Abstract
It is frequently stated that 90% of the incidence of cancer in a population is due to environmental factors including food consumption and life style (2,32). The definition “environmental” implies non genetic factors though clearly, genetic predisposition plays a role in determining the susceptibility of an individual to becoming a victim of the disease (40).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alexander, P. and Lett, J. Comprehensive Biochemistry, pp. 267–356. Florkin, M,.Stots, E. (eds.) Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1968.
Ames, B. N. Dietary carcinogens and anticarcinogens. Oxygen radicals and degenerative diseases, Science 211: 1256–1264, 1983.
Arnott, M. S., Van Eys, J. and Wang, Y. M. Molecular Interactions of Nutrition and Cancer, pp. 1–474, Raven Press, New York, 1982.
Barrett, J. C. and Ts’o, P. O. P. Evidence for the progressive nature of neoplastic transformation In Vitro. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71: 3761–3765, 1978a.
Benedict, W. F., Wheatly, W. L. and Jones, P. A. Inhibition of Chemically Induced Morphological Transformation and Reversion of Transformed Phenotype by Ascorbic Acid in C3H10T1/2 Cells. Cancer Res. 40 2796–2801, 1980.
Berneblum, I. Sequential Aspects of Chemical Carcinogenesis: in. In: Cancer; A Comprehensive Treatise. pp. 451–484, Becker, F. F., (ed.) Plenum Press, New York, 1982.
Borek, C. Neoplastic Transformation In Vitro of a Clone of Adult Liver Epithelial Cells into Differentiated Hepatoma-Like Cells under Conditions of Nutritional Stress. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 69: 956–959, 1972.
Borek, C. X-ray Induced In Vitro Neoplastic Transformation of Human Diploid Cells. Nature 283: 776–778, 1980a.
Borek, C. Differentiation, Metabolic Activation and Malignant Tranormation in Cultured Liver Cells Exposed to Chemical Carcinogens. In: Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology. Vol. 1. pp. 297–318. Mishra, N. Dunkel, V. and Mehlman, M. A. (eds) Senate Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1980b.
Borek, C. Radiation Oncogenesis in Cell Culture. Adv. Cancer Res. 37: 159–232, 1982a.
Borek, C. Vitamins and Micronutrients Modify Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion In Vitro. In: Molecular Interrelations of Nutrition and Cancer, PP. 337–350, Arnott, M. S., Van Eys, J. and Wang, Y.M. (eds) Raven Press, New York, 1982b.
Borek, C. Permissive and Protective Factors in Malignant Transformation of cells in culture. In: The Biochemical Basis of Chemical Carcinogenesis, pp. 175–188, Greim, H., Juna, R, Kraemer, M., Marquardt, H. and Oesch, F. (eds) Raven Press, New York, 1984a.
Borek, C. In Vitro Cell Cultures as Tools in the Study of Free Radicals and Free Radical Modifiers in Carcinogenesis. In: Methods In Enzymology, Volume on Oxygen Radicals in Biological Systems, pp. 465–479. Colowick C. P. Kaplan, N.O. and Packer, L. (eds) Academic Press, New York, 1984b.
Borek, C. The Induction and Control of Radiogenic Transformation In Vitro: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. J. Pharmach. and Therap. 1985, In Press.
Borek, C. and Andrews, A. Oncogenic Transformation of Normal, XP and Bloom Syndrome Cells by X-Rays and Ultraviolet Irradiation. In: Human Carcinogenesis, pp. 519–541, Harris, C. C. and Antrup, H. (eds) Academic Press, New York, 1983.
Borek, C. and Biaglow, J. E. Factors Controlling Cellular Peroxide Breakdown: Relevance to Selenium Protection against Radiation and Chemically Induced Carcinogenesis. Proc. Am. Ass. Cancer Res. 25: 125 (abstract), 1984.
Borek, C. and Cleaver, J.E. Protease Inhibitors Neither Damage DNA nor Interfered with DNA in Human Cells. Mutat. Res. 82: 373–380, 1981.
