Summary
The conclusions of the following paper may be summarised as follows:
1/. A minority population of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) from C57BL/6 mice are described which recognise target cells infected with certain subgroups of influenza A viruses. By the use of recombinant A viruses it is shown that recognition by these CTL is determined by the A virus nucleoprotein (NP) gene. Nucleoprotein is is not an integral membrane protein. 2/. Transfection experiments with L cells, using a cDNA copy of the A/NT/60/68 (H3N2) NP gene, show that this subpopulation of CTL recognise L cells expressing the NP gene in the absence of any other viral protein. 3/. The transfection technique demonstrates that a major population of fully A virus crossreactive CTL also recognise transfected nucleoprotein. 4/. Experiments with L cells transfected with A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) haemagglutinin (an integral membrane glycoprotein of the virus) confirm that a subpopulation of CTL exists that recognise haemagglutinin (HA), and show that some crossreactivity in CTL recognition exists between H1 (1934) and H2 (1957), but not between H1 and H3 (1968) haemagglutinins. Thus no fully crossreactive CTL were detected that recognise HA. 5/. Comparative experiments with L cells transfected with either nucleoprotein or haemagglutinin show that in the polyclonal CTL raised against A virus infected cells, a much greater proportion are directed at NP than at HA. 6/. CTL recognition of NP transfected L cells was efficient despite the fact that only low level of nucleoprotein was expressed (as revealed by monoclonal antibodies), and NP was not detectable at the transfected cell plasma membrane. 7/. The mechanisms by which CTL may recognise NP are discussed. It is suggested that CTL may recognise “processed” nucleoprotein fragments. The implications of these results for CTL recognition of other viruses and minor histocompatibility antigens and in the design of influenza vaccines is briefly discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
MacDonald, H.R. Immunology Today, 3, 183–187.(1982).
Zinkernagel, R.M. and Rosenthal, K.L. Immunological Reviews.58, 131–155. (1981).
Simpson, E. Ann. Immunol. (Inst.Pasteur). 135C, 410–413. (1984).
Melief, C. Immunology Today. 4, 57–61. (1983).
Henney, C.S. Immunology Today. 1, 36–41. (1980).
Askonas, B.A., McMichael, A.J., and Webster, R.G. In Basic and Applied Influenza Research. A.S.Beare, editor. CRC Press Inc. Florida. 159–188. (1982).
Zweerink, H.J., Askonas, B.A., Millican, D., Courtneidge, S.A. and Skehel, J.J. Eur. J. Immunol. 7, 630–635. (1977).
Braciale, T.J., Andrew, M.E. and Braciale, V.L. J. Exp. Med. 153, 910–923. (1981).
Bennink, J.R., Yewdell, J.W., Gerhard, W. Nature. 296, 75–76. (1982).
Townsend, A.R.M., Skehel, J.J. Nature, 300, 655–657. (1982).
Palese, P. Cell. 10, 1–10. (1977).
Townsend, A.R.M., Skehel, J.J., Taylor, P.M., Palese, P. Virology. 133, 456–459. (1984).
Townsend, A.R.M., and Skehel, J.J. J. Exp. Med. (in the press). (1984).
Schild, G.L., Newman, R.W., Webster, R.G., Major, D.and Huishaw, V.S. Devi. Cell Biol. 5, 373–384. (1980).
van Wyke, K.L., Huishaw, V.S., Bean, W.J. and Webster, R.G. J. Virol, 35. 24–30. (1980).
Flavell, R.A., Grosveld, F., Busslinger, M., de Boer, E., Kloussis, D., Mellor, A.L., Golden, L., Weiss, E., Hurst, J., Bud, H., Bullman, H., Simpson, E., James, R., Townsend, A.R.M., Taylor, P.M., Schmidt, W., Ferluga, J., Lebel, L., Santamaria, M., Atfield, G. and Festenstein, H. Cold. Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 47, 1067–1077. (1983).
Mellor, A.L., Golden, L., Weiss, E., Bullman, H., Hurst, J., Simpson, E., James, R.F.L., Townsend, A.R.M., Taylor, P.M., Schmidt, W., Ferluga, J., Leben, L., Santamaria, M., Atfield, G., Festenstein, H. and Flavell, R.A. Nature. 298, 529–534. (1982).
Evans, G.A.. Margulies. D.H.. Camerini-Olero. R.D.. Ozato. K. and Seidman. J.G. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. U.S.A. 79, 1994–1998. (1982).
Goodenow, R.S., McMillan, M., Nicolson, M., Sher, T.B., Eakle, K., Davidson, N. and Hood. L. Nature. 300. 231–237. (1982).
Huddleston. J.A. and Brownlee, G.G. Nucleic Acids Res. 10, 1029–1038. (1982).
Braciale, T.J., Braciale, V.L., Henkel, T.J., Sambrook, J. and Gething, M.J. J. Exp. Med. 159, 341–354. (1984).
Winter, G., Fields, S. and Browmlee, G.G. Nature, 242, 72–75. (1981).
Yewdell, J.W., Frank, E., and Gerhard, W. J. Immunol. 126, 1814–1819. (1981).
Tevethia, S., Tevethia, M., Lewis, A., Reddy, V. and Weissman, S. Virology. 128, 319–330. (1983).
Webster, R.G. and Askonas, B.A. Eur. J. Immunol. 10, 396- 401. (1980).
McMichael, A.J., Gotch, F.M., Cullen, P., Askonas, B.A. and Webster, R.G.ClinEXPImmunol. 43, 276–284. (1981).
Smith. G.L.. Murphy. B.R. and Moss. B. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. U.S.A. 80, 7155–7159, (1983).
McMichael, A.J., Gotch, F.M., Noble, G.R. and Beare, A. S. New. Eng. J. Med. 309, 13–17, (1983).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 The Humana Press Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Townsend, A.R.M., McMichael, A.J., Brownlee, G.G. (1985). Recognition of the Viral Nucleoprotein by Influenza a Specific Cytotoxic T Cells. In: Feldmann, M., Mitchison, N.A. (eds) Immune Regulation. Experimental Biology and Medicine, vol 8. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4996-2_29
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4996-2_29
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9390-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-4996-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive