Abstract
Several groups’ efforts, including our own, led to modern respiratory resuscitation in the 1950s and circulatory resuscitation in the 1960s. These efforts included the development of effective, teachable, and potentially universally available methods for establishing arterial oxygen transport in the dying or clinically dead person. The target organ for resuscitation and critical care is the human brain with mentation. Thus, the logical third phase, brain resuscitation, has begun in the 1970s. Chapters 27 to 29 summarize brain resuscitation research by the Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine at the University Health Center of Pittsburgh (UHCP) between June 1970 and July 1976.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Safar P: Mechanisms of acute dying and its reversal. In Schwartz G (ed): Principles and Practice of Emerg Medicine. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1977, Chap 2
Safar P: Acute central nervous system failure. In Schwartz G (ed): Princ. and Practice of Emerg Med. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1977, Chap 5
Norris JR, et al: Anoxic brain damage after cardiac resuscitation. J Chronic Dis 24: 585, 1971
Bell JA, Hodgson JHF: Coma after cardiac arrest. Brain 97: 361, 1974
Schaffer WA, Cobb LA: Recurrent ventricular fibrillation and modes of death in survivors of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. N Engl J Med 293: 259, 1975
Bengtsson M, et al: A psychiatric-psychological investigation of patients who had survived circulatory arrest. Acta Psychiat Scand 45: 327, 1969
Barber RE, et al: A prospective study in patients with irreversible brain damage. N Engl J Med 283: 1478, 1970
Lucas BGB: Cerebral anoxia and neurologic sequelae after cardiac arrest. In Stephenson HE (ed): Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation, 4th ed. St. Louis, Mosby, 1974, pp 681–707
Johnson AL, et al: Results of cardiac resuscitation in 552 patients. Am J Cardiol 20: 831, 1967
Lund I, Skulberg A: Resuscitation of cardiac arrest by doctor-manned ambulance service in Oslo. Proceedings of the National Conference on Standards for CPR and ECC, May 1973. Dallas, American Heart Association, 1975
Branson R, Casebeer K, Levine MD, et al: The Quinlan decision. Hastings Center Rep 6 /1: 8, 1976
Safar P: Guidelines for humanizing resuscitation and intensive care. Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual Meeting, Boston, February 18-24, 1976. JAMA 235: 2182, 1976
Safar P: International Symposium. Resuscitation: Controversial Aspects. Heidelberg, Springer- Verlag, 1963
Lund I, Lind B (eds): Aspects of resuscitation. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Emergency Resuscitation, Oslo, Norway, May 1967. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand (Suppl) 29:1, 1968
Beecher HK: A definition of irreversible coma. Report of the ad hoc committee of the Harvard Medical School to examine the definition of brain death. JAMA 205: 337, 1968
Wecht CH: Determination of death. Bull Alle-gheny County Med Soc 58: 29, 1969
Grenvik A: Evaluation and management of brain dead patients. In Weil MH, Shubin H (eds): Critical Care Medicine Handbook. New York, Kolen, 1974
Loughhead M, Leon M, Snyder JV, et al: ICU patient categorization. Crit Care Med 4: 108, 1976
Negovskii VA: Reanimatology. The science of resuscitation. In Stephenson HE (ed): Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation, 4th ed. St. Louis, Mosby, 1974, Chap 1
Safar P: Brain homeostasis in critical care medicine. In Proceedings of the Annual Critical Care Medicine Symposia. Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Division of Postgraduate Education, 1970 - 1975
Safar P, Kampschulte S: Some central nervous system considerations in resuscitation. In Advances in Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation/ Proceedings of the Third European Congress of Anaesthesiology, Prague, 1970, Vol. 2. Prague, Avicenum Czechoslovak Medical Press, 1972, pp 1343–1346
Safar P: Maintenance of brain homeostasis in critical care. In 1973 Annual Refresher Course Lectures, American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting, San Francisco, October 7–11, 1973. Section 217, pp 1–11. Chicago, Am Soc Anesthesiologists, 1973
Gurvitch AM: Determination of the depth and reversibility of postanoxic coma in animals. Resuscitation 3: 1, 1974
Lind B, Snyder J, Kampschulte S, et al: A review of total brain ischaemia models in dogs and original experiments on clamping the aorta. Resuscitation 4: 19, 1975
Safar P, Benson DM, Berkebile PE, et al: Teaching and organizing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In Safar P (ed): Public Health Aspects of Critical Care Medicine and Anesthesiology. Philadelphia, Davis, 1974, Chap 7
Kirimli B, Harris LC, Safar P: Sodium bicarbonate and epinephrine in cardiac resuscitation. Anesthesiology 25: 105, 1964
Kampschulte S, Smith J, Safar P: Oxygen transport after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation, Vol 30. Berlin- Heidelberg-New York, Springer-Verlag, 1969, p 95
Kampschulte S, Morikawa S, Safar P: Recovery from anoxic encephalopathy following cardiac arrest. Fed Proc 28: 522, 1969
Kirimli B, Harris LC, Safar P: Evaluation of sodium bicarbonate and epinephrine in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Anesth Analg 48: 649, 1969
Redding J, Voigt C, Safar P: Drowning treated with IPPB. J Appl Physiol 15: 849, 1960
Redding J, Cozine R, Voigt G, et al: Resuscitation from drowning. JAMA 178: 1139, 1961
Kirimli B, Safar P: Arterial versus venous transfusion in cardiac arrest from exsanguination. Anesth Analg 44: 819, 1965
Farmati O, Kampschulte S, Kirimli B, et al: Retinal observations in dying and resuscitation. Anesthesiology 29: 189, 1968
Takaori M, Safar P: Treatment of massive hemorrhage with colloid and crystalloid solutions. JAMA 199: 297, 1967
Snyder J, Lind B, Safar P: Cerebral variables following 15 minutes of circulatory arrest in dogs. Fed Proc 31: 666, 1972
Lind B, Snyder J, Safar P: Total brain ischaemia in dogs. Cerebral physiological and metabolic changes after 15 minutes of circulatory arrest. Resuscitation 4: 97, 1975
Snyder JV, Nemoto EM, Carroll RG, et al: Global ischemia in dogs. Intracranial pressures, brain blood flow, and metabolism. Stroke 6: 21, 1975
Bleyaert A, Morita H, Carroll R, et al: A method for total brain ischemia (TBI) without circulatory arrest in the Rhesus monkey. Physiologist 16: 267, 1973
Nemoto E, Bleyaert A, Stezoski W, et al: Postishemic encephalopathy (PIE). A long-term monkey model for therapy evaluation. Fed Proc 34: 384, 1975
Nemoto E, Bleyaert AL, Morita H, et al: Global brain ischemia. A simple, noninvasive method in the Rhesus monkey. In preparation
Nemoto EM, Bleyaert AL, Stezoski SW, et al: Global brain ischemia. A reproducible monkey model. Stroke, in press
Moossy J, Rao R, Nemoto EM, et al: Postishemic histopathologic brain changes in treated and untreated animals. Crit Care Med 4: 133, 1976
Bleyaert AL, Nemoto E, Stezoski SW, et al: Amelioration of post-ischemic encephalopathy by sodium thiopental after 16 minutes of global brain ischemia in monkeys. Physiologist 18: 145, 1975
Nemoto EM, Erdmann W, Strong E: Regional brain Po2 after 16 minutes of global cerebral ischemia in monkeys. Crit Care Med 4: 129, 1976
Bandaranayake NM, Nemoto E: Rat brain osmolality during ischemic anoxia. Physiologist 18: 128, 1975
Mickell JJ, Cook, DR, Reigel DH, et al: Intracranial pressure-monitoring in Reye-Johnson syndrome. Crit Care Med 4: 1, 1976
Mickell JJ, Reigel DH, Cook DR, et al: Intracranial pressure monitoring and normalization therapy in children. Pediatrics 59: 606, 1977
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1977 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Safar, P. (1977). Introduction to Chapters 27–29 Resuscitation of the Arrested Brain. In: Safar, P., Elam, J.O. (eds) Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6338-8_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6338-8_27
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6340-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-6338-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive