Abstract
During a hundred million years a given locale on Earth may slowly sink below sea level, then rise to mountain heights, be temporarily covered by glaciers, be eroded, and finally subjected to aridity. Chronosequences deal with brief segments of geological history.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alexander, E. B. 1974. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 38: 121–124.
Arkley, R. J. 1964. Soil Survey of the Eastern Stanislaus area, California. U.S.D.A., S.C.S. Soil Surv. 1957, No. 20.
Bartholomew, W. V., and D. Kirkham. 1960. Trans. 7th Int. Congr. Soil Sci 2: 471–477.
Birkeland, P. W. 1968. In Means of Correlation of Quaternary Successions, R. B. Morrison and H. E. Wright, Jr., eds., pp. 469-500. Congr. Int. Ass. Quat. Res. 8.
Birkeland, P. W. 1974. Pedology, Weathering and Geomorphological Research. Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
Birkeland, P. W., and R. J. Janda. 1971. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 82: 2495–2514.
Braun-Blanquet, J., and H. Jenny. 1926. Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges. 63: 183–349.
Burges, A., and D. P. Dover. 1953. Aust. J. Bot. 1: 83–94.
Clements, F. E. 1928. Plant Succession and Indicators. Wilson, New York.
Crocker, R. L., and J. Major. 1955. J. Ecol. 43: 427–448.
Davis, W. M. 1909. Geographical Essays. Ginn, Boston.
Dickson, B. A., and R. L. Crocker. 1953/1954. J. Soil Sci. 4: 123–154; 5: 173-191.
Drury, W. H., and I. C. T. Nisbet. 1973. J. Arnold Arb. 54: 331–368.
Franzmeier, D. P., and E. P. Whiteside. 1963. A Chronosequence of Podzols in Northern Michigan. Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta. Quart. Bull. 46.
Gardner, R. A. 1967. Sequence of podsolic soils along the coast of northern California. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of California, Berkeley. Univ. Microfilms, Ann Arbor, MI.
Glauser, R. 1967. The ecosystem approach to the study of the Mt. Shasta mud flows. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of California, Berkeley.
Goh, K. M., T. A. Rafter, J. D. Stout, and T. W. Walker. 1976. J. Soil Sci. 27: 89–100.
Grant, V. 1975. Genetics of Flowering Plants. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
Haas, H. J., and C. E. Evans. 1957. Nitrogen and Carbon Changes in Great Plains Soils as Influenced by Cropping and Soil Treatments. U.S.D.A. Techn. Bull. 1164.
Hansen, R. O., and E. L. Begg. 1970. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 8: 411–419.
Harradine, F. F. 1950. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 14: 302–311.
Hay, R. L. 1960. Am. J. Sci. 258: 354–368.
Hénin, S., and G. Pedro. 1965. In Experimental Pedology, E. G. Hallsworth and D. V. Crawford, eds., pp. 29–39. Butterworths, London.
Jackson, M. L., T. W. M. Levelt, J. K. Syers, R. W. Rey, R. N. Clayton, G. D. Sherman, and G. Uehara. 1971. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 35: 515–525.
Jackson, M. L., F. R. Gibbons, J. K. Syers, and D. L. Mokma. 1972. Geoderma 8: 147–163.
Jackson, M. L., D. A. Gillette, E. F. Danielsen, I. H. Blifford, R. A. Bryson, and J. K. Syers. 1973. Soil Sci. 116: 135–145.
Jansson, S. L. 1958. K. Lantb. Högsh. Ann. 24: 101–361.
Jenny, H. 1941. Factors of Soil Formation. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Jenny, H. 1965. Z. Pfl. Düng. Bod. 109: 97–112.
Jenny, H., A. E. Salem, and J. R. Wallis. 1968. In Soil Organic Matter and Soil Fertility, P. Salviucci, ed., pp. 5–37. Pont. Acad. Sci. Scripta var. 32, Vatican.
Jenny, H., R. J. Arkley, and A. M. Schultz. 1969. Madrono 20: 60–74.
Kellogg, C. E., and I. J. Nygard. 1951. The Principal Soil Groups of Alaska. U.S.D.A., Agr. Monogr. 7.
Loucks, O. L. 1970. Am. Zool. 10: 17–25.
Major, J. 1974. In Vegetation Dynamics, R. Knapp, ed., pp. 207–213. W. Junk, The Hague.
Mandelbrot, B. B., and J. R. Wallis. 1968. Water Resourc. Res. 4: 909–918.
Martel, Y. A., and E. A. Paul. 1974. Can. J. Soil Sci. 54: 419–426.
Mercanton, P. L. 1940s-1950s. Les Alpes, Berne, Switzerland.
Meyer, B., and E. Kalk. 1964. In Soil Micromorphology, A. Jongerius, ed., pp. 109–129. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Mirsky, A. (ed.). 1966. Soil Development and Ecological Succession in a Deglaciated Area of Muir Inlet, Southeast Alaska. Inst. Polar. Stud., Res. Found. Rept. 20, Columbus, OH.
Mokma, D. L., M. L. Jackson, and J. K. Syers. 1973. J. Soil Sci. 24: 199–214.
Odum, E. P. 1971. Fundamentals of Ecology, 3d ed. Saunders, Philadelphia.
Olson, J. S. 1958. The Bot. Gaz. 119: 125–170.
Raven, P. H. 1964. Evolution 18: 336–338.
Rex, R. W., J. K. Syers, M. L. Jackson, and R. N. Clayton. 1969. Science 163: 277–279.
Saitô, T. 1955. Tohoku Univ., 4th ser. Biol. 21: 145–157.
Salisbury, E. J. 1952. Downs and Dunes: Their Plant Life and Its Environment. G. Bell, London.
Schultz, A. M. 1969. In The Ecosystem Concept in Natural Resource Management, G. M. Van Dyne, ed., pp. 77–93. Academic Press, New York.
Syers, J. K., and T. W. Walker. 1969. J. Soil Sci. 20: 57–64.
Syers, J. K., J. A. Adams, and T. W. Walker. 1970. J. Soil Sci. 21: 146–153.
Tedrow, J. C. F. 1977. Soils of the Polar Landscapes. Rutgers Univ. Press, New Brunswick, NJ.
Ugolini, F. C. 1968. In Biology of Alder, J. M. Trappe, et al., eds., pp. 115–140. Pacific N. W. For. Range Exp. Sta., Portland, OR.
Van Devender, T. R., and W. G. Spaulding. 1979. Science 204: 701–710.
Viereck, E. 1959. Small mammal populations in Mt. McKinley National Park, Alaska. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Colorado, Boulder, CO.
Viereck, L. A. 1966. Ecol. Monogr. 36: 181–199.
Vitousek, P. M., and W. A. Reiners. 1975. Bio Science 25: 376–381.
Walker, T. R. 1967. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 78: 353–368.
Walker, T. W., and J. K. Syers. 1976. Geoderma 15: 1–19.
Webley, D. M., D. J. Eastwood, and C. H. Gimingham. 1952. J. Ecol. 40: 168–178.
Wells, N. 1959. N. Zeal Inst. Agr. Sci. Proc. 40-44.
Westman, W. E. 1975. Ecol. Monogr. 45: 109–135.
Westman, W. E., and R. H. Whittaker. 1975. J. Ecol. 63: 493–520.
Whittaker, R. H. 1970. Communities and Ecosystems. Macmillan, New York.
Wohlrab, G., and R. W, Tuveson. 1965. Am. J. Bot. 52: 1050–1058.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1980 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jenny, H. (1980). The Time Factor of System Genesis. In: The Soil Resource. Ecological Studies, vol 37. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6112-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6112-4_9
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6114-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-6112-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive