaves from some outside influences and to diminish loss of water by transpiration. Today a lot of dissolved substances such as pesticides, growth regulators, and fertilizers are sprayed or dusted on to the surfaces of leaves to act on plant enemies as contact or systemic poisons, or to promote or inhibit growth or abscission. The effects of these applications become visible and measurable. These facts show that the cuticle cannot be the impenetrable covering it was formerly considered. However, apart from a few statements no pores have been detected within the cuticle through which a solution could penetrate the cuticle and the wall in order to be absorbed by the underlying epidermal protoplasts. Therefore, it was thought that the only openings of the epidermal tissue, the stomatal pores, should be the portals of entrance for such solutions. Without mentioning that these pores are normally filled with air, not allowing the entry of aqueous solutions, many leaves do not at all possess guard cells in the upper adaxial epidermis but, nevertheless, do absorb substances through the surface. Shortly after the detection of ectodesmata the concept was born that these seemingly plasmodesmalike structures in the outer epidermal walls could be the pathways of foliar penetration. Following this idea many observations gave evidence that these structures may participate in the process of foliar absorption and also that of foliar excretion.

The survey of literature pertaining to this review was concluded in September 1970.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Landwirtschaftliche Botanik, Universität Bonn, 53 Bonn 1, Meckenheimer Allee 176, West Germany

    Wolfgang Franke

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  1. Wolfgang Franke
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA

    Francis A. Gunther  & Jane Davies Gunther  & 

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Franke, W. (1971). The entry of residues into plants via ectodesmata (ectocythodes). In: Gunther, F.A., Gunther, J.D. (eds) Residue Reviews / Rückstands-Berichte. Residue Reviews, vol 38. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9818-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9818-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9820-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-9818-2

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