Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Tandem Gas Chromatography—Behavior Bioassay1

  • Chapter
Techniques in Pheromone Research

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Experimental Entomology ((SSEXP))

Abstract

Genuinely new detection methods like the flame ionization detector (FID)3 for gas chromatography (McWilliams and Dewar, 1958; Harley et al., 1958), mass spectrometry for structure determination (Biemann, 1962), and the use of whole insects (Flaschenträger et al., 1957) or isolated insect antennae (Schneider, 1957; Roelofs, 1984, Chapter 5, this volume) as biological detectors significantly increased the number of techniques available to the pioneers in the field 25 years ago (see Hecker and Butenandt, 1984, Chapter 1, this volume). Equally important and numerous are the examples in which a novel combination of already existing techniques opened up additional analytical avenues. Examples are coupled gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GLC- MS) (Gohlke, 1959; Ryhage, 1964), tandem GLC-EAD (Moorhouse et al., 1969; Arn et al., 1975; Beevor et al., 1975), tandem GLC single-cell recordings (Wadhams, 1982; Wadhams, 1984, Chapter 7, this volume; Löfsted et al., 1982; Struble and Arn, Chapter 6, this volume), and the tandem GLC-behavior bioassays (t-GLC-BB) (Table 1).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anders F, Bayer E (1959) Versuche mit dem Sexuallockstoff aus den Sacculi laterales vom Seidenspinner (Bombyx moriL.). Biol Zentralbl 78: 584–589.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arn H, Städler E, Rauscher S (1975) The electroantennographic detector—A selective and sensitive tool in the gas chromatographic analysis of insect pheromones. Z Naturforsch 30c: 722–725.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartell RJ, Shorey HH (1969) A quantitative bioassay for the sex pheromone of Epiphyas postvittana(Lepidoptera) and factors limiting male responsiveness. J Insect Physiol 15: 33–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bayer E, Anders F (1959) Biologische Objekte als Detektoren fur Gaschromatographie. Naturwissenschaften 46: 380.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beevor PS, Hall DR, Lester R, Poppi RG, Read JS, Nesbitt BF (1975) Sex pheromones of the army worm moth, Spodoptera exempta(Wlk.). Experientia 31: 22–23.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berger RS (1966) Isolation, identification, and synthesis of the sex attractant of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. Ann Ent Soc Amer 59: 767–771.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biemann K (1962) Mass Spectrometry: Organic Chemical Applications. McGraw Hill, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bierl BA, Beroza M, Collier CW (1970) Potent sex attractant of the gypsy moth: Its isolation, identification and synthesis. Science 170: 87–89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bierl BA, Beroza M, Staten RT, Sonnet PE, Adler VE (1974) The pink bollworm sex attractant. J Econ Entomol 67: 211–216.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Block BC (1960) Laboratory method for screening compounds as attractants to gypsy moth males. J Econ Entomol 53: 172–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brownlee RG, Silverstein RM (1968) A micropreparative gas chromatograph and a modified carbon skeleton determinator. Anal Chem 49: 2077–2079.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butenandt A, Beckmann R, Stamm D, Hecker E (1959) Über den Sexual- Lockstoff des Seidenspinners, Bombyx mori. Reindarstellung und Konstitu- tion. Z Naturforsch 14b: 283–284.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen A, Denenberg VH (1973) A small-animal activity-analysing system for behavioral studies. Med Bio Engin 11: 490–498.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dravnieks A (1975) Instrumental aspects of olfactometry. In: Methods in Olfactory Research. Moulton DG, Turk A, Johnston Jr. JW (eds), Academic Press, London/New York/San Francisco, pp 1–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feeny PP (1962) Some Studies in Gas Chromatography with Particular Reference to Biological Problems. B.S. thesis, Merton College, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flaschenträger B, Amin ES, Jarczyk HJ (1957) Ein Lockstoffanalysator (Odour- analyzer) für Insekten. Mikrochim Acta 385–389.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaston LK, Fukuto TR, Shorey HH (1966) Sex pheromones of noctuid moths. IX. Isolation techniques and quantitative analysis for the pheromones, with special reference to that of Trichoplusia ni(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Ann Ent Soc Amer 59: 1062–1066.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaston LK, Shorey HH (1964) Sex pheromones of noctuid moths. IV. An apparatus for bioassaying the pheromones of six species. Ann Ent Soc Amer 57: 779–780.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gohlke RS (1959) Time-of-flight mass spectrometer and gas-liquid partition chromatography. Anal Chem 31: 535–541.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guss PL, Tumlinson JH, Sonnet PE, Proveaux AT (1982) Identification of a female-produced sex pheromone of the Western Corn Root worm. J Chem Ecol 8: 545–556.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harley J, Nel W, Pretorius V (1958) Flame ionization detector for gas chromatography. Nature (London) 181: 177–178.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haskell PT (1954) An automatic recording maze for insect behavior studies. Brit J Anim Behav 2: 153–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE (1979) Chemical communication in the reproductive strategies of some nearctic Saturniid moths. Proceedings of the EUCHEM Conference on Insect Chemistry: Chemical Communication and Interaction. Borgholm, Sweden, August 13–17, 1979, p 17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE, Dolce GJ (1978) Disruption of sex pheromone communication in Spotted Cucumber Beetles (Chrysomelidae) Demonstrated in Various Test Systems. Paper No. 487, Annual National Meeting Entomol. Society of America, Houston, Texas, November 29, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE, Gaston LK, Shorey HH, Kaae RS, Byrne KJ, Silverstein RM (1973) Clarification of the chemical status of the pink bollworm sex pheromone. Science 181: 873–875.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE, Kucera RA (1977) Sex pheromone communication in the southern corn root worm. Proc N Centr Br Ent Soc Amer 32: 55–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE, Sternburg JG (1979) Hyalophora cecropia mating communication: Purification and isolation of several sex pheromone components. 11th International Congress of Biochemistry, Toronto, Canada, July 8–13, 1979, No. 13-9-R65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunsaker WG, Lalonde JM (1975) Photo-electric detector for monitoring behavioural activities in animals. Lab Pract 24: 526–527.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Inscoe MN (1982) Insect attractants, attractant pheromones and related compounds. In: Insect Suppression with Controlled Release Pheromone Systems. Kydonieus AF, Beroza M (eds), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, Vol 2, pp 201–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jennings W (1980) Gas Chromatography with Glass Capillary Columns. 2nd ed. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones WA, Jacobson M (1968) Isolation of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) from female pink bollworm moths. Science 159: 99–100.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones WA, Jacobson M, Martin DF (1966) Sex attractant of the pink bollworm moth: Isolation, identification, and synthesis. Science 152: 1516–1517.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kasang G, Kaissling KE, Vostrowsky O, Bestmann HJ (1978) Bombykal, a second pheromone component of the silkworm moth Bombyx moriL. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 17: 60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Löfsted C, Van der Pers JNC, Lofquist J, Lanne BS, Appergren M, Bergström G, Thelin B (1982) Sex pheromone components of the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum: Chemical identification, electrophysiological evaluation and behavioral activity. J Chem Ecol 8: 1305–1321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McWilliams IG, Dewar RA (1958) Flame ionization detector for gas chromatography. Nature (London) 181: 760–761.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller TA (1979) Insect Neurophysiological Techniques. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 59–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moorhouse JE, Yeadon R, Beevor PS, Nesbitt BF (1969) Method for use in studies of insect chemical communication. Nature (London) 223:1174– 1175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry JA (1981) Introduction to Analytical Gas Chromatography. Dekker, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinniger DB, Collins LG (1976) Two insect activity detector systems using light dependent resistors. Lab Pract 25: 523–524.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryhage R (1964) Use of a mass spectrometer as a detector and analyzer for effluents emerging from high-temperature gas-liquid chromatography columns. Anal Chem 36: 759–764.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider D (1957) Elektrophysiologische Untersuchungen von Chemo-und Mechanorezeptoren der Antenne des Seidenspinners Bombyx moriL. J Comp Physiol 40: 8–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein RM, Young JC (1976) Insects Generally Use Multicomponent Pheromones. ACS Symposium Series No. 23: 1–29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starratt AN, Dahm KH, Allen N, Hildebrand JG, Payne TL, Röller H (1979) Bombykal, a sex pheromone of the Sphinx moth Manduca sexta. Z Natur- forsch 34c: 9–12.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tamaki Y (1979) Multicomponent sex pheromones of Lepidoptera with special reference to Adoxophyes sp. In: Chemical Ecology: Odour Communication in Animals. Ritter FJ (ed), Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 169–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tumlinson JH, Heath RR, Teal PEA (1982) Analysis of Chemical Communication Systems in Lepidoptera. ACS Symposium Series No. 190: 1–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wadhams LJ (1982) Coupled gas chromatography—single cell recording: A new technique for use in the analysis of insect pheromones. Z Naturforsch 37c: 947–952.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young JC, Silverstein RM (1975) Biological and chemical methodology in the study of insect communication. In: Methods in Olfactory Research. Moulton DG, Turk A, Johnston Jr JW (eds), Academic Press, New York, pp 75–160.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 2011 Cureton, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    Hans E. Hummell

  2. Harbor Branch Foundation, Ft. Pierce, Florida, 33450, USA

    Hans E. Hummell

Authors
  1. Hans E. Hummell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Harbor Branch Foundation, 33450, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA

    Hans E. Hummel

  2. Department of Entomology, University of California, 92521, Riverside, California, USA

    Thomas A. Miller

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hummell, H.E. (1984). The Tandem Gas Chromatography—Behavior Bioassay1 . In: Hummel, H.E., Miller, T.A. (eds) Techniques in Pheromone Research. Springer Series in Experimental Entomology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5220-7_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5220-7_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9743-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5220-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation