Abstract
Circulation of blood through bone has a dual function: to supply nutrition to this structure and to contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis by acting as a depot for many ions and cations of body fluid. Although bone is a highly vascular tissue, experimental and clinical data regarding the architecture of its arterial and venous systems and the physiologic and pathologic responses of the local vessels are in many instances contradictory and fragmentary.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abramson DI: Circulation in the Extremities. New York, Academic Press, 1967, pp 78–108
Aitken AP, Blackett CW, Cincotti JJ: Over-growth of the femoral shaft following fracture in childhood. J Bone Joint Surg 21: 334, 1939
Barclay AE: Micro-Arteriography and Other Radiological Techniques Employed in Biological Research. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific, 1951
Barnes DWH, Bishop M, Harrison GE, et al: Comparison of the plasma concentration and urinary excretion of strontium and calcium in man. Int J Radiol Biol 3: 637, 1961
Bellman S: Microangiography. Acta Radiol (Suppl) 102: 7, 1953
Bickel WH, Childs DS, Porretta CM: Postirradiation fractures of the femoral neck: Emphasis on the results of treatment. JAMA 175: 204, 1961
Bloomenthal ED, Olson WH, Nicheles H: Studies on the bone marrow cavity of the dog: Fat embolism and marrow pressure. Surg Gynecol Obstet 94: 215, 1952
Bonfiglio M: The pathology of fracture of the femoral neck following irradiation. Am J Roentgenol 70: 449, 1953
Boyd HB, Zilversmit DB, Calandruccio RA: The use of radioactive phosphorus (P32) to de-termine the viability of the head of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg 37A: 260, 1955
Brånemark P-I: Vital microscopy of bone marrow in rabbit. Scand J Clin Lab Invest (Suppl) 38: 1, 1959
Brånemark P-I: Effect of nicotinic acid and histamine on capillary circulation of bone marrow in rabbit. Acta Haematol 25: 71, 1961
Braunsteiner H, Grabner G: Der Einfluss von Adrenalin und Noradrenalin auf die Durchblutung des Knochenmarks. Gesamte Exp Med 130: 289, 1958
Brodin H: Longitudinal bone growth. The nutrition of the epiphyseal cartilages and the local blood supply: An experimental study in the rabbit. Acta Arthop Scand (Suppl) 20: 1, 1955
Brookes M: Femoral growth after occlusion of the principal nutrient canal in day-old rabbits. J Bone Joint Surg 39B: 563, 1957
Brookes M: The vascular reaction of tubular bone to ischaemia in peripheral occlusive vascular disease. J Bone Joint Surg 42B: 110, 1960
Brookes M: The blood supply of bone. In Clark JMP (ed): Modern Trends in Orthopaedics, Vol 4. Science of Fractures. London, Butterworths, 1964, p 91
Brookes M, Elkin AC, Harrison RG, et al: A new concept of capillary circulation in bone cortex: Some clinical applications. Lancet 1: 1078, 1961
Carlson HC, Williams MMD, Childs DS Jr, et al: Microangiography of bone in the study of radiation changes. Radiology 74: 113, 1960
Copp DH, Shim SS: Extraction ratio and bone clearance of Sr85 as a measure of effective bone blood flow. Circ Res 16: 461, 1965
Cumming JD: A method for studying the rate of blood flow through the bone marrow of a rabbit’s femur. J Physiol (Lond) 152: 39P, 1960
de Sapio FS: Scollamento del periostio ed al- lungamento degli arti. Ortoped Traumatol App Motore 21: 339, 1953
Doan CA: The circulation of the bone marrow. Contrib Embryol 14: 29, 1922
Doumanian AV: Experimental Deep Venous Insufficiency in the Dog. Master’s Thesis, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [Quoted in Kelly PJ, Peterson LFA: Circulation in bone. In Abramson DI (ed): Blood Vessels and Lymphatics. New York, Academic Press, 1962, p 546]
Doyle JR, Smart BW: Stimulation of bone growth by short-wave diathermy. J Bone Joint Surg 45A: 15, 1963
Drinker CK, Drinker KR: A method for maintaining an artificial circulation through the tibia of the dog with a demonstration of the vasomotor control of the marrow vessels. Am J Physiol 40: 514, 1916
Edholm OG, Howarth S: Studies on the peripheral circulation in osteitis deformans. Clin Sci 12: 277, 1953
Edholm OG, Howarth S, McMichael J: Heart failure and bone blood flow in osteitis deformans. Clin Sci 5: 249, 1945
Frederickson JM, Hanour AJ, Copp DH: Mea-surement of initial bone clearance of Ca45 from blood in the rat. Fed Proc 14: 49, 1955
Frost HM: In vivo osteocyte death. J Bone Joint Surg 42A: 138, 1960
Geiser M, Trueta J: Muscle action, bone rarefaction, and bone formation. J Bone Joint Surg 40B: 282, 1958
Gothman L: Arterial changes in experimental fractures of the rabbit’s tibia treated with in tramedullary nailing: A microangiographic study. Acta Chir Scand 120:288, 1960–1961
Granberry WM, Janes JM: The lack of effect of microwave diathermy on rate of growth of bone of the growing dog. J Bone Joint Surg 45A: 773, 1963
Gratzek FR, Holmstrom EG, Rigler LG: Post- irradiation bone changes. Am J Roentgenol 53: 62, 1945
Ham AW: Some histophysiological problems peculiar to calcified tissues. J Bone Joint Surg 34A: 701, 1952
Harris WR, Martin R, Tile M: Transplantation of epiphyseal plates: An experimental study. J Bone Joint Surg 47A: 897, 1965
Herzig E, Root WS: Relation of sympathetic nervous system to blood pressure of bone mar-row. Am J Physiol 196: 1053, 1959
Hiertonn T: Arteriovenous anastomoses and acceleration of bone growth, Acta Orthop Scand 26: 322, 1957
Hinkel CL: The effect of irradiation upon the composition and vascularity of growing rat bones. Am J Roentgenol 50: 516, 1943
Holling HE, Brodey RS, Boland HC: Pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Lancet 2: 1269, 1961
Hurrell DJ: The nerve supply of bone. J Anat (Lond) 72: 54, 1937
Hutchison WJ, Burdeaux BD Jr: The influence of stasis on bone growth. Surg Gynecol Obstet 99: 413, 1954
Jaffe HL, Pomeranz MM: Changes in the bones of extremities amputated because of arteriovas- cular disease. Arch Surg 29: 566, 1934
Janes JM, Herrick JF, Kelly PJ, et al: Long-term effect of ultrasonic energy on femora of the dog. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin 35: 663, 1960
Janes JM, Jennings WK Jr: Effect of induced arteriovenous fistula on leg length: 10-year ob-servations. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin 36: 1, 1961
Janes JM, Kelly PJ, Herrick JF, et al: The effect of high-dosage ultrasonic energy on femora of the dog: A roentgenographic, histological, and microangiographic study. J Bone Joint Surg 44A: 1299, 1962
Janes JM, Musgrove JE: Effect of arteriovenous fistula on growth of bone: An experimental study. Surg Clin North Am 30: 1191, 1950
Johnson RW Jr: A physiological study of the blood supply of the diaphysis. J Bone Joint Surg (NS) 9: 153, 1927
Just-Viera JO, Yeager GH: Venous stasis. I. Effects of venous resection on bone growth. Surgery 58: 694, 1965
Kane WJ: Fundamental concepts in bone- blood flow studies. J Bone Joint Surg 50A: 801, 1968
Keck SW, Kelly PJ: The effect of venous stasis on intraosseous pressure and longitudinal bone growth in the dog. J Bone Joint Surg 47A: 539, 1965
Kelly PJ Janes JM, Peterson LFA: The effect of arteriovenous fistube on the vascular pattern of the femora of immature dogs: A microangiographic study. J Bone Joint Surg 41 A: 1101, 1959
Kinosita R, Ohno S, Bierman HR: Observations on regenerating bone marrow tissue in situ. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 2: 125, 1956
Kistler GH: Effects of circulatory disturbances on the structure and healing of bone: Injuries of the head of the femur in young rabbits. Arch Surg 33: 225, 1936
Kornblum SS, Kelly PJ: The lacunae and haver-sian canals in tibial cortical bone from ischemic and nonischemic limbs: A comparative micro- radiographic study. J Bone Joint Surg46A:797, 1964
Matumoto Y, Mizuno S: Rate of the blood flow in the femoral head: A new measuring procedure and its clinical evaluation. Med J Osaka Univ 16: 431, 1966
McKibbin B, Ray RD: Experimental study of peripheral circulation and bone growth: The pattern of venous return in experimental arte-riovenous fistulae. II. Clin Orthop 53: 175, 1967
Pearse HE Jr, Morton JJ: The stimulation of bone growth by venous stasis. J Bone Joint Surg (NS) 12: 97, 1930
Pearse HE Jr, Morton JJ: Venous stasis accelerates bone repair. Surgery 1: 106, 1937
Peterson LFA, Neher M, Janes JM, et al: A stereoscopic microradiographic camera with vacuum film-holder and a stereomicroscope. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin 34: 283, 1959
Post M, Shoemaker WC: Bone electrolyte response to intravenous acid loads. Surg Gynecol Obstet 115: 749, 1962
Ray RD, Kawabata M, Galante J: Experimental study of peripheral circulation and bone growth: An experimental method for the quantitative determination of bone blood flow. III. Clin Orthop 54: 175, 1967
Rhinelander FW, Baragry RA: Microangiogra-phy in bone healing. I. Undisplaced closed fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 44A: 1273, 1962
Richards V, Stofer R: The stimulation of bone growth by internal heating. Surgery 46: 84, 1959
Shaw NE: Observations on the intramedullary blood-flow and marrow-pressure in bone. Clin Sci 24: 311, 1963
Shaw NE: Observations on the physiology of the circulation in bones. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 35: 214, 1964
Sherman MS, Selakovich WG: Bone changes in chronic circulatory insufficiency: A histopathological study. J Bone Joint Surg 39A: 892, 1957
Shim SS: Physiology of blood circulation of bone. J Bone Joint Surg 50A: 812, 1968
Shim SS, Copp DH, Patterson FP: The bone blood flow in the limb following complete sci-atic nerve section. Surg Gynecol Obstet 123: 333, 1966
Shim SS, Patterson FP: A direct method of qualitative study of bone blood circulation. Surg Gynecol Obstet 125: 261, 1967
Speed K: Longitudinal overgrowth of long bones. Surg Gynecol Obstet 36: 787, 1923
Stein AH Jr, Morgan HC, Porras RF: The effect of pressor and depressor drugs on intramedul larv bone-marrow pressure. J Bone Joint Surg 40A: 1103, 1958
Stein AH Jr, Morgan HC, Porras RF: The effect of an arteriovenous fistula on intramedullary bone pressure. Surg Gynecol Obstet 109: 287, 1959
Trotman NH, Kelly WD: The effect of sympathectomy on blood flow to bone. JAMA 183: 121, 1963
Trueta J: Acute haematogenous osteomyelitis: Its pathology and treatment. Bull Hosp Joint Diseases 14: 5, 1953
Trueta J: The influence of the blood supply in controlling bone growth. Bull Hosp Joint Dis 14: 147, 1953
Trueta J: The three types of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis: A clinical and vascular study. J Bone Joint Surg 41B: 671, 1959
Trueta J: The role of the vessels in osteogenesis. J Bone Joint Surg 45B: 402, 1963
Trueta J, Cavadias AX: Vascular changes caused by the Kiintscher type of nailing: An experimental study in the rabbit. J Bone Joint Surg 37B: 492, 1955
Trueta J, Harrison MHM: The normal vascular anatomy of the femoral head in adult man. J Bone Joint Surg 35B: 442, 1953
Vanderhoeft PJ, Kelly PJ, Janes JM, et al: Growth and structure of bone distal to an arte-riovenous fistula: Quantitative analysis of tetra- cycline-induced transverse growth patterns. J Bone Joint Surg 45B: 582, 1963
Vaughen JL, Bender LF: Effects of ultrasound on growing bone. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 40: 158, 1959
Weinman DT, Kelly PJ, Owen CAJr, et al: Skeletal clearance of Ca47 and Sr85 and skeletal blood flow in dogs. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin 38: 559, 1963
Weiss L: An electron microscopic study of the vascular sinuses of the bone marrow of the rabbit. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 108: 171, 1961
Weiss RA, Root WS: Innervation of the vessels of the marrow cavity of certain bones. Am J Physiol 197: 1255, 1959
Woodhouse CF: Nutrient artery circulation control problems in bone. Am J Orthop 5: 290, 1963
Wray JB: Vascular regeneration in the healing fracture: An experimental study. Angiology 14: 134, 1963
Wu YK, Miltner LJ: A procedure for stimulation of longitudinal growth of bone: An experimental study. J Bone Joint Surg (NS) 19: 909, 1937
Yabsley RH, Harris WR: The effect of shaft fracture and periosteal stripping on the vascular supply to epiphyseal plates. J Bone Joint Surg 47A: 551, 1965
Zamboni L, Pease DC: The vascular bed of red bone marrow. J Ultrastruct Res 5: 65, 1961
Zinn CJ, Griffith JQJr: Effect of sympathectomy upon blood supply of bone. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 46: 311, 1941
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Abramson, D.I., Miller, D.S. (1981). Circulation to Bone. In: Vascular Problems in Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Limbs. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5862-9_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5862-9_3
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-5864-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5862-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive