Abstract
This chapter describes an initial extension of the concurrent responses-concurrent schedules analysis to include standard and not so standard classical conditioning procedures. Classical conditioning surely enjoys an extensive history within experimental psychology, with precursor associationistic formulations apparent throughout the history of philosophy and metaphysics (e.g., Descartes, Locke, Hobbes, J. S. Mill, etc.; excellent reviews by Jones, 1952; Boring, 1957). The physiology and psychology of reflexive behavior separated from the philosophy of mentalistic associations with the early work on unconditioned reflexes by Sherrington (1906) and Sechenov (1935; also Creed et al., 1932). The extraordinary accomplishment of Pavlov was the systematic elaboration of the unconditioned reflex model (unconditioned stimulus—unconditioned response) into the now familiar model of conditioned reflexes (conditioned stimulus-conditioned response; unconditioned stimulus-unconditioned response). The conditioned or acquired reflexes were optimistically offered as factual alternatives to “the fantastic speculations as to the existence of any possible subjective state in the animal which may be conjectured on analogy with ourselves” (Pavlov, 1927, p. 161). As noted by Razran (1957), the Pavlovian conception of conditioned reflexes was pointedly aimed at scrapping the mentalistic states and faculties then serving as explanations of behavior. Although Pavlov’s repeated warnings (Pavlov, 1906, 1927, 1932) against philosophical explanations are frequently ignored by Western psychologists, the Sherringtonian reflex model remains the basic analytic unit for classical conditioning by Soviet and Eastern European investigators (Konorski, 1948, 1967; Bykov, 1958; Sokolov, 1960).
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Henton, W.W. (1978). Response Patterning in Classical Conditioning. In: Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6310-4_7
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