Abstract
Studies of erythropoiesis suffered in the past from the lack of a suitable in vitro system in which the biology of erythropoietic cells could be studied under defined conditions, on one hand, and in which mass cultures would be possible, on the other hand, so that molecular biology could also enter the picture. When Charlotte Friend showed that explants of transplantable subcutaneous tumors, originated from virus-induced murine leukemic spleens and/or livers and adapted to grow in vitro, consistently gave rise to tissue culture lines able to differentiate only along the erythroid pathway, the first step had been made toward this goal.1,2 There were, however, two unfortunate reasons why studies of this system were hindered for some time: (a) the percentage of differentiating cells was too low to allow any molecular biology analysis, and (b) the cultured cells were not sensitive to erythropoietin, which meant that erythropoiesis in this system was not the exact counterpart of the physiological pattern. It was only a few years later that Friend cells became a most popular tool for biologists and molecular biologists engaged in studies of erythropoiesis. This was due to Charlotte Friend’s3 demonstration that the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to cultures of Friend cells caused a massive shift toward more differentiated stages of erythropoiesis. Although the precise mechanism of this phenomenon is still unknown, the availability of a cell population whereby 70 to 80% of the cells would engage at will in quasiterminal erythroid differentiation immediately prompted an avalanche of studies dealing with several aspects of erythropoiesis. Temin’s4 and Baltimore’s5 discovery of reverse transcriptase made possible, in addition, in vitro synthesis of radioactive complementary DNAs (cDNAs) to a given RNA probe. In erythropoiesis this meant the synthesis of the globin cDNA,6 and thus, the possibility of exact measurements of globin mRNA amounts in the Friend system.
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Cioé, L. et al. (1978). Potential for Differentiation, Virus Production, and Tumorigenicity in Murine Erythroleukemic Cells Treated with Interferon. In: Murphy, M.J., Peschle, C., Gordon, A.S., Mirand, E.A. (eds) In Vitro Aspects of Erythropoiesis. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6301-2_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6301-2_26
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