Borek, C., Cleaver, J. E. and Fujiki, H. Critical Biochemical and Regulatory Events in Malignant Transformation and Promotion In Vitro. In: Cellular Interaction by Environmental Tumor Promoters and Relevance to Human Cancer, Fujiki, H. et al. (ed) Japan Scientific Societies, Tokyo, 1984a, in press.
Borek, C. and Guernsey, D. Membrane Associated Ion Transport Enzymes in Normal and Oncogenically Transformed Fibroblasts and Epithelial Cells. Studia Biophysica 81 (1): 53–54, 1981.
Borek, C., Guernsey, D. L., Ong, A. and Edelman, I. S. Critical Role Played by Thyroid Hormone in Induction of Neoplastic Transformation by Chemical Carcinogens in Tissue Culture. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A 80: 5749–5752, 1983a.
Borek, C., Higashino, S, and Loewenstein, W. R. Intercellular Communication and Tissue Growth-IV. Conductance of Membrane Junctions of Normal and Cancerous Cells in Culture. J. Memb. Biol. 1: 274–293, 1969.
Borek, C., Miller, R.C., Geard, C. R., Guernsey, D. L. and Smith, J. E. In Vitro Modulation of Oncogenesis and Differentiation by Retinoids and Tumor Promoters. In: Carcinogenesis. Vol. 7, pp. 277–284, Hecker, E. (ed) Raven Press, New York, 1982.
Borek, C., Miller, R., Pain, C. and Troll, W. Conditions for Inhibiting and Enhancing Effects of the Protease Inhibitor Antipain on X-Ray-Induced Neoplastic Transformation in Hamster and Mouse Cells. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76: 1800–1803, 1979.
Borek, C. and Ong, A. The Interaction of Ionizing radiation and Food Pyrolysis Products in Producing Oncogenic Transformation In Vitro. Cancer Lett. 12: 61–66, 1981.
Borek, C., Ong, A., Donohue, L. and Biaglow, J. E. Selenium Protects against In Vitro Radiation and Chemically Induced Transformation by Controlling Peroxide Breakdown. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1984C, in press.
Borek, C. and Sachs, L. In Vitro Cell Transformation by X-Irradiation Nature 210: 276–278, 1966a.
Borek, C. and Sachs, L. Cell Susceptibility to Transformation by X-Irradiation and Fixation of the Transformed State. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 57: 1522–1527, 1967.
Borek, C. and Sachs, L. The Numbers of Cell Generations required to fix the transformed state in X-ray Induced Transformation. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 59: 83–85.
Borek, C. and Troll, W. Modifiers of Free Radicals Inhibit In Vitro the Oncogenic Actions of X-Rays, Bleomycin, and the Tumor Promoter 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-Acetate. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80: 5749–5752.
Boutwell, R. K. Retinoids and Prostaglandin Synthesis Inhibitors as Protective Agents against Chemical Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion. In: Radioprotectors and Anticarcinogens, Nygaard, O. K. and Simic, M.G. (eds) A. P. New York, 557–566, 1983.
Cooper, G. M. Cellular Transforming Genes. Science 218: 801–806, 1982.
Doll, R. and Peto, R. The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the United States Today. J. Natn. Cancer Inst. 66: 1191–1308, 1981.
Fridovich, I. The Biology of Oxygen Radicals. Science 201: 875–880, 1978.
Fujiki, H., Mori, M., Nakayasu, M., Terada, M. and Sugimura, T. A Possible Naturally Occurring Tumor Promoter, Teleocidin B from Streptomyces. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 90: 976–983, 1979.
Geard, C. R., Freeman, M. R., Miller, R. C. and Borek, C. Antipain and Radiation Effects on Oncogenic Transformation and Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Syrian Hamster Embryo and Mouse C3H10T1/2 cells. Carcinogenesis 2: 1229–1235.
Goldstein, B. D., Witz, G., Amoruso, M., Stone, D.S. and Troll, W. Stimulation of Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Superoxide Anion Radial Production by Tumor Promoters. Cancer Lett. 11: 257–262, 1981.
Guernsey, D.L. Borek, C. and Edelman, I. S. Crucial Role of Thyroid Hormone in X-Ray Induced Transformation in Cell Culture. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78: 5708–5711, 1981.
Guernsey, D. L., Ong, A. and Borek, C. Modulation of X-Ray Induced Neoplastic Transformation In Vitro by Thyroid Hormone. Nature 288: 591–592, 1980.
Harisiadis, L., Miller, R. C., Hall, E. J. and Borek, C. A Vitamin A Analogue Inhibits Radiation-Induced Oncogenic Transformation. Nature 274: 486–487, 1978.
Harnden, D. G. The Nature of Inherited Susceptibility to Cancer. Carcinogenesis 5: 1535–1537, 1984.
Kennedy, A. R., Murphy, G. and Little, J. B. Effect of Time and Duration of Exposure to 12-0-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate on X-Ray Transformation of C3H 10T1/2 cells. Cancer Res. 40: 1915–1920, 1980b.
Lotan, R. Effects of Vitamin A and its Analogs (Retinoids) on Normal and Neoplastic Cells. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 605: 33–91, 1980.
Medina, D. Selenium Mediated Inhibition of Mouse Mammary Tumorgenesis, Cancer Lett. 8: 281–245, 1980.
Miller, R. C., Geard, C. R., Osmak, R. S., Rutledge Freeman, M., Ong, A., Mason, H., Napholtz, A., Perez, N., Harisiadis, L. and Borek, C. Modified of Sister Chromatid Exhchanges and radiation-induced transformation in rodent Cells by the Tumor Promoter 12-0-Tetradecanoyl-Phorbol-13-Acetate and two retinoids, Cancer Res. 41: 655–659, 1981.
Pryor, W. A. The Role of Free Radical Reactions in Biological Systems. In: Free Radicals in Biology. Vol. 1, pp. 1–49, Pryor, W. A. (ed) Academic Press, New York, 1976.
Radioprotectors and Anticarcinogens, Nygaard, O.F. and Simic, M.G. (eds), Academic Press, New York, 1983.
Slaga, T. G., Klein-Szanto, A. J. P., Triplett, L. L. and Yotti, P. C. Skin Tumor Promoting Activity of Benzoyl Peroxide, Science (Wash.) 213: 1023–1024, 1981.
Sporn, M. B., Dunlop, N. M., Newton, D. L. and Henderson, W. R. Relationships between structure and activity of retinoids. Nature 263: 110–113, 1976.
Sugimura, T. Tumor Initiators and Promoters Associated with Ordinary Foods. In: Molecular Interrelations of Nutrition and Cancer, pp. 3–24, Arnott, M.S, Van Eys, J. and Wang, Y. M. (eds) Raven Press, New York, 1982.
Troll, W., Witz, Gisela, Goldstein, B., Stone, D. and Sugimura, T. The Role of Free Oxygen Radicals in Tumor Promotion and Carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis, Vol. 7: pp. 593–597, Raven Press, New York, 1982.
Wattenberg, L.W., Inhibition of Carcinogenic and Toxic Effects of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons by Phenolic Antioxidants and Ethoxygnin J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 48: 1425–1430, 1972.
Wigler, M. and Weinstein, I.B. Tumor Promoter Induces Plasminogen Activator. Nature 259: 232–233, 1976.
Zimmerman, R. and Cerutti, P. Active Oxygen Acts as a Promoter of Transformation in Mouse Embryo C3H 10T1/2C18 Fibroblasts. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81: 2085–2087, 1984.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 The Humana Press Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Borek, C. (1986). Free Radicals, Dietary Antioxidants and Mechanisms in Cancer Prevention; in Vitro Studies. In: Meyskens, F.L., Prasad, K.N. (eds) Vitamins and Cancer. Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 10, vol 10. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5006-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5006-7_5
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9395-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5006-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive