Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Complexions of Baryon and Lepton Number Violations Within Maximal Symmetries

  • Chapter
Book cover The Second Workshop on Grand Unification

  • 30 Accesses

Abstract

Scenarios for filling the grand plateau between 102 and 1015 GeV with elementary or composite structures are outlined. Some of the associated experimental consequences, which would be of importance for future high energy accelerators and cosmic ray physics, are listed. Observing that grand unification based on maximal symmetries permit intermediate mass-scales as low as about 103–105 GeV, the origin of baryon, lepton and fermion number-violations within maximally gauged symmetries and the complexions of these violations arising within such symmetries are noted. In particular it is noted that maximal symmetries permit not only (B-L)-conserving proton-decay mode (p→e+πO etc.), but also (B-L)-violating modes, i.e. p→+e−+pions, p→3e+pions and p→3e+pions, as well as n-ǹ-oscillations and neutrinoless double ß-decay. This is in contrast to nonmaximal symmetries such as SU(5) and SO(10). where the possible existence of these modes is not permitted. The relative rates of the various B,L-violating processes depend on the pattern of spontaneous breakdown of the maximal symmetry. For the special case that the maximal symmetry breaks through a single mass scale toSU(2)xU(1)xSU(3)col the standard result that there exists a grand “desert” and that the (B-L)-conserving modes (p→>e+πO, etc.) should dominate, with sin2 ϴW ≈ 0.21 and grand unification mass ≈ 1015 GeV, emerges. In general, though, maximal symmetries would permit a richer complexion of phenomena with intermediate mass-scales and no desert. Searches for (B-L) violating proton-decay modes, n-ù oscillations and neutrinoless double ß-decay can serve as probes for the possible existence of the intermediate mass scales.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 34.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 45.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References and Footnotes

  1. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, “Lepton hadron unification” (unpublished), reported by J. D. Bjorken in the Proceedings of the 15th High Energy Physics Conference held at Batavia, Vol. 2, p. 304, September (1972);

    Google Scholar 

  2. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Rev. D8, 1240 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Rev. Letters 31, 661 (1973);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Rev. D10, 275 (1974);

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Letters 58B, 333 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  6. J. C. Pati, Abdus Salam and J. Strathdee, Il Nuovo Cimento 26A, 77 (1975);

    Google Scholar 

  7. J. C. Pati, Proceedings of the Second Orbis Scientiae, Coral Gables, Florida, p. 253, January (1975);

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. C. Pati, S. Sakakibara and Abdus Salam, ICTP, Trieste, preprint IC/75/93 (1975), unpublished.

    Google Scholar 

  9. H. Georgi and S. L. Glashow, Phys. Rev. Letters 32 438 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. H. Georgi, H. Quinn and S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 451 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. V. Elias, J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 920 (1978);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. V. Elias and S. Rajpoot, Phys. Lett. (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  13. H. Fritzsch and P. Minkowski, Ann. Phys. (NY) 93, 193 (1975);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Georgi, Proc. AIP Conf., Williamsburg (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  15. B. Deo, J. C. Pati, S. Rajpoot and Abdus Salam, “Multiplet stage descent of maximal symmetries,” unpublished 1979;

    Google Scholar 

  16. J. C Pati and Abdus Salam; Proc Grand Unification Workshop held at Durham, New Hampshire (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Rev. D10, 275 (1974); Proceedings of the EPS International Conference on High Energy Physics, Palermo June (1975), p. 171 (Ed. A. Zichichi);

    Google Scholar 

  18. J. C. Pati, Abdus Salam and J. Strathdee, Phys. Lett. 59B, 265 (1975);

    Google Scholar 

  19. J. C. Pati “Magnetism as the origin of preon binding,” University of Maryland Technical Report 80-095 (April 1980);

    Google Scholar 

  20. J. C. Pati Phys. Lett., Jan 1 (1981);

    Google Scholar 

  21. J. C. Pati, Abdus Salam and J. Strathdee, Trieste Preprint, IC/80/180 to appear in Nuclear Physics.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Several other authors have also worked on composite models of quarks and leptons from different aspects. An incomplete listing is as follows: K. Matumoto. Progr. Theoret. Phys. 52, 1973 (1974);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. O. W. Greenberg, Phys. Rev. Lett., 35, 1120 (1975);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. H. J. Lipkin, Proceedings of the EPS International Conference on High Energy Physics, Palermo, June (1975), p. 609 (Ed. A. Zichichi);

    Google Scholar 

  25. J. D. Bjorken and C. H. Woo (unpublished); W. Krolikowski, ICTP, Trieste, preprints IC/79/144 and IC/80/1;

    Google Scholar 

  26. E. Nowak, J. Sucher and C. H. Woo, Phys. Rev. D16, 2874 (1977);

    Google Scholar 

  27. H. Terezawa, Phys. Rev. D22, 184 (1980);

    Google Scholar 

  28. H. Terezawa, Y. Chikashige and K. Akama, PHys. Rev. D15, 480 (1977);

    Google Scholar 

  29. H. Harari, Phys. Letters 86B 83 (1979);

    Google Scholar 

  30. M. A. Shupe, Tnys. Letters 86B, 87 (1979);

    Google Scholar 

  31. G.’t Hooft, Cargése Lectures (1979);

    Google Scholar 

  32. R. Casalbuoni and T R. Gatto, Geneva preprint UGVA-DPT 1980/02-235;

    Google Scholar 

  33. R. Barbieri, L. Maiani and R. Petronzio, CERN preprint TH-2900 (1980);

    Google Scholar 

  34. R. Chanda and P. Roy, CERN preprint (1980);

    Google Scholar 

  35. F. Mansouri, Yale preprint (1980);

    Google Scholar 

  36. H. Harari and M. Seiburg preprint, (1980);

    Google Scholar 

  37. D. D. Wu, Harvard preprint (1981);

    Google Scholar 

  38. M. Yasue, Phys. Lett. 91B, 85 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  39. J. Pati, Invited talk, 1980-Neutrino Conf. held at Erice (June, 80), To appear in the Proceedings;

    Google Scholar 

  40. J. Pati, A review to be published in the Proceedings of “Unified Field Theories and Beyond,” Workshop held at Johns Hopkins University (May, 1981).

    Google Scholar 

  41. H. Harari, Review at SLAC Summer Workshop, SLAC preprint (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  42. S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. D19, 1277 (1979);

    Google Scholar 

  43. L. Susskind, Phys. Rev. D20, 2619 (1979); For other relevant references see review on “Technicolour” by E. Farhi and L. Susskind, CERN preprint Ref. TH29 75.

    Google Scholar 

  44. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Rev. D10, 275 (1974);

    Google Scholar 

  45. R. N. Mohapatra and J. C. Pati, Phys. Rev. D11, 566 (1975);

    Google Scholar 

  46. R. N. Mohapatra and J. C. Pati, Phys. Rev. D11, 2558 (1975);

    Google Scholar 

  47. G. Senjanovic and R. N. Mohapatra, Phys. Rev. D12, 1502 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  48. M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond and R. Slansky, Rev. Mod. Phys. 50, 721 (1978);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. T. Rizzo and G. Senjanovic (Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 1315 (1981)) Suggest a scale for WR-mass lighter than 1 TeV.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. A. DeRujula, CERN preprint (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  51. J. C. Pati, Abdus Salam and J. Strathdee, Trieste Preprint “Probings through proton-decay and n-fi oscillations,” IC/80/183; Nuclear Physics (to appear).

    Google Scholar 

  52. J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Phys. Lett. 58B, 333 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  53. J. C. Pati, “An introduction to unification” in Topics in Quantum Field Theory and Gauge Theories, Proc. Salamanca 1977, page 262; ed. by J. A. de Azcarraga, published by Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Such a difference may have to be traced to a preonic origin of quarks and leptons.

    Google Scholar 

  55. J. C Pati, Proc Scottish Univ. Summer School Lecture notes, held at St. Andrews (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  56. V. Elias and S. Rajpoot, Phys. Lett. (1979). Note that a maximal extension of [SU(6)]4 would be SU(72), not SU(48).

    Google Scholar 

  57. One may group heavy leptons with (u,d)-quarks and/or choose to introduce auxiliary global symmetries beyond the local symmetry so as to make the proton stable. This possibility has been considered by a number of authors. See for example, M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond and R. Slansky (Ref. 14); P. Langacker, G. Segre and H. Weldon, Phys. Lett. 73B, 87 (1978);

    Google Scholar 

  58. N. Deshpande and P. Mannheim (preprint, 1979), But the simplest and the most natural consequence of the hypothesis of quark-lepton unification is that proton is unstable.

    Google Scholar 

  59. B. Deo, J. C. Pati, S. Rajpoot and Abdus Salam,“On Proton Decay” (unpublished), 1979. This work is reported briefly in J. C. Pati and A. Salam, Proc. Grand Unification Workshop, held at Durham, New Hampshire (April, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  60. J.C. Pati, “Grand unification and proton-stability,” Proc. of Workshop held at Madison, Wisconsin (Dec. 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  61. R. N. Mohapatra and R. E. Marshak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 1316 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. See however, remarks by L. Chang and N. P. Chang, CCNY-HEP-80/5 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  63. S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. D22, 1694, (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  64. A. J. Buras, J. Ellis, M. Gaillard and D. V. Nanopoulos, Nucl. Phys. B135, 66 (1978);

    Google Scholar 

  65. T. J. Goldman and D. A. Ross, Cal. Tech. Preprint 68-759 (1980);

    Google Scholar 

  66. J. Ellis, M. K. Gaillard, D. V. Nanopoulos and S. Rudaz, CERN-Annecy preprint, LAPP-TH-14, CERN TH-2833;

    Google Scholar 

  67. W. Marciano and A. Sirlin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 1981. Other references may be found here.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Theoretical Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA

    Jogesh C. Pati

Authors
  1. Jogesh C. Pati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Harrison M. Randall Laboratory of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA

    Jacques P. Leveille , Lawrence R. Sulak  & David G. Unger ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Birkhäuser Boston

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pati, J.C. (1981). Complexions of Baryon and Lepton Number Violations Within Maximal Symmetries. In: Leveille, J.P., Sulak, L.R., Unger, D.G. (eds) The Second Workshop on Grand Unification. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5990-9_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5990-9_17

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-8176-3055-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5990-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation