Abstract
Classification of Murmurs (according to Keck)
Heart Murmur
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Grade 1
The faintest murmur that is audible after a few seconds of careful auscultation, during apnea, or in a noise-free environment.
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Grade 2
The murmur is somewhat louder and can be heard immediately, even during respiration.
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Grade 3
Moderately loud murmur, never accompanied by a thrill.
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Grade 4
Loud murmur, usually with thrill.
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Grade 5
Very loud murmur; it is audible only if the stethoscope is in contact with the thorax.
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Grade 6
Loudest possible murmur; it can be heard with the stethoscope 1 cm from the thorax.
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© 1980 Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg
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Ewerbeck, H. (1980). Heart Murmurs. In: Differential Diagnosis in Pediatrics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6074-5_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6074-5_10
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