Abstract
This conference is devoted to discussing a very appealing idea that particles interact with a universal strength at the most fundamental level [1]. The observed strengths in various interactions are apparently not the same, because there exist mass hierarchies and because different effective coupling constants suffer different radiative corrections and evolve separately.
Work supported partially by the U.S. Department of Energy
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Yao, YP. (1981). Effective Lagrangian and Effective Parameters in Grand Unified Theories. In: Leveille, J.P., Sulak, L.R., Unger, D.G. (eds) The Second Workshop on Grand Unification. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5990-9_14
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