Abstract
Most people who have had more than cursory experience in the husbandry of nonhuman primate colonies will agree that parasitism is one of the most common disease entities that affects these animals. Numerous protozoal and metazoal genera have been described as infecting the members of all major nonhuman primate groups. Many of these are considered to be nonpathogenic, or at least their detrimental effects upon the host have yet to be eludicated. A large number, however, can produce lesions that result in serious debilitation and can create opportunities for secondary infections that may be fatal. This process appears to be exacerbated by the stress of capture and confinement.
Chapter PDF
References
Abbott DP, Majeed SK (1984) A survey of parasitic lesions in wild-caught laboratory-maintained primates (rhesus, cynomolgus, and baboon). Vet Pathol 21: 198–207.
Aberle SD (1945) Primate malaria. Natl Acad Sci-Natl Res Council Publ, Washington, DC.
Abrambulo PV III, Abass JB, Walker JS (1974) Silvered leaf monkey (Presbytis cristatus). II. Gastrointestinal parasites and their treatment. Lab Anim Sci 24: 299–306.
Adams L (1980) Research scores breakthrough in answer to marmoset disease. Zoo Sounds 16: 11.
Adams MR, Lewis JC, Bullock BC (1984) Hemobartonellosis in squirrel monkeys (Saimirí sciureus) in a domestic breeding colony. Lab Anim Sci 34: 82–85.
Albuquerque RDR, Baretto MP (1969) Estudos sobre reservatorios e vectores sil-vestres de Trypanosoma cruzi, XXXII-infeccão natural do simio Callicebus nigrifons (Spix, 1823) pelo T. cruzi. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 11: 115–122.
Allen AM (1957) Pulmonary hyatid in a rhesus monkey. Arch Path 64: 148 - 151.
Allen AM (1960) Occurrence of the nematode, Anatrichosoma cutaneum, in the nasal mucosae of Macaca mulatta monkeys. Amer J Vet Res 21: 389–392.
Amberson JM, Schwarz E (1952) Ternidens deminatus Railliet and Henry, a nematode parasite of man and primates. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 46: 227–237.
Amyx HL, Asher DM, Nash TE, Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC (1978) Hepatic amebiasis in spider monkeys. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 27: 888–891.
Anastos G (1950) The scutate ticks of Ixodidae of Indonesia. Entomol Amer 30 (New Ser): 1–144.
Anderson DC, McClure HM (1982) Acute disseminated fatal toxoplasmosis in a squirrel monkey. JAVMA 181: 1363 - 1366.
Anderson RC (1957) The life cycles of dipetalonematid nematodes (Filaroidea: Dipetalonematidae): the problem of their evolution. J Helminthol 31: 203–224.
Anderson S (1974) Diseases in freshly imported Proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus). 18th Internationalen Symposium über die Erakrankungen der Zootier Acad Verlag, Berlin, pp 307–312.
Anver MR, King NW, Hunt RD (1972) Congenital encephalitozoonosis in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Vet Pathol 9: 475–480.
Artigas P de T (1933) Sobre o parasitismo do Saimiris sciureus por um Gongilonema (G. saimirisi, N. sp.) e as possibilidades de infestacão humana. Rev Soc Paulista Med Vet 3:83–91. Cited by Dunn FL The parasites of Saimiri in the context of Platyrrhine parasitism. In: Rosenblum LA, Cooper RW (eds) (1968) The squirrel monkey, Chapter 2. Academic, New York, pp 31–68.
Arya SN (1981) A new species of the genus Probstmayria Ransom, 1907 (Nematoda:Atractidae) from the rhesus macaque, Macaca mulatta. Primates 22: 261–265.
Auerbach E (1953) A study of Balantidium coli Stein, 1863 in relation to cytology and behavior in culture. J Morphol 93: 405–445.
Augustine DL (1939) Some observations on some ascarids from a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) with experimental studies on the susceptibility of monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to infection with human and pig ascaris. Amer J Hyg 30: 29–33.
Ayala FM (1961) Hallazgo de Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909 en el mono Saimiri boliviensis de la Amazonia Peruana. Rev Bras Malar Doenc Trop 13: 99–105.
Ayers KM, Jones SR (1978) The cardiovascular system. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of laboratory animals, chapter 1, vol I. Springer- Verlag, New York, pp 2–69.
Baker EW, Evans TM, Gould DJ, Hull WB, Keegan HL (1956) A manual of parasitic mites of medical or economic importance. Tech Publ Natl Pest Control Assoc, New York.
Baker JR (1972) Protozoa of tissues and blood (other than the Haemosporina). In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infections and parasitic diseases. S Karger, Basel, pp 29–56.
Banks N (1901) A new genus of endoparasitic acarians. Geneesk Tidschr Nederl- Indie 41: 334–336.
Barretto MP, Siqueira AF, Ferriolli F, Carvelheiro JR (1966) Estudos sobre reser- vatorios e vectores silvestres do Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 8: 103–112.
Baskin GB, Wolf RH, Worth CL, Soike K, Gibson SV, Bieri JG (1983) Anemia, steatitis, and muscle necrosis in marmosets (Saguinus labiatus). Lab Anim Sci 33: 74–80.
Baskin GB, Eberhard ML, Watson E, Fish R (1984) Diagnostic exercise: skin lesions in sooty mangabeys. Lab Anim Sci 34: 602–603.
Baylis HA (1928) Some further parasitic worms from Sarawak. Ann Mag Nat Hist (10)1:606–608; cited by Inglis WG, Dunn FL (1963) The occurrence of Lemuricola (Nematoda:Oxyurinae) in Malaya: with the description of a new species. Z Parasitenk 23: 354–359.
Baylis HA (1929) A manual of helminthology, medical and veterinary. William Wood, New York. Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Diseases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Beach TD (1936) Experimental studies on human and primate species of strongyloides. V. The free-living phase of the life cycle. Amer J Hyg 23: 243–277.
Beddard FE (1916) On two new species of cestodes belonging to the genera Linstowia and Cotugnia. Proc Zool Soc London, 87: 695–706.
Beiding DL (1965) Textbook of parasitology, 3rd ed. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.
Benirschke K (1979) Diagnostic exercise. Lab Anim Sci 29: 33–34.
Benirschke K (1983) Occurrence of spontaneous diseases. In: Viral and immunological diseases in nonhuman primates. Alan R. Liss, New York, pp 17–30.
Benirschke K, Adams FD (1980) Gorilla diseases and causes of death. J Reprod Fertil Suppl 28: 139–148.
Benirschke K, Low RJ (1970) Acute toxoplasmosis in woolly monkey (Lagothrix spp.). Comp Pathol Bull 2: 3–4.
Benirschke K, Richart R (1960) Spontaneous acute toxoplasmosis in a marmoset monkey. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 9: 269–273.
Benson RE, Fremming BD, Young RJ (1955) Care and management of chimpanzees at the Radiobiological Laboratory of the University of Texas and the United States Air Force, School Aviation Med. US Air Force Rept 55–48.
Berghe van den L, Peel E, Chardome M (1956) Trypanosoma irangiense, N. sp. parasite du singe de nuit Protodicticus [sic] potto ibeanus en Congo beige. Folia Scient Afr Cent 2: 17
Berghe van den L, Chardome M, Peel E (1956) Etude d’un trypanosome du potto. Folia Scient Afr Cent 2: 20.
Berghe van den L, Chardome M, Peel E (1963) Trypanosomes of the African lemurs, Perodicticus potto ibeanus and Galago demidovi thomasi. J Protozool 10: 133–135.
Berghe van den L, Chardome M, Peel E (1964) The filarial parasites of the eastern gorilla in the Congo. J Helminthol 38: 349–368.
Bergner JF Jr, Jachowski LA Jr (1968) The filarial parasite Macacanemaformosana, from the Taiwan monkey and its development in various arthropods. Formosan Sci 22: 1–68.
Bernstein JJ (1972) An epizootic of hydatid disease in captive apes. J Zoo Anim Med 3: 16–20.
Bezubik B, Furmaga S (1960) The parasites in Macacus cynomolgus L. from Indonesia. Acta Parasit Pbl 8: 334 - 344.
Biagi FF, Beitran FH (1969) The challenge of amoebiasis: understanding pathogenic mechanisms. Int Rev Trop Med 3: 219–239.
Bingham GA, Rabstein MM (1964) A study of the effectiveness of thiabendazole in the rhesus monkey. Lab Anim Care 14: 357–365.
Bisseru B (1967) Diseases of man acquired from his pets. William Heinemann Medical Books, London.
Blackie WK (1932) A helminthological survey of southern Rhodesia. Mem London Sch Hyg Trop Med 9: 91.
Blacklock B, Adler S (1922) A parasite resembling Plasmodium falciparum in a chimpanzee. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 16: 99–106.
Blacklock B, Adler J (1922) The pathological effects produced by Strongyloides in a chimpanzee. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 16: 283–290.
Blair WR (1904) Internal parasites in wild animals. Rep NY Zool Soc 8: 129.
Blair WR (1912) Some common affections of the respiratory tract and digestive organs among primates. Zoologica 1; 175–186, 1912. Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Dis-eases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Blanchard R, Langeron M (1913) Le paludisme des macaques (.Plasmodium cynomolgi Mayer, 1907). Arch Parasitol 15: 529–542.
Boever WJ, Britt J (1975) Hydatid disease in a mandrill baboon. JAVMA 167: 619–621.
Böhm LK, Supperer R (1955) Zwei neue Lungenmilben aus Menschenaffen: Pneu- monyssus oudemansi and Pneumonyssus vitzthumi (Ascarina, Halarachnidae). Oest Zool Z 6: 11–29.
Bond VP, Bostic W, Hansen EL, Anderson AH (1946) Pathologie study of natural amebic infection in macaques. Amer J Trop Med 26: 625–629.
Bonne C, Sandground JH (1939) On the production of gastric tumors, bordering on malignancy in Javanese monkeys through the agency of Nochtia nochti, a parasitic nematode. Amer J Cancer 37: 173–185.
Bostrom RC, Slaughter LJ (1968) Trematode (Athesmia foxi) infection in two squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Lab Anim Care 18: 493–495.
Bostrom RE, Ferrell JF, Martin JE (1968) Simian amebiasis with lesions simulating human amebic dysentery. Abstr 51 19th Ann Meeting Amer Assoc Lab Anim Sci, Las Vegas.
Brack M, Niemitz C (1984) The parasites of wild-caught tarsiers (Tarsius bancanus). In: Niemitz C (ed) Biology of tarsiers. Gustav Fischer Verlag, New York, pp 77–84.
Brack M, Myers BJ, Kuntz RE (1973) Pathogenic properties of Molineus torulosus in capuchin monkeys, Cebus apella. Lab Anim Sci 23: 360–365.
Brack M, Boncyk LH, Kalter SS (1974) Filaroides cebus (Gebauer, 1933)— parasitism and respiratory infections in Cebus apella. J Med Primatol 3: 164–173.
Brannon MJC, Faust EC (1949) Preparation and testing of a specific antigen for diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 29: 229–239.
Bray RS (1956) Studies on malaria in chimpanzees: I. The erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium reichenowi. J Parasitol 42: 588–592.
Bray RS (1957) Studies on malaria in chimpanzees: III. Gametogony of Plasmodium reichenowi. Ann Soc Beige Med Trop 37: 169–174.
Bray RS (1958) Studies on malaria in chimpanzees: V. The sporogonous cycle and mosquito transmission of Plasmodium vivax schwetzi. J Parasitol 44: 46–51.
Bray RS (1959) Pre-erythrocytic stages of human malaria parasites: Plasmodium malariae. Brit Med J 2: 679–680.
Bray RS (1960) Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. VIII. The experimental trans-mission and pre-erythrocytic phase of Plasmodium malariae, with a note on the host-range of the parasite. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 9: 455–465.
Bray RS (1963) Malaria infections in primates and their importance to man. Ergeb Mikrobiol Immunitätsfor Exp Therap 36: 168–213.
Bray RS (1963) The malaria parasites of anthropoid apes. J Parasitol 49: 888–898.
Bray RS (1964) A check-list of the parasitic protozoa of west Africa with some notes on their classification. Bull Inst for Afr Noire 26: 238–315.
Brede HD, Burger PJ (1977) Physaloptera caucasica (= abbreviata caucasica) in the South African baboon (Papio ursinus). Arbeiten aus dem Paul-Ehreich-Institut und dem Georg—Speyer-Hause 71: 119–122.
Breznock AW, Pulley TL (1975) Anatrichosoma infection in two white-handed gibbons. JAVMA 167: 631.
Britz WE Jr, Fineg J, Cook JE, Miksche ED (1961) Restraint and treatment of young chimpanzees. JAVMA 138: 653–658.
Brooks BA (1963) More notes on Saimiri sciureus. Lab Primate Newslett 2: 3–4.
Brown HW, Perna VP (1958) An overwhelming strongyloides infection. JAVMA 138: 653–658.
Brown RJ (1969) Acanthocephalan myositis in a bushbaby. JAVMA 155: 1141–1143.
Brown RJ, Hinkle DK, Trevethan SP, Kupper JL, McKee AE (1972) Nosematosis in a squirrel monkey ( Saimiri sciureus ). J Med Primatol 2: 114–123.
Brug SL (1934) Observations on monkey malaria. Riv Malar 13: 121–142.
Brumpt E (1939) Les parasites du paludisme des chimpanzés. CR Sc Soc Biol 130: 837–840.
Brumpt E, Joyeux C (1912) Sur un infusoire nouveau parasite du chimpanzé Troglodytella abrassarti, n. g, n. sp. Bull Soc Path Exot 5: 499–503.
Brumpt E, Urbain A (1938) Epizootie vermineuse por acanthocéphales (Prosthenorchis) ayant sévi ala singerie due Museum de Paris. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 16: 289–300.
Bück G, Coudurier J, Quesnel JJ (1952) Sur deux nouveaux Plasmodium observés chez un lémurien de Madagascar splénectomisé. Arch Institut Pasteur d’Algérie 30: 240–243.
Buckley JJC (1931) On two new species of Enterobius from the monkey Lagothrix humboldti. J Helminthol 9: 133–140.
Buckley JJC (1949) Cysticerci in liver and lung of ring-tailed lemur. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 43: 2.
Buckley JJC (1960) On Brugia gen. nov. for Wuchereria sp. of the “malayi” group, i.e. W. malayi (Brug, 1927), W. pahangi Buckley and Edeson, 1956, and W. pateri Buckley, Nelson and Heisch, 1958. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 54: 75–77.
Bullock BC, Wolf RH, Clarkson TB (1967) Myocarditis associated with trypanosomiasis in a Cebus monkey (Cebus albifrons). JAVMA 151: 920–922.
Burrows RB (1965) Microscopic diagnosis of the parasites of man V I. Yale University Press, New Haven.
Burrows RB (1972) Protozoa of the intestinal tract. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infectious and parasitic diseases. S Karger, Basel, pp 2–28.
Burton FD, Underwood C (1976) Intestinal helminths in Macaca sylvanus of Gibraltar. Can J Zool 54: 1406–1407.
Butler TM (1973) The chimpanzee. In: Selected topics in laboratory animal medicine. Vol XVI: Aeromedical Review 1–73. USAF Sch Aerospace Med, Aerospace Med Div (AFSC), Brooks AFB, Texas, pp 1–81.
Bywater JEC, Mann KH (1960) Infestation of a monkey with the leech Dinobdella ferox. Vet Ree 72: 955.
Caballero y CE, Peregrina DI (1938) Nematodes de los mamiferos de México, I. An Inst Biol Univ Méx 18: 169.
Cahill KM (1967) Thabendazole in massive strongyloidiasis. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 16: 451–453.
Cameron TWM (1929) The species of Enterobius Leach, in primates. J Helminthol 7: 161–182.
Casey HW, Ayers KM, Robinson FR (1978) The urinary system. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of laboratory animals, chapter 3, vol I. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 116–173.
Castellani A, Chalmers AJ (1910) Manual of tropical medicine. Ballière, Tindall and Cox, London.
Castellani A, Chalmers AJ (1913) Manual of tropical medicine, 2nd ed. Ballière, Tindall and Cox, London.
Chabuad AG (1952) Le genre Dipetalonema Diesing 1861: essai de classification. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 27: 250–285.
Chabaud AG (1955) Essai d’interprétation phylétique des cycles évolutifs chez les nématodes parasites de vertèbres. Conclusions taxo-moniques. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 30: 83–126.
Chabaud AG, Anderson RC (1959) Nouvel essai de classification des filaires (super-famille des Filarioidea) II. Ann Parsitol Hum Comp 34: 64–87.
Chabaud AG, Choquet MT (1953) Nouveau essai de classification des filaires super-famille des Filarioidea. Ann Parasitai Hum Comp 28: 172–192.
Chabaud AG, Choquet MT (1954) Nymphes du pentastome Gigliolella (n. gen.) brumpti (Giglioli, 1922) chez un Lemurien. Riv Parassitol 15: 331–336.
Chabaud AG, Choquet MT (1955) Deux nématodes parasites de lémurien. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 30: 329.
Chabaud AG, Petter AJ (1958) Les nematodes parasites de lémuriens Malgaches. I. Mém Inst Sci Madagascar Ser A 12:139-158. Cited by Inglis WG, Dunn FL (1963) The occurrence of Lemuricola (Nematoda:Oxyurinae) in Malaya: with the description of a new species. Z Parasitenkunde 23: 354–359.
Chabaud AG, Petter AJ (1959) Les nematodes parasites de lémuriens Malgaches. H. Un nouvel oxyure: Lemuricola contagiosus. Mém Inst Sci Madagascar Ser A 13:127–132. Cited by Inglis WG, Dunn FL (1963) The occurrence of Lemuricola (Nematoda:Oxyurinae) in Malaya: with the description of a new species. Z Parasitenkunde 23: 354–359.
Chabaud AG, Petter AJ, Golvan YJ (1961) Les nematodes parasites de lémuriens Malgaches. HI. Collection recolteé par M et Mme Francis Petter. Ann Parasit Hum Comp 36:113–126. Cited by Inglis WG, Dunn FL (1963) The occurrence oí Lemuri-cola (Nematoda:Oxyurinae) in Malaya: with the description of a new species. Z Parasitenkunde 23: 354–359.
Chagas C (1909) Neue Trypanosomen. Vorläufige Mitteilung Arch Schiffsu Tropen- Hyg 13: 120–122.
Chagas C (1924) Infection naturelle des singes due para (Chrysothrix sciureus L.) par Trypanosoma cruzi. CR Soc Biol 90: 873–876.
Chalifoux LV, Hunt RD, Gareía FG, Sehgal PK, Comiskey JR (1973) Filariasis in New World monkeys: histochemical differentiation of circulating microfilariae. Lab Anim Sci 23: 211–220.
Chalmers DT, Murgatroyd LB, Wadsworth PF (1983) A survey of the pathology of marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) derived from a marmoset breeding unit. Lab Anim 17: 270–279.
Chandler AC (1925) New records of Bertiella satyri (cestoda) in man and apes. Parasitol Cambr 17: 421–425.
Chandler AC (1929) Some new genera and species of nematode worms, filarioidea, from animals dying in the Calcutta Zoological Garden. Proc US Nat Mus 75: 1.
Chandler AC (1953) An outbreak of Prosthenorchis (Acanthocephala) infection in primates in the Houston Zoological Garden, and a report of this parasite in Nasua narica in Mexico. J Parasitol 39: 226.
Chandler AC, Read CP (1961) Introduction to parasitology, with special reference to the parasites of man, 10th ed. John Wiley, New York.
Chandler FW, McClure HM, Campbell WG Jr, Watts JC (1976) Pulmonary pneu-mocystosis in nonhuman primates. Arch Pathol Lab Med 100: 163–167.
Chang J, McClure HM (1975) Disseminated oesophagostomiasis in the rhesus monkey. JAVMA 167: 628–630.
Chang J, Kornegay RW, Wagner JL, Mikat EM, Hackel DB (1980) Toxoplasmosis in a sifaka. In: Montali RJ, Migaki G (eds) The comparative pathology of zoo animals. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp 347–352.
Chang PCH, Graham GL (1957) Parasitism, parthenogenesis and polyploidy: the life cycle of Strongyloidespapillosus. J Parasitol Suppl 43: 13.
Chapman WL, Crowell WA, Isaac W (1973) Spontaneous lesions seen at necropsy in 7 owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus). Lab Anim Sci 23: 434–442.
Chardome M, Peel E (1949) La répartition des filaires dans la region de Coquilhat- ville et la transmission de Dipetalonema streptocerca par Culicoides grahami. Ann Soc Beige Med Trop 29: 99–119.
Chase RE, Degaris CF (1938) Anomalies of venae cavae superiores in an orang. Amer J Phys Anthro 24: 61–65.
Cheever AW, Kirschstein RL, Reardon LV (1970) Schistosoma mansoni infection of presumed natural origin in Cercopithecus monkeys from Tanzania and Ethiopia. Bull World Health Org 42: 486–490.
Cheng TC (1964) The biology of animal parasites. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Chin W, Contacos PG, Coatney GR, Kimball HR (1965) A naturally acquired quotidian-type malaria in man transferable to monkeys. Science 149: 865.
Chitwood M (1970) Comparative relationships of some parasites of man and Old and New World subhuman primates. Lab Anim Care 20: 389–394.
Chitwood M, Lichtenfels JR (1972) Identification of parasitic metazoa in tissue sections. Exper Parasitol 32: 407–519.
Chitwood MB, Smith WN (1958) A redescription of Anatrichosoma cynomolgi Smith and Chitwood 1954. Proc Helminthol Soc, Washington, DC 25: 112–117.
Christeller E (1922) Über die Balantidienruhr bei den Schimpansen des Berliner Zoologischen Gartens. Virchows Arch 238:396–422. Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Dis-eases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Christensen LT (1964) Chimp and owners share worm infestation. Vet Med 59: 801–803.
Cicmanec JL, Neva FA, McClure HM, Loeb WF (1974) Accidental infection of laboratory-reared Macaca mulatta with Trypanosoma cruzi. Lab Anim Sci 24: 783–787.
Clark JD (1969) Coenurosis in a Gelada baboon (Theropithecus gelada). JAVMA 155: 1258–1263.
Clarkson TB, Bullock BC, Lehner NDM, Manning PJ (1970) Diseases affecting the usefulness of nonhuman primates for nutrition research. In: Harris RS (ed) Feeding and nutrition of nonhuman primates. Academic, New York, pp 233–250.
Coatney GR, Collins WE, Warren McW, Contacos PG (1971) The primate malarias. US Govt Printing Office, Washington, DC, pp 1–366.
Coatney GR, Elbel RE, Kocharantana P (1960) Some blood parasites found in birds and mammals from Loei Province, Thailand. J Parasitol 46: 701–702.
Cockburn TA (1948) Balantidium infection associated with diarrhoea in primates. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 42: 291–293.
Cockrell BY, Valerio MG, Garner FM (1974) Cryptosporidiosis in the intestines of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Lab Anim Sci 24: 881–887.
Colley FC, Mullin SW (1972) Eimeria paehylepyron sp. n. (Protozoa:Eimeriidae) from the slow loris in Malaysia. J Parasitol 58: 110–111.
Collins WE (1974) Primate malarias. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med 18: 1–23.
Collins WE, Contacos PG, Garnham PCC, Warren MSW, Skinner JC (1972) Plasmodium hylobati: a malaria parasite of the gibbon. J Parasitol 58: 123–128.
Conrad HD, Wong MM (1969) Anatrichosoma sp. in Old World non-human primates. Program and Abstracts. No 52, p 41. 44th Ann Meeting Amer Soc Parasitologists, 3–7 Nov, Washington, DC. Cited by Orihel TC (1970) Anatrichosomiasis in African monkeys. J Parasitol 56: 982–985.
Conran PB (1967) Monkey malaria. Abstr 38, 18th Ann Meeting Amer Assoc Lab Animal Sci, Washington, DC.
Cooley RA, Kohls GM (1944) The Argasidae of North America, Central America and Cuba. Amer Midi Natur Monogr 1.
Cooreman J (1946) Observations sur Pneumonyssus duttoni Newstead et Todd. Acarien parasite de la trachée de Cercopithecus ascanius Audebert au Congo beige. Rev Zool Bot Afr 39: 331–335.
Copeland BE, Kimber J (1968) Nuclear size in diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica on stained smears. Amer J Clin Path 38: 664–668.
Cosgrove GE (1966) The trematodes of laboratory primates. Lab Anim Care 16: 23–39.
Cosgrove GE, Nelson B, Gengozian N (1968) Helminth parasites of the tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis. Lab Anim Care 18: 654–656.
Cosgrove GE, Humanson G, Lushbaugh CC (1970) Trichospirura leptostoma, a nematode of the pancreatic ducts of marmosets (Saguinus spp.). JAVMA 157: 696–698.
Cosgrove GE, Nelson BM, Self JT (1970) The pathology of pentastomid infection in primates. Lab Anim Care 20: 354–360.
Cram EB (1928) A species of the genus Bertiella in man and chimpanzees in Cuba. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 8: 339–344.
Crosby WM, Ivey MH, Shaffer WL, Holmes DD (1968) Echinococcus cysts in the Savannah baboon. Lab Anim Care 18: 395–397.
Cruz AA da, De Sousa L (1959) Armillifer armillatus in chimpanzee (Pan satyrus verus). Rev Cien Vet 54: 21–24.
Cummings BF (1916) Studies on the Anoplura and Mallophaga being a report upon a collection from the mammals and birds in the Society’s gardens. Proc Zool Soc London 1: 253–295.
Cummins LB, Keeling ME, McClure HM (1973) Preventive medicine in anthropoids: parasite control. Lab Anim Sci 23: 819–822.
Cunha A da, Muniz J (1929) Nota sobre os parasitas intestinaes do Macacus rhesus com a descripcäo de una nova especie de Octomitus. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz Suppl 5: 34–35.
Curasson GCM (1929) Troglodytella abrassarti inftisoire pathogène du chimpanzé. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 7: 465–468.
Das KM (1965) Discussion. In: Ribelin WE, McCoy JR (eds) Pathology of labora-tory animals. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, IL, pp 363–364.
Deane LM (1962) Infeccäo natural sagüi Callithrix jacchus por tripanosoma do tipo cruzi. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 4: 225–229.
Deane LM (1964) Animal reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi in Brazil. Rev Bras Malar Doenc Trop 16: 27–48.
Deane LM (1967) Tripanosomídeos de mamiferos de regiao Amazónico. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 9: 143–148.
Deane LM, Damasceno RG (1961) Tripanosomídeos de mamiferos de regiäo Amazónico. II. Tripanosomas de macacos de zona de Salgado, estado do Pará. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 3: 61–70.
Deane LM, Martins R (1952) Sobre um tripanosoma encontrado em macaco da Amazonia e que evolui em triatomineos. Rev Bras Malar Doenc Trop 4: 47–61.
Deane LM, Deane MP, Neto JF (1966) Studies on transmission of simian malaria and on a natural infection of man with Plasmodium simium in Brazil. Bull World Health Org 35: 805–808.
Deane LM, Ferreira N, Sitonio JG (1968) Novo hospedeiro natural do Plasmodium simium e do Plasmodium brasilianum: o mono, Brachyteles arachnoïdes. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 10: 287–288.
Deane LM, Batista D, Ferreria Neto JA, DeSouza H (1970) Tripanosomídeos de mamiferos da região Amazônico. V. Trypanosoma lambrechti Marinkelle, 1968, em macacos de Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 12: 1–7.
Deinhardt JB, Devine J, Passovoy M, Pohlman R, Deinhardt F (1967) Marmosets as laboratory animals. I. Care of marmosets in the laboratory. Pathology and outline of statistical evaluation of data. Lab Anim Care 17: 11–29.
Deinhardt F, Holmes AW, Devine J, Deinhardt Jean (1969) Marmosets as laboratory animals. IV. The microbiology of laboratory kept marmosets. Lab Anim Care 17: 48–70.
De Korté WE (1905) On the presence of sarcosporidium in the thigh muscles of Macaca rhesus. J Hyg 5: 451–453.
DePaoli A (1965) Schistosoma haematobium in the chimpanzee—a natural infection. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 14: 561–565.
DePaoli A, Johnsen DO (1978) Fatal strongyloidiasis in gibbons (Hylobates lar). Vet Pathol 15: 31–39.
Deschiens REA (1927) Sur les protozoaires intestinaux des singes. Bull Soc Path Exot 20:19–23. Cited by Miller MJ, Bray RS (1966) Entamoeba histolytica infections in the chimpanzee (Pan satyrus). J Parasitol 52: 386–388.
Deschiens REA, Limousin H, Troisic J (1927) Eléments preséntant les caractères d’un protozoaire sanguicole observés chez le chimpanzé. Bull Soc Path Exot 20: 597–600.
Desowitz RS (1968) Hepatocystis sp. from a gibbon. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 62: 4.
Desowitz RS (1970) Observations on hepatocystis of white-cheeked gibbon (Hylobates concolor). J Parasitol 56: 444–446.
Desportes C (1945) Sur Strongyloides stercoralis (Bavay 1876) et sur les stron- gyloides des primates. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 20: 160–190.
Desportes C, Roth P (1943) Helminthes récoltés au cours d’autopsies pratiquées sur différents mammiferes morts â la ménagerie due Muséum de Paris. Bull Musée Hist Nat Paris 15:108–114. Cited by Dunn FL (1968) The parasites of Saimiri in the con-text of Platyrrhine parasitism. In: Rosenblum LA, Cooper RW (eds) The squirrel monkey. Academic, New York, pp 31–68.
Dickson J, Fry J, Fairfax R, Spence T (1983) Epidemic toxoplasmosis in captive squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Vet Ree 12: 302.
Dissanaike AS (1958) On hydatid infection in a Ceylon toque monkey Macaca sinica. Ceylon Vet 7: 33–35.
Dissanaike AS, Nelson P, Garnham PCC (1965) Two new malaria parasites, Plasmo-dium cynomolgi ceylonensis subsp. nov. and Plasmodium fragile sp. nov., from mon-keys in Ceylon. Ceylon J Med Sci 14: 1–9.
Dissanaike AS, Nelson P, Garnham PCC (1965) Plasmodium simiovale sp. nov. A new simian malaria parasite from Ceylon. Ceylon J Med Sci 14: 27–32.
Dobell C (1931) Researches on the intestinal protozoa of monkeys and man. IV. An experimental study of the histolytica-like species of Entamoeba living naturally in macaques. Parasitology 23: 1–72.
Döbereiner J (1955) Toxoplasmose espontânea em macaco. Veterinaria 9: 44–55.
Dodd K, Murphy E (1970) Dipetalonema gracile in a capuchin monkey (Cebus capucinus). Vet Ree 87: 538–539.
Dollifus RP, Chabaud, AG (1955) Cing espèces de nématodes chez un atéle mort â la ménagerie du muséum. Arch Musée Natl Hist Nat 3:27–40. Cited by Dunn FL (1968) The parasites of Saimiri in the context of Platyrrhine parasitism. In: Rosenblum LA, Cooper RW (eds) The squirrel monkey. Academic, New York, pp 31–68.
Donovan JC, Stokes WS, Montrey RD, Rozmiarek H (1983) Hematologic charac-terization of naturally occurring malaria (Plasmodium inui) in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Lab Anim Sci 33: 86–89.
Dougherty EC (1943) The genus Filaroides van Beneden, 1858, and its relatives. Preliminary note. Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 10: 69–74.
Dougherty EC (1952) A note on the genus Metathelazia Skinker, 1931 (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae). Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 19: 55–63.
Dubey JP (1973) Feline toxoplasmosis and coccidiosis: a survey of domiciled and stray cats. JAVMA 162: 873–877.
Dubey JP (1976) A review of sarcocystis of domestic animals and of other coccidia of cats and dogs. JAVMA 169: 1061–1078.
Dubey JP, Swan GV, Frenkel JK (1972) A simplified method for isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from the feces of cats. J Parasitol 58: 1005–1006.
Dubin IN, Wilcox A (1947) Sarcocystis in Macaca mulatta. J Parasitol 33: 151–153.
Dubois G (1966) Un néodiplostome (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae) chez le tamarin Leontocebus nigricollis (Spix). Rev Suisse Zool 73: 37–42.
Duke BOL (1954) The transmission of loiasis in the forest-fringe area of the British Cameroons. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 48: 349–355.
Duke BOL (1954) The uptake of the microfilariae of Acanthocheilonema strep- tocerca by Culicoides grahamii, and their subsequent development. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 48: 416–420.
Duke BOL (1955) The development of Loa in flies of the genus Chrysops and the probable significance of the different species in the transmission of loiasis. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 49: 115–121.
Duke BOL (1956) The intake of the microfilariae of Acanthocheilonema perstans by Culicoides grahamii and C. inornatipennis, and their subsequent development. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 50: 32–38.
Duke BOL (1960) Studies on loiasis in monkeys. HI. The pathology of the spleen in drills (Mandrillus leucophaeus) infected with Loa. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 54: 141–146.
Duke BOL, Wijers DJB (1958) Studies on loiasis in monkeys. I. The relationship between human and simian Loa in the rain-forest zone of the British Cameroons. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 52: 158–175.
Dumas J (1953) Les animaux de laboratoire Paris (Ed. Médicales Flammarion, Paris). Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Diseases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Dunn FL (1961) Molineus vexillarius sp. n. (Nematoda:Trichostrongylidae) from a Peruvian primate Tamarinus nigricollis (Spix, 1823). J Parasitol 47: 953–956.
Dunn FL (1962) Raillietina (R.) trinitatae (Cameron and Reesal, 1951), Baer and Sandars, 1956 (Cestoda) from a Peruvian primate. Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 29: 148–152.
Dunn FL (1963) A new trichostrongylid nematode from an oriental primate. Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 30: 161 - 165.
Dunn FL (1963) Acanthocephalans and cestodes of South American monkeys and marmosets. J Parasitol 49: 717–722.
Dunn FL (1964) Blood parasites of Southeast Asian primitive primates. J Parasitol 50: 214–216.
Dunn FL (1965) On the antiquity of malaria in the Western Hemisphere. Hum Biol 37: 385–393.
Dunn FL (1968) The parasites of Saimiri in the context of Platy rrhine parasitism. In: Rosenblum LA, Cooper RW (eds) The squirrel monkey. Academic, New York, pp 31–68.
Dunn FL (1970) Natural infection in primates: helminths and problems in primate phylogeny, ecology, and behavior. Lab Anim Care 20: 383–388.
Dunn FL, Greer WE (1962) Nematodes resembling Ascaris lumbricoides L., 1758, from a Malayan gibbon, Hylobates agilis F. Cuvier, 1821. J Parasitol 48: 150.
Dunn FL, Lambrecht FL (1963) On some filarial parasites of South American primates with a description of Tetrapetalonema tamarinae n. sp. from the Peruvian tamarin marmoset, Tamarinus nigricollis (Spix, 1823). J Helminthol 37: 261–286.
Dunn FL, Lambrecht FL (1963) The hosts of Plasmodium brasilianum Gonder and von Berenberg-Gossler, 1908. J Parasitol 49: 316–319.
Dunn FL, Lambrecht FL, du Plessis R (1963) Trypanosomes of South American monkeys and marmosets. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 12: 524–534.
Dunn FL, Lim BL, Yap LF (1968) Endoparasites patterns in mammals of the Malayan rain forest. Ecology 49: 1179 - 1184.
Durden LA, DeBruyn EJ (1984) Louse infestations of tree shrews (Tupaia glis). Lab Anim Sci 34: 188–190.
Durette-Desset M-C, Palmieri JR, Purnomo, Cassone J (1981) Two new species of Tupaiostrongylus Dunn, 1963 (Nematoda: Molineidae) from a tree shrew (Tupaia tana) of Indonesia. System Parasitol 3:237–242.
Durette-Desset MD, Chabaud AG (1975) Sur trois nematodes trichostrongylides parasites de Tupaiidae. Ann Parasitol 50: 173 - 185.
Duszynski DW, File SK (1974) Structure of oocyst and excystation of sporozoites of Isospora endocallimici n. sp. from marmoset Callimico goeldii. Trans Amer Micr Soc 93: 403 - 408.
Dutton JE, Todd JL, Tobey EN (1906) Concerning certain parasitic protozoa observed in Africa. Mem Lpool Sch Trop Med 21: 87 - 97.
Eastin CE, Roeckel I (1968) Trypanosoma cruzi complicating Prosthenorchis infestation in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Abst 52 19th Ann Meeting Amer Assoc Lab Animal Sci, Las Vegas.
Eberhard ML (1981) Intestinal parasitism in an outdoor breeding colony of Macaca mulatta. Lab Anim Sci 31: 282 - 285.
Edeson JFB, Wharton RH, Laing ABG (1960) A preliminary account of the trans-mission, maintenance and laboratory vectors of Brugia pahangi. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 54: 439 - 449.
Edsall G, Gaines S, Landy M, Tigertt WD, Sprinz H, Trapani RJ, Mandel AD, Benenson AS (1960) Studies on infection and immunity in experimental typhoid fever. I. Typhoid fever in chimpanzees orally infected with Salmonella typhosa. J Exp Med 112: 143-166.
Eichhorn A, Gallagher B (1916) Spontaneous amoebic dysentery in monkeys. J Inf Dis 19: 395 - 407.
Eisenbrandt DL, Floering DA, David TD, McKee AE (1978) Scanning electron microscopy of a cryofractured hydatid cyst. In: Scanning electron microscopy, vol II. SEM, AMF O’Hare, IL, pp 229 - 233.
Eisenstein R, Innes JRM (1956) Sarcosporidiosis in man and animals. Vet Rev Annot 2: 61 - 78.
Elek SR, Finkelstein LE (1939) Multiceps serialis infestation in a baboon. Report of a case exhibiting multiple connective tissue masses. Zoologica: Sci Contrib NY Zool Soc 24: 323-328.
Else JG, Satzger M, Sturrock RF (1982) Natural infections of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium in Cercopithecus monkeys in Kenya. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 76: 111 - 112.
Essbach H (1949) Strongyloidose beim Schimpansen. Beitr Path Anat 110:319- 345. Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Diseases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Esslinger JH (1962) Hepatic lesions in rats experimentally infected with Porocepha- lus crotali (Pentastomida). J Parasitol 48: 631 - 638.
Esslinger JH (1966) Dipetalonema obtusa (McCoy, 1936) comb. n. (Filari- oidea:Onchocercidae) in Colombian primates, with a description of the adult. J Parasitol 52: 498 - 502.
Esslinger JH, Gardiner CH (1974) Dipetalonema barbascalensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from the owl monkey, Aotus trivirgatus, with a consideration of the sta-tus of Parlitomosa zakii Nagaty, 1935. J Parasitol 60: 1001 - 1005.
Evans LB (1978) Fatal parasitism among free living bushbabies. J S Afr Vet Assoc 49: 67 - 69.
Ewing HE (1929) Notes on the lung mites of primates (Acarina, Dermanyssidae), including the description of a new species. Proc Ent Soc Wash 31: 126 - 130.
Ewing HE (1932) A new sucking louse from the chimpanzee. Proc Biol Soc Washington 45: 117 - 118.
Ewing SA, Heiland DR, Anthony HD, Leipold HW (1968) Occurrence of Athesmia sp. in the cinnamon ringtail monkey Cebus albifrons. Lab Anim Care 18: 488 - 492.
Eyles DE (1963) The species of simian malaria: taxonomy, morphology, life cycle, and geographical distribution of the monkey species. J Parasitol 49: 866 - 887.
Eyles DE, Warren McW (1962) Plasmodium inui in Sulawesi. J Parasitol 48: 739.
Eyles DE, Warren McW (1963) Hepatocystis from Macaca irus in Java. J Parasitol 49: 891.
Eyles DE, Coatney GR, Getz ME (1960) Vivax-type malaria parasite of macaques transmissible to man. Science 131: 1812 - 1813.
Eyles DE, Fong YL, Warren McW, Guinn E, Sandosham AA, Wharton RH (1962) Plasmodium coatneyi, a new species of primate malaria from Malaya. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 11: 597 - 604.
Eyles DE, Laing ABG, Dobrovolny CG (1962) The malaria parasites of the pig- tailed macaque Macaca nemestrina nemestrina (Linnaeus), in Malaya. Ind J Malar 16: 285 - 298.
Eyles DE, Laing ABG, Fong YL (1962) Plasmodium fieldi sp. nov., a new species of malaria parasite from the pig-tailed macaque in Malaya. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 56: 242 - 247.
Eyles DE, Warren McW, Fong YL, Sandosham AA, Dunn FL (1962) A malaria parasite of Malayan gibbons. Med J Malaya 17: 86.
Eyles DE, Fong YL, Dunn FL, Guinn E, Warren McW, Sandosham AA (1964) Plas-modium youngi n. sp., a malaria parasite of the Malayan gibbon, Hylobates lar lar. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 13: 248-255.
Ezzat MAE, Gaafar SM (1951) Tetrathyridium sp. in a Syke’s monkey (Cercopithe- eus albogulars) from Giza Zoological Gardens, Egypt. J Parasitol 37: 392-394.
Fain A (1952) Sur les acariens parasites du genre Pneumonyssus au Congo Belge. Description de deux espèces nouvelles chez le daman et le colobe. Rev Zool Bot Afr 45: 358 - 382.
Fain A (1955) Deux nouveaux acariens de la famille Halarachnidae Oudemans, para-sites des fosses nasales des singes au Congo Belge et au Ruanda-Urandi. Rev Zool Bot Afr 51: 307 - 324.
Fain A (1956) Coenurus of Taenia brauni setti parasitic in man and animals from the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Ufundi. Nature 178: 1353.
Fain A (1957) L’acariase pulmonaire chez le chimpanzé et le gorille par des acariens du genre Pneumonyssus Banks. Rev Zool Bot Afr 56: 234 - 242.
Fain A (1958) Un nouveau parasite de l’orang-utan Rhinophaga pongoicola n. sp. (Acarina-Halarachnidae). Rev Zool Bot Afr 58: 323 - 327.
Fain A (1959) Les acariens du genre Pneumonyssus Banks, parasites endopul- monaires des singes au Congo Belge (Halarachnidae:Mesostigmata). Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 34: 126 - 148.
Fain A (1959) Deux nouveaux acariens nasicoles chez un singe platyrrhinien Saimiri sciurea (L). Bull Soc Roy Zool Anvers 12: 3 - 12.
Fain A (1961) Pneumonyssus duttoni Newstead et Todd (1906) est une espèce com-posite. Description des deux espèces du complex duttoni (Mesostigmata: Halarach-nidae). Rev Zool Bot Afr 63: 213 - 226.
Fain A (1961) Sur le statut de deux espèces d’acariens du genre Pneumonyssus Banks déscrites par H. Vitzthum. Désignation d’un neotype pour Pneumonyssus simicola Banks, 1901 (Mesostigmata:Halarachnidae). Z Parasitenk 21: 141 - 150.
Fain A (1961) Le pentastomidés de l’Afrique Centrale. Ann Mus Roy Afr Centr Ser 8 Sci Zool 92: 1 - 115.
Fain A (1962) Pangorillages pani g.n., sp. n. Acarien psorique du chimpanzé (Psoralqidae:Sarcoptiformes). Rev Zool Bot Afr 66: 283 - 290.
Fain A (1963) Les acariens producteurs de gale chez les lemuriens et les singes avec une étude des Psoroptidae (Sarcoptiformes). Bull Inst Roy Sci Nat Belg 39: 1 - 125.
Fain A (1964) Les Lemurnyssidae parasites nasicoles des Lorisidae africains et des Cebidae sud-américains. Description d’une espèce nouvelle (Acarina: Sarcopti-formes). Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 44: 453 - 458.
Fain A (1965) Notes sur le genre Notoedres Railliet, 1893 (Sarcoptidae:Sarcopti-formes). Acarologia 7: 321 - 342.
Fain A (1965) Nouveaux genres et espèces d’acariens Sarcoptiformes parasites (note préliminaire). Rev Zool Bot Afr 72: 252 - 256.
Fain A (1965) A review of the family Rhyncoptidae:Lawrence, parasitic on porcu-pines and monkeys (Acarina:Sarcoptiformes). In: Naegele JA (ed) Advances in acarology, vol II. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, pp 135 - 159.
Fain A (1966) Pentastomida of snakes—their parasitological role in man and animals. Mem Inst Butantan (Sâo Paulo) 33: 167 - 174.
Fain A (1966) Les acariens producteurs de gale chez les lémuriens et les singes. II. Nouvelles observations avec description d’une espèce nouvelle. Acarologia 8: 94 - 114.
Fain A (1967) Diagnoses d’acariens Sarcoptiformes nouveaux. Rev Zool Bot Afr 65: 378 - 382.
Fain A (1968) Étude de la variabilité de Sarcoptes scabei avec une revision des Sar- coptidae. Acta Zool Pathol Antverp 47: 3 - 196.
Fain A (1968) Notes sur trois acariens remarquables (Sarcoptiformes). Acarologia 10: 276 - 291.
Fain A, Schobbens S (1947) Lésions histopathologiques produites per l’acarien parasite Pneumonyssus duttoni. Newst et Todd. Rev Zool Bot Afr 40: 12-16.
Fain A, Mignolet G, Bereznay Y (1958) L’acariase des voies respiratoires chez les singes due Zoo d’Anvers. Bull Soc Roy Zool Anvers 9: 15 - 19.
Fairbairn H (1948) The occurrence of a piroplasm Entopolypoides macaci, in East African monkeys. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 42: 118.
Fairbrother RW, Hurst EW (1932) Spontaneous diseases observed in 600 monkeys. J Path Bact 35: 867 - 873.
Faust EC (1928) Studies on Thelazia callipaeda. Railliet and Henry, 1910. J Parasitol 15: 75 - 86.
Faust EC (1933) Experimental studies on human and primate species of Stron- gyloides. II. The development of Strongyloides in the experimental host. Amer J Hyg 18: 114 - 132.
Faust EC (1935) Notes on helminths from Panama. III. Filarial infection in the mar-mosets, Leontocebus geoffroyi (Pucheron) and Saimiri ôrstedii (Reinhardt) in Panama. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 28: 627.
Faust EC (1936) Strongyloides and strongyloidiasis. Rev Parasitol (Havana) 2: 315 - 341.
Faust EC (1967) Athesmia (Trematoda:Dicrocoeliidae) Odhner, 1911 liver fluke of monkeys from Colombia, South America, and other mammalian hosts. Trans Amer Micro se Soc 86: 113 - 119.
Faust EC, Beaver PC, Jung RC (1968) Animal agents and vectors of human disease, 3rd ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
Fenstermacher R, Jellison WL (1932) Porcupine louse infesting the monkey. J Parasitol 18: 294.
