Abstract
It is generally agreed that destruction of a kidney transplant from a non-related donor (allograft) is a specific immune phenomenon, which depends upon the integrity (immuno-competence) of the cells of the patient’s immune system. Figure 10-1 shows the cells associated with the immune system; Figure 10-2, the cell lines associated with the inflammatory response, which is suppressed by the immunosuppressive drugs that prevent rejection of the transplant; and Figure 10-3, the structure of the immunoglobulins, which are similar to and probably function as antibodies.
Like following life through creatures you dissect, You lose it in the moment you detect. Alexander Pope
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Borum K. and Berglund, K.: Studies on the induction phase of antibody formation. In Molecular and Cellular Basis of Antibody Formation ( J. Stenzl, et al., eds.). Academic Press, New York, 1965, p. 405.
Brendel, W.: The clinical use of ALG. Transplant. Proc., 3: 280, 1971.
Calne, R. Y. and Murray, J. E.: Inhibition of the rejection of renal homografts in dogs by Burroughs Wellcome, 57–322. Surg. Forum, 12: 118, 1961.
Chatterjee, S. N.: Antirejection drugs and procedures. Amer. J. Surg. 126: 678, 1973.
Chatterjee, S. N.: Antithymocyte globulin in renal transplant recipients. Arch. Surg. 111: 680, 1976.
Cronkite, E. P. and Chanana, A. D.: Ionizing radiation in human transplantation. In Human Transplantation ( F. T. Rapaport and J. Dausset, eds.). Grune & Stratton, New York, 1968, p. 423.
Elion, G. B., Burgi, E., and Hitchings, G. H.: Studies on the condensed pyrimidine systems, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 74: 411, 1952.
Everett, N. B., Schwerz, M. R., et al.: Fed. Proc. 29: 212, 1970.
Finkelstein, F. O. and Black, H. R.: Risk factor analysis in renal transplantation. Amer. J. Med. Sci. 267: 159, 1974.
Fish, J. C., Sarles, H. E., Remmers, A. R., Jr., et al.: Circulating lymphocyte depletion in preparation for renal allotransplantation, Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 128: 777, 1969.
Foster, R. N.: Local graft irradiation as an adjunct to pharmacologic immunosuppression. J.Surg. Res. 16: 147, 1974.
Goodwin, W. E., Mims, M. M., and Kaufman, J. J.: Human renal transplantation, Trans. Am. Assoc. Genitourin, Surg. 54: 116, 1962.
Goodwin, N. E., Kaufman, J. J., Mims, M. M., et al.: Human renal transplantation: Clinical experiences with 6 cases of renal homotransplantation, J. Urol. 89: 13, 1963.
Hamburger, J., Vaysse, J., Crossnier, J., et al.: Renal homotransplantation in man after radiation of the recipient, Amer. J. Med. 32: 854, 1972.
Hamburger, J., Crosnier, J., Dormont, J., et al.: Renal Transplantation Theory and Practice. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1972, p. 85.
Hume, D. M., Merrill, J. P., and Miller, G. F.: Homologous transplantation of human kidneys. J. Clin. Invest. 21: 640, 1952.
Kincaid-Smith, P., Saker, B. M., and Fairley, R. R.: Anticoagulant in “irreversible” acute renal failure. Lancet 2: 1360, 1968.
Kuss, R., Legrain, M., Mathe, F., et al.: Quelques Essais de greffe de rein chez l’homme. Mem. Acad. Chir. 77: 755, 1951.
Levey, R. H., and Medawar, P. B.: Some experiments on the action of antilymphoid antisera. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 129: 164, 1966.
MacDonald, A., Busch, G. J., Alexander, J. L., et al.: Heparin and aspirin in the treatment of hyperacute rejection of renal allografts in presensitized dogs. Transplantation 9: 1, 1970.
McDonald, R. D., Horensten, M. L., Schorr, M. A., et al.: A randomized controlled, prospective study of the effect of alternate-day Prednisone on renal transplant function, Proc. Dial. Trans. Forum 2: 5, 1972.
McGrath, B. P., Ibels, L. S., Raik, E, et al.: Erythroid toxicity of azathioprine. Quart. J. Med. 44 (173): 57, 1975.
Mitchison, N. A.: Mechanism of action of antilymphocyte serum. Fed. Proc. 29: 222, 1970.
Nakajima, N., Rao T. K. S., Sakai, A., et al.: Effects of intravenous bolus dosages of methylprednisolone and local irradiation on renal allograft rejection and patient mortality. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 144: 63, 1977.
Oberman, A. and Chatterjee, S. N.: Ocular complications in renal transplant recipients. West. J. Med. 123: 184, 1975.
Persson, B., Rosengren, B., Olander, R., et al.: Preoperative extracorporeal irradiation of the blood as adjunct immunosuppressive in human transplantation. Ann. Surg. 774: 802, 1971.
Potter, D. E., Holliday, M. A., Wilson, C. J., et al.: Alternate-day steroids in children after renal transplantation, Transplant. Proc. 7 (1): 79, 1975.
Sadeghi-Nejad, A. and Senior, B.: Adrenal function, growth and insulin in patients treated with corticoids on alternate days. Pediatrics 43: 277, 1969.
Samuelson, J. S., Fisher, B., and Fisher, E. R.: Prolonged survival of skin homografts in dogs with thoracic duct fistula. Surg. Forum 14: 192, 1963.
Sarles, H. E., Remmers, A. R., Jr., Fish, J. C., et al.: Depletion of lymphocytes for the protection of renal allografts, Arch. Int. Med. 125: 443, 1970.
Schwartz, R. and Dameshek, W.: Drug induced immunologic tolerance, Nature 183: 1682, 1959.
Sheil, A. G. R., Kelly, G. E., Mears, D., et al.: Antilymphocytic globulin in patients with renal allografts from cadaveric donors, Lancet 2: 227, 1973.
Simmons, R. L., Kjellstrand, C. M., and Najarian, J. S.: Technique, Complications and 34. Results. In Transplantation ( J. S. Najarian and R. L. Simmons, eds.). Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1972, p. 445.
Simmons, R. L., Condie, R., and Najarian, J. S.: Antilymphoblast globulin for renal allograft prolongation. Transplant. Proc. 4 (4): 487, 1972.
Starzl, T. E., Marchioro, T. L., Porter, K. A., et al.: The use of heterologous antilymphoid agents in canine renal and liver homotransplantation and in human renal homotransplantation. Surg. Gyn. Obstet. 124: 301, 1967.
Starzl, T. E., Groth, C. G., Putnam, C. W., et al.: Cyclophosphamide for clinical renal and hepatic transplantation. Transplant. Proc. 5 (1): 511, 1973.
Stevens, L. E., Freeman, J. S., Keutel, H., et al.: Preparation and clinical use of antithymocyte globulin. Amer. J. Surg. 116: 795, 1968.
Thomas, J., Thomas, F., Wolfe, J. S., et al.: ATG of high immunosuppressive potency and low toxicity for clinical use. Transplant. Proc. 7 (Suppl. 1): 789, 1975.
Tilney, N. L., Atkinson, J. C., and Murray, J. E.: The immunosuppressive effect of thoracic duct drainage in human kidney transplantation. Ann. Intern. Med. 72: 59, 1970.
Tunner, W. S., Carbone, P. P., Blaylock, K., et al.: Effect of thoracic duct lymph drainage on immune response in man. Surg. Gyn. Obstet. 121: 334, 1965.
Turcotte, J. G., Feduska, N. J., Carpenter, E. W., et al.: Rejection crises in human renal transplant recipients. Arch. Surg. 105: 230, 1972.
Turcotte, J. G., Feduska, N. J., Haines, R. F., et al.: Antithymocyte globulin in renal transplant recipients. Arch. Surg. 106: 484, 1973.
Vineyard, G. C., Fadem, S. Z., Dmochowski, J., et al.: Evaluation of corticosteroid therapy for acute renal allograft rejection. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 138: 225, 1974.
Weeke, E. and Henriksen, B.: Extracorporeal irradiation of the blood. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 82: 889, 1974.
Woodruff, M. F. A.: Transplantation of Tissues and Organs. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill., 1960.
Woodruff, M. F. A. and Anderson, N. F.: Effect of lymphocyte depletion by thoracic duct fistula and administration of antilymphocytic serum on the survival of skin homografts in rats. Nature 200:102,. 1963.
Woodruff, M. F. A., Robson, J. S., Nolan, B., et al.: Homotransplantation of kidneys in patients treated by preoperative local irradiation and postoperative administration of Imuran. Lancet 2: 675, 1963.
Woods, J. E., Palumbo, P. J., Johnson, W. J., et al.: Use of intravenous methylprednisolone in transplantation of diabetics. Transplant. Proc. 7 (1): 89, 1975.
Zukoski, C. F., Lee, H., and Hume, D. M.: The prolongation of functional survival of canine renal homografts by 6-MP. Surg. Forum 12: 118, 1960.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1979 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chatterjee, S.N. (1979). Immunosuppressive Drugs. In: Manual of Renal Transplantation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6139-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6139-1_10
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6141-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-6139-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive