Abstract
Although the weak interactions violate the CP invariance in various ways, the strong interactions seem to conserve it very accurately. However, it has been known that the QCD vacuum effectively adds a CP-nonconserving piece to the Lagrangian1
where \({\bar \theta }\;{ = }\;{\theta }\;{ + }\) arg Det M. The strong CP problem has been to set \({|\bar \theta |}\;{ < }\;{10}^{ - {8}} - 10^{ - 9} \) not to upset the observed upper limit on the neutron electric dipole moment2.
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Kim, J.E. (1982). Recent Developments of the Invisible Axion. In: Frampton, P.H., Glashow, S.L., van Dam, H. (eds) Third Workshop on Grand Unification. Progress in Physics, vol 6. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5800-1_23
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