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Protein Synthesis pp 349–369Cite as

Biosynthesis and Transport of Lysosomal Enzymes

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Abstract

Lysosomes are digestive organelles found in most eucaryote cells. Typically they are endowed with a large set of mostly hydrolytic enzymes able to break down in concert nearly all biological polymers or complex molecules, which happen to be delivered into these organelles. The digestion depends on acidic conditions within the lysosomes - the internal pH is lower than that in the extralysosomal space by about 2 units (1,2) - and on the delivery into the lysosomes of both the substrates and the enzymes. The substrates are delivered into the lysosomes from the cell interior as well as from exterior. Traditionally,lysosomes were considered to take care of material interiorized by the cells. For recent reviews on endocytosis pathways in eucaryotes the reader may consult ref. 3–5. Today, the participation of lysosomes in the degradation of endogenous proteins is firmly established, too (ref. 6 and references therein). Lysosomal enzymes also participate in the breakdown of extracellular matrix. Some cells like human fibroblasts constitutively secrete a significant fraction of newly synthesized lysosomal enzymes (7).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Wenner-Gren Institute, University of Stockholm, S-113 45, Stockholm, Sweden

    Odd Nygård

  2. Central Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of GDR, 1115, Berlin-Buch, Germany

    Peter Westermann

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  1. University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Abraham K. Abraham , Thor S. Eikhom  & Ian F. Pryme ,  & 

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Abraham K. Abraham  & Ian F. Pryme  & 

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Nygård, O., Westermann, P. (1983). Biosynthesis and Transport of Lysosomal Enzymes. In: Abraham, A.K., Eikhom, T.S., Pryme, I.F. (eds) Protein Synthesis. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5310-5_26

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