Electrocautery

Abstract

Heated metal, such as a soldering iron, a soldier’s sword, or even a whaler’s lance has been used for centuries as a “cleansing” cautery. Cautery is derived from the Greek word kautérion (branding iron); this, in turn, comes from kaiein (to burn). When tissue is cauterized microorganisms are destroyed and bleeding is controlled. Fine cautery tips, in the form of wire loops or blades, may be used for cutting. In the past the metal tip of the cautery was heated by fire. Electrocautery simply involves heating the metal tip by electricity. Heat develops due to ohmic resistance to the passage of electric current. Electrocautery should not be considered a form of electrosurgery; the latter term refers only to surgery accomplished by the application of high frequency current with a cold electrode.