Fenwick A (1969) Baboons as reservoir hosts of Schistosoma mansoni. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 63: 557 - 567.
Fiennes RNT-W (1959) Report of the Society’s pathologist for the year 1957. Proc Zool Soc London 132: 129 - 146.
Fiennes RNT-W (1967) Zoonoses of primates. The epidemiology and ecology of simian diseases in relation to man. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London.
Fiennes RNT-W (1972) Ectoparasites and vectors. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathol-ogy of simian primates, part II. Infections and parasitic disease. S Karger, New York pp 158 - 176.
File SK (1974) Anatrichosoma ocularis sp. n. (Nematoda:Trichosomodidae) from the eye of the common tree shrew, Tupaia glis. J Parasitol 60: 985 - 988.
File SK (1976) Probstmayria gombensis sp. n. (Nematoda:Atractidae) from the chimpanzee. J Parasitol 62: 256 - 258.
File SK, McGrew WC, Tutin CEG (1976) The intestinal parasites of a community of feral chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii. J Parasitol 62: 259-261.
Fineg J, Britz WE Jr, Cook JE, Edwards RH (1961) Clinical observations and methods used in the treatment of young chimpanzees. Air Force Missile Develop-ment Center, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, Report Number AFMCD- TR-61-12.
Finegold MJ, Seaquist ME, Doherty MJ (1968) Treatment of pulmonary acariasis in rhesus monkeys with an organic phosphate. Lab Anim Care 18: 127 - 130.
Finkeldey W (1931) Pathologisch-anatomische Befunde bei der Oesophagostomia- sis des Javeneraffen. Z Infektkr Haustiere 40:146-164. Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Diseases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Fischthal JH, Kuntz RE (1965) Six digenetic trematodes of mammals from North Borneo ( Malaysia ). Proc Helm Soc Washington, DC 32: 154-159.
Flatt RE, Patton NM (1969) A mite infestation in squirrel monkeys ( Saimirí sciureus ). JAVMA 155: 1233-1235.
Flynn RJ (1973) Parasites of laboratory animals. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
Fonseca F da (1951) Plasmodio de primata do Brasil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 49: 543 - 553.
Foster AO, Johnson CM (1939) A preliminary note on the identity, life cycle, and pathogenicity of an important nematode parasite of captive monkeys. Amer J Trop Med 19: 265 - 277.
Fox H (1926) Scabies in a male drill. Rep Lab Comp Pathol, Philadelphia, pp 27 - 28.
Fox H (1928) Balantidium in the red howler (Alouatta seniculus). Rep Lab Comp Pathol, Philadelphia, p 27.
Fox JG, Ediger RD (1970) Nasal leech infestation in the rhesus monkey. Lab Anim Care 20: 1137 - 1138.
Fox JG, Hall WC (1970) Fluke ( Gastrodiscoides hominis) infection in a rhesus monkey with related intussusception of the colon. JAVMA 157: 714-716.
Fox JG, Diaz JR, Barth RA (1972) Nymphal Porocephalus clavatus in the brain of a squirrel monkey, Saimirí sciureus. Lab Anim Sci 22: 908-910.
Frank H (1962) Durch Milben verursachte tödliche Lungenerkrankung bei einem Affen. Beri Münch Tier Woch 76: 135 - 137.
Frank H (1982) Pathology of amebiasis in leaf monkeys (Colobidae). Proc 24th Int Symp Dis Zoo Anim, pp 321 - 326.
Fremming BD, Vogel FS, Benson RE, Young RJ (1955) A fatal case of amebiasis with liver abscesses and ulcerative colitis in a chimpanzee. JAVMA 126: 406 - 407.
Fremming BD, Harris MD Jr, Young RJ, Benson RE (1957) Preliminary investiga-tion into the life cycle of the monkey lung mite ( Pneumonyssus foxi ). Amer J Vet Res 18: 427-428.
Frenkel JK (1971) Protozoal diseases of laboratory animals. In: Marcial-Rojas RA (ed) Pathology of protozoal and helminthic diseases. Williams and Wilkins, Balti-more, pp 318 - 369.
Frenkel JK (1974) Advances in the biology of sporozoa. Z Parasitenk 45: 125 - 162.
Frenkel JK (1976) Angiostrongylus costaricensis infections. In: Binford CH, Connor DH (eds) Pathology of tropical and extraordinary diseases, an atlas, vol II, section 9. Diseases caused by other nematodes; Chapter 10. Angiostrongyliasis. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, pp 452 - 454.
Fuerstenberg MHF (1861) Die Kraetzmilben der Menschen und Tiere. Englemann, Leipzig.
Furman DP (1954) A revision of the genus Pneumonyssus (Acarina:Halarachnidae). J Parasitol 40: 31 - 42.
Gardiner CH (1982) Syllabus: identification of animal parasites in histologic section. Reg Vet Pathol, AFIP, Washington, DC, pp 1 - 71.
Gardiner CH, Nold JB, Sanders JE (1982) Diagnostic exercise. Lab Anim Sci 32: 601 - 602.
Gardner MB, Esra G, Cain MJ, Rossman S, Johnson C (1978) Myelomonocytic leukemia in an orangutan. Vet Pathol 15: 667 - 770.
Garner E (1967) Dipetalonema gracile infection in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Lab Anim Dig 3: 16 - 17.
Garner E, Hemrick R, Rudiger H (1967) Multiple helminth infections in cinnamon- ringtailed monkeys ( Cebus albifrons ). Lab Anim Care 17: 310-315.
Garner FM, Stookey JL (1968) Syllabus: diseases of nonhuman primates. Amer Reg Path, AFIP, Washington, DC, pp 22 - 28, 36-53.
Garnham PCC (1947) Exoerythrocytic schizogony in Plasmodium kochi Laveran: a preliminary note. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 40: 719 - 722.
Garnham PCC (1948) The development cycle of Hepatocystis (.Plasmodium) kochi in the monkey host. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 41: 601 - 616.
Garnham PCC (1950) Blood parasites of East African vertebrates with a brief description of exoerythrocytic schizogony in Plasmodium pitmani. Parasitology 40: 328 - 337.
Garnham PCC (1959) A new sub-species of Plasmodium cynomolgi. Riv Parasitol 20: 273 - 278.
Garnham PCC (1963) Distribution of simian malaria parasites in various hosts. J Parasitol 49: 905 - 911.
Garnham PCC (1963) A new sub-species of Plasmodium knowlesi in the long-tailed macaque. J Trop Med Hyg 66: 156 - 158.
Garnham PCC (1973) Distribution of malaria parasites in primates, insectivores and bats. Symp Zool Soc London 33: 377 - 404.
Garnham PCC, Uilenberg G (1975) Malaria parasites of lemurs. Ann Parasitol 50: 409 - 418.
Garnham PCC, Lainson R, Gunders AE (1956) Some observations on malaria para-sites in a chimpanzee, with particular reference to the persistence of Plasmodium reichenowi and Plasmodium vivax. Ann Soc Beige Med Trop 36: 811 - 822.
Garnham PCC, Lainson R, Cooper W (1958) The complete life cycle of a new strain of Plasmodium gonderi from the drill (.Mandrillus leucophaeus), including its sporogony in Anopheles aztecus and its preerythrocytic schizogony in the rhesus monkey. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 2: 509 - 517.
Garnham PCC, Heisch RB, Minter DM (1961) The vector of Hepatocystis ( Plasmo-dium) kochi; the successful conclusion of observations in many parts of tropical Africa. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 55: 497-502.
Garnham PCC, Gonzales-Mugaburu L (1962) A new trypanosome in Saimiri mon-keys from Colombia. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 4: 79 - 84.
Garnham PCC, Rajapaksa N, Peters W, Killick-Kendrick R (1972) Malaria parasites of the orang-utan ( Pongo pygmaeus ). Ann Trop Med Parasitol 66: 287-294.
Gay DM, Branch A (1927) Pulmonary acariasis in monkeys. Amer J Trop Med 7: 49 - 55.
Gebauer O (1933) Beitrag zur Kenntnis von Nematoden aus Affenlungen. Z Parasi- tenk 5: 724 - 734.
Gedoelst L (1916) Notes sur la faune parasitaire du Congo Beige. Rev Zool Afr 5: 1 - 90.
Geiman QM (1964) Shigellosis, amebiasis, and simian malaria. Lab Anim Care 14: 441 - 454.
Geisel O, Krampitz HE, Willaert E (1975) Invasive amoebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica in a douc langur (Pygathrix nemaeus L. 1771). Berlin Muench Tieraerztl Woch 88: 52 - 55.
Gisler DB, Benson RE, Young RJ (1960) Colony husbandry of research monkeys. Ann NY Acad Sci 85: 758 - 768.
Gleason NN, Wolfe RE (1974) Entopolypoides macaci ( Babesiidae) in Macaca mulatta. J Parasitol 60: 844-847.
Goldberger J, Crane C (1911) A new species of Athesmia (A. foxi) from a monkey. Bull Hyg Lab 71: 48-55.
Goldman L, Feldman MD (1949) Human infestation with scabies of monkeys. Arch Dermatol Syphilol 59: 175 - 178.
Goldsmid JM (1974) The intestinal helminthzoonoses of primates in Rhodesia. Ann Soc Beige Med Trop 54: 87.
Goldsmid JM, Rogers S (1978) A parasitological study on the chacma baboon ( Papio ursinus) from the Northern Transvaal. J So Afr Vet Assoc 49: 109-111.
Gonder R, Von-Berenberg-Gossler H (1908) Untersuchungen über Malaria- plasmodien der Affen. Malar Lpz 1: 47 - 56.
Goussard B, Collet J-Y, Garin Y, Tutin CEG, Fernandez M (1983) The intestinal entodiniomorph ciliates of wild lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in Gabon, West Africa. J Med Primatol 12: 239-249.
Graham GL (1960) Parasitism in monkeys. Ann NY Acad Sci 85: 842 - 860.
Grigorova O, Nesturch M (1934) Filariasis in a young chimpanzee. Trans Lab Exp Biol, Moscow 6: 210-211.
Grinker JA, Karlin DA, Estrella PM (1962) Lung mites: pulmonary acariasis in the primate. Aerosp Med 33: 841 - 844.
Groot H (1951) Nuevo foco de trypanosomiasis humana en Colombia. Anales Soc Biol Bogota 4: 220 - 221.
Groot H, Renjifo S, Uribe C (1951) Trypanosoma ariarii, n. sp., from man, found in Colombia. Amer J Trop Med 31: 673 - 691.
Grzimek B (1951) Tod durch Lungenmilben bei einem Schimpansen. Zool Gart Lpz 18: 249.
Guilloud NB, King AA, Lock A (1965) A study of the efficacy of thiabendazole and dithiazanine iodide-piperazine citrate suspension against intestinal parasites in the Macaca mulatta. Lab Anim Care 15: 354 - 358.
Gupta NK, Dutt K (1975) On three nematode parasites of the genus Subulura Molin, 1860 from India. Riv Parassitol 36: 185 - 188.
Haaf E, Soest van AH (1964) Oesophagostomiasis in man in North Ghana. Trop Geogr Med 16: 49 - 53.
Habermann RT, Menges RW (1968) Filariasis ( Acanthocheilonema perstans) in a gorilla (a case history ). Vet Med Sm Anim Clin 63: 1040-1043.
Habermann RT, Williams FP Jr (1957) Diseases seen at necropsy of 708 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) and Macacaphilippinensis (cynomolgus monkey). Amer J Vet Res 18: 419 - 426.
Habermann RT, Williams FP Jr (1958) The identification and control of helminths in laboratory animals. J Natl Cancer Inst 20: 979 - 1009.
Habermann RT, Williams FP Jr, Thorp WTS (1954) Identification of some internal parasites of laboratory animals. Public Health Service Publ No 343, US Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Haddow AJ, Williams MC, Woodall JP, Simpson DIH, Goma LKH (1964) 12 Isolations of Zika virus from Aedes stegomyia africanas ( Theobald) taken in and above a Uganda forest. Bull World Health Org 31: 57-69.
Halberstädter L, von Prowazek S (1907) Untersuchungen über die Malaria-parasiten der Affen. Arb Gesundh Amt, Berlin 26: 37 - 43.
Hamerton AE (1932) Report on the deaths occurring in the Society’s gardens during the year 1931. Proc Zool Soc London 103: 613 - 638.
Hamerton AE (1933) Report on deaths occurring in the Society’s gardens during the year 1932. Proc Zool Soc London 104: 451 - 482.
Hamerton AE (1937) Report on the deaths occurring in the Society’s gardens during 1936. Proc Zool Soc London 107: 443 - 474.
Hamerton AE (1938) Report on the deaths occurring in the Society’s gardens during the year 1937. Proc Zool Soc London 108: 489 - 526.
Hamerton AE (1941-1942) Report on the deaths occurring in the Society’s gardens during 1939-1940. Proc Zool Soc London 111:151-184.
Hamerton AE (1943) Report on the deaths occurring in the Society’s gardens during 1942. Proc Zool Soc London 113: 149.
Harper JS III, Rice JM, London WT, Sly DL, Middleton C (1982) Disseminated strongyloidiasis in Erythrocebus patas. Amer J Primatol 3: 89 - 98.
Hartman HA (1961) The intestinal fluke (Fasciolopsis buski) in a monkey. Amer J Vet Res 22: 1123 - 1126.
Hashimoto I, Honjo S (1966) Survey of helminth parasites in cynomologus monkeys (.Macaca irus). Jap J Med Sci Biol 19: 218.
Hawking F (1972) Entopolypoides macaci, a Babesia-like parasite in Cercopithecus monkeys. Parasitology 65: 89 - 109.
Hawking F, Webber WAF (1955) Dirofilaria aethiops Webber, 1955, a filorial para-site of monkeys. II. Maintenance in the laboratory. Parasitology 45: 378-387.
Hayama S, Nigi H (1963) Investigation on the helminth parasites in the Japan Mon-key Centre during 1959-61. Primates 4: 97 - 112.
Healy GR, Hayes NR (1963) Hydatid disease in rhesus monkeys. J Parasitol 49: 837.
Healy GR, Myers BJ (1973) Intestinal helminths. In: Bourne GH (ed) The chimpan-zee, vol 6. University Park Press, Baltimore, pp 265 - 296.
Hegner RW (1934) Specificity in the genus Balantidium based on size and shape of body and macronucleus with descriptions of six new species. Amer J Hyg 19: 38 - 67.
Hegner RW (1934) Intestinal protozoa of chimpanzees. Amer J Hyg 19: 480 - 501.
Hegner RW (1935) Intestinal protozoa from Panama monkeys. J Parasitol 21: 60 - 61.
Hegner RW, Chu HJ (1930) A survey of protozoa parasitic in plants and animals of the Philippine Islands. Philippine J Sci 43: 451 - 482.
Held JR (1969) Primate malaria. Ann NY Acad Sci 162: 587 - 593.
Held JR, Whitney RA Jr (1978) Epidemic diseases of primate colonies. In: Chivers DJ, Ford EHR (eds) Recent advances in primatology, vol 4. Medicine. Academic, New York, pp 23 - 41.
Held JR, Contacos PG, Coatney GR (1967) Studies of the exoerythrocytic stages of simian malaria. I. Plasmodium fleldi. J Parasitol 53: 225-232.
Helwig FC (1925) Arachnid infection in monkeys (Pneumonyssus foxi of Weidman). Amer J Pathol 1: 389.
Henderson JD Jr, Webster WS, Bullock BC, Lehner NDM, Clarkson TB (1970) Naturally occurring lesions seen at necropsy in eight woolly monkeys ( Lagothrix sp. ). Lab Anim Care 20: 1087-1097.
Hendricks LD (1974) A redescription of Isospora arctopitheci Rodhain, 1933 (Pro-tozoa:Eimeriidae) from primates of Panama. Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 41: 229 - 233.
Hendricks LD (1977) Host range characteristics of the primate coccidian Isospora arctopitheci Rodhain 1933 (Protozoa:Eimeriidae). J Parasitol 63: 32 - 35.
Herman CM, Schroeder CR (1939) Treatment of amoebic dysentery in an orangutan. Zoologica 24: 339.
Herman LH (1967) Gastrodiscoides hominis infestation in two monkeys. Vet Med 62: 355 - 356.
Hessler J, Woodard J, Tucek P (1971) Lethal toxoplasmosis in a woolly monkey. JAVMA 159: 1588 - 1594.
Heuscheie WP (1961) Internal parasitism of monkeys with the pentastomid, Armil- lifer armillatus. JAVMA 139: 911 - 912.
Hickey TE, Kelly WA, Sitzman JE (1983) Demodectic mange in a tamarin ( Saguinus geoffroyi ). Lab Anim Sci 33: 192-193.
Hill WCO (1951) Report of the Society’s prosector for the year 1950. Proc Zool Soc London 121: 641 - 650.
Hill WCO (1953) Report of the Society’s prosector for the year 1952. Proc Zool Soc London 123: 227 - 251.
Hill WCO (1954) Report of the Society’s prosector for the year 1953. Proc Zool Soc London 124: 303 - 311.
Hill WCO, Porter A, Southwich MD (1952) The natural history, endoparasites, and pseudoparasites of the tarsiers ( Tarsius carbonarius) recently living in the Society’s menagerie. Proc Zool Soc London 122: 79-119.
Hoare CA (1932) On protozoal blood parasites collected in Uganda. Parasitology 24: 210 - 224.
Hoare CC (1958) The enigma of host-parasite relations in amebiasis. Rice Inst Pamphlet 45: 23 - 35.
Holmes DD, Kosanke SD, White GL (1980) Fatal enterobiasis in a chimpanzee. JAVMA 177: 911 - 913.
Honigberg BM, Lee JJ (1959) Structure and division of Trichomonas tenax (O. F. Müller ). Amer J Hyg 69: 177-201.
Honjo R, Imaizumi K (1965) Diseases observed in monkeys. Bull Exp Anim 14: 162 - 163.
Honjo S, Muto K, Fujiwara T, Suzuki Y, Imaizumi K (1963) Statistical survey of internal parasites in cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca irus ). Jap J Exp Med 16: 217-224.
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Mar- garopus, and Hyalomma). US Navy Dept Washington, DC Res Rept NM 005 050.29. 07.
Hoogstrall H, Theiler G (1959) Ticks (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) parasitizing lower pri-mates in Africa, Zanzibar, and Madagascar. J Parasitol 45: 217-222.
Hopkins GHE (1949) The host associations of the lice of mammals. Proc Zool Soc London 119: 387 - 604.
Houser WD, Paik SK (1971) Hydatid disease in a macaque. JAVMA 159:1574- 1577.
Howard EB, Gendron AP (1980) Echinococcus vogeli infection in higher primates at the Los Angeles zoo. In: Montali RJ, Migaki G (eds) The comparative pathology of zoo animals. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp 379 - 382.
Howard LM, Cabrera BD (1961) Simian malaria in the Philippines. Science 134: 555 - 556.
Hsu C-K, Melby EC Jr (1974) Isospora callimico, n. sp. (Coccidia Eimeriidae) from Göldi’s marmoset ( Callimico goeldii ). Lab Anim Sci 24: 476-479.
Hsü HF, David JR, Hsü SYL (1969) Histopathological lesions of rhesus monkeys and chimpanzees infected with Schistosoma japonicum. Z Tropenmed Parasitol 20: 184 - 205.
Hsü SYL, Hsü HF (1968) A chimpanzee naturally infected with Schistosoma man- soni: Its resistance against a challenge infection of S. japonicum. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 62: 901-902.
Hubbard GB, Butcher WI (1983) What’s your diagnosis? Passengers. Trematodiasis and typhlitis caused by Gastrodiscoides hominis. Lab Anim 12: 12, 14.
Huff CG, Hoogstraal H (1963) Plasmodium lemuris n. sp. from Lemur collaris. J Inf Dis 112: 233 - 236.
Hull WB (1970) Respiratory mite parasites in non-human primates. Lab Anim Care 20: 402.
Hunt RD, Jones TC, Williamson M (1970) Mechanisms of parasitic damage and the host response. Lab Anim Care 20: 345 - 353.
Hunt RD, Anderson MP, Chalifoux LV (1978) Spontaneous infectious diseases of marmosets. Prim Med 10: 239 - 253.
Ilievski V, Esber H (1969) Hydatid disease in a rhesus monkey. Lab Anim Care 19: 199 - 204.
Inglis WG (1961) The oxyurid parasites (nematoda) of primates. Proc Zool Soc Lon-don 136: 103 - 122.
Inglis WG, Cosgrove GE (1965) The pinworm parasites (Nematoda:Oxyuridae) of the Hapalidae ( Mammalia: Primates). Parasitology 55: 731-737.
Inglis WG, Dunn FL (1963) The occurrence of Lemuricola (Nematoda: Oxyurinae) in Malaya: with description of a new species. Z Parasitenk 23: 354 - 359.
Inglis WG, Dunn FL (1964) Some Oxyurids ( Nematoda) from neotropical primates. Z Parasitenk 24: 83-87.
Innes JRM, Hull WB (1972) Endoparasites—lung mites. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infections and parasitic diseases. S Karger, New York, pp 177 - 193.
Innes JRM, Colton MW, Yevich PP, Smith CL (1954) Pulmonary acariasis as an enzootic disease caused by Pneumonyssus simicola in imported monkeys. Amer J Pathol 30: 813 - 835.
Inoki S, Takemura S, Makiura Y, Hotta F (1942) Studies on Plasmodium inui var. Cyclop sis n. sp., new malaria parasite found in Formosan macaques (.Macaca cyclopsis). Osaka Igakkuizassi 41: 1327-1343.
Irving GW III (1972) Parasitology. In: Selected topics in laboratory animal medicine. Vol VIII. Aero medical Review 2-72. USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, Aerospace Medical Division (AFSC), Brooks AFB, TX, pp 1 - 44.
Irving GW III (1972) Zoonoses of primates. In: Selected topics in laboratory animal medicine. Vol XIV. Aeromedical Review 13 - 72. US Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Aerospace Medical Division (AFSC), Brooks, AFB, TX.
Itakura C, Nigi H (1968) Histopathological observations on two spontaneous cases of toxoplasmosis in the monkey ( Lemur catta ). Jap J Vet Sci 30: 341-346.
Jaskoski BJ (1960) Physalopteran infection in an orangutan. JAVMA 137: 307.
Jensen JM, Huntress SL (1982) Capillaria hepatica infestation in a gelada baboon ( Theropithecus gelada) troop. Amer Assoc Zoo Vet Ann Proc 48 - 49.
Jessee MT, Schilling PW, Stunkard JA (1970) Identification of intestinal helminth eggs in Old World primates. Lab Anim Care 20: 83 - 87.
Johnsen DO, Gould DJ, Tanticharoenyos P, Diggs CL, Wooding WL (1970) Experimental infection of gibbons with Dirofilaria immitis. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 64: 937 - 938.
Johnson CM (1941) Observations on natural infections of Endamoeba histolytica in Ateles and rhesus monkeys. Amer J Trop Med 21: 49 - 61.
Jones DM (1982) Veterinary aspects of the maintenance of orangutans in captivity. In: Boer de LEM (ed) The orangutan: its biology and conservation. Dr W Junk, The Hague, pp 171 - 199.
Jones ND, Brooks DR, Harris RL (1980) Macaca mulatta-Si new host for Choanotaenia Cestodes. Lab Anim Sci 30: 575 - 577.
Jones SR (1973) Toxoplasmosis: a review. JAVMA 163: 1038 - 1042.
Jones TC, Hunt RD (1983) Diseases due to protozoa. Veterinary pathology, 5th ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 719 - 777.
Jones TC, Hunt RD (1983) Diseases caused by parasitic helminths and arthropods. Veterinary pathology, 5th ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 778 - 879.
Jortner BS, Percy DH (1978) The nervous system. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of laboratory animals, chapter 5, vol I. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 320 - 421.
Kagan IG, Allain DS, Norman L (1959) An evaluation of the hemagglutination and flocculation tests in the diagnosis of Echinococcus disease. Amer Trop Med Hyg 8: 51 - 55.
Kalter SS (1980) Infectious diseases of the great apes of Africa. J Reprod Fertil Suppl 28: 149 - 159.
Kalter SS, Heberling RL (1978) Health hazards associated with newly imported pri-mates and how to avoid them. In: Chivers DJ, Ford EHR (eds) Recent advances in primatology, vol 4. Medicine. Academic, New York, pp 5 - 21.
Karr SL Jr, Wong MM (1975) A survey of sarcocystis in nonhuman primates. Lab Anim Sci 25: 641 - 645.
Karr SL Jr, Henrickson RV, Else JG (1979) A survey for Anatrichosoma ( Nematoda: Trichinellida) in wild-caught Macaca mulatta. Lab Anim Sci 29: 789-790.
Karr SL Jr, Henrickson RV, Else JG (1980) A survey for intestinal helminths in recently wild-caught Macaca mulatta and results of treatment with mebendazole and thiabendazole. J Med Primatol 9: 200 - 204.
Kasa TJ, Lathrop GD, Dupuy HJ, Bonney CH, Toft JD II (1977) An endemic focus of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in a subhuman primate research colony. JAVMA 171: 850 - 854.
Kaufmann AF, Morris G, Richardson JH, Healy G, Kaplan W (1970) A survey of newly arrived South American monkeys for potential human pathogens. In: Primate zoonoses surveillance. Report No. 1. Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
Keeling ME, McClure HM (1972) Clinical management, diseases and pathology of the gibbon and siamang. In: Rumbaugh DM (ed) Gibbon and siamang, vol 1. S Karger, Basel, pp 207 - 249.
Keeling ME, McClure HM (1974) Pneumococcal meningitis and fatal enterobiasis in a chimpanzee. Lab Animal Sci 24: 92 - 95.
Keeling ME, Wolf RH (1975) Medical management of the rhesus monkey. In: Bourne GH (ed) The rhesus monkey, vol 2. Academic Press, New York, pp 11 - 96.
Kellogg VL (1913) Ectoparasites of the monkeys, apes and man. Science 38: 601.
Kennard MA (1981) Abnormal findings in 246 consecutive autopsies on monkeys. Yale J Biol Med 13: 701 - 712.
Kessel JF (1928) Intestinal protozoa of monkeys. Univ Calif (Berkeley) Publ Zool 31: 275 - 306.
Kessel JF, Johnstone HG (1949) The occurrence of Endamoeba polecki Prowazek, 1912, in Macaca mulatta and in man. Amer J Trop Med 29: 311 - 317.
Kessel JF, Kaplan F (1949) The effect of certain arsenicals on natural infections of Endamoeba histolytica and of Endamoeba polecki in Macaca mulatta. Amer J Trop Med 29: 319 - 322.
Kessler MJ (1982) Nasal and cutaneous anatrichosomiasis in the free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) of Cayo Santiago. Amer J Primatol 3: 55 - 60.
Kessler MJ, Yarbrough B, Rawlins RG, Berard J (1984) Intestinal parasites of the free-ranging Cayo Santiago rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ). J Med Primatol 13: 57-66.
Keymer IF (1976) Report of the pathologist, 1973 and 1974. J Zool 178: 456 - 493.
Kikuth W (1927) Piroplasmose bei Affen. Arch Schiffs Tropen Hyg 31: 37 - 40.
Kim CS, Bang BG (1970) Nasal mites parasitic in nasal and upper skull tissues in the baboon ( Papio sp. ). Science 169: 372-373.
Kim CS, Kalter SS (1972) Unilateral renal aplasia in an African baboon ( Papio sp. ). Folia Primatol 2: 352.
Kim CS, Eugster AK, Kalter SS (1968) Pathologie study of the African baboon ( Papio sp.) in his native habitat. Primates 9: 93-104.
Kim CS, Bang FB, DiGiacomo RF (1972) Hemagglutination assay of antibodies associated with pulmonary acariasis in rhesus monkeys. Infect Immun 5: 138 - 140.
Kim JCS (1974) Distribution and life cycle stages of lung mites (Pneumonyssus sp.). J Med Primatol 3: 105 - 119.
Kim JCS (1976) Scanning electron microscopic studies of simian lung mites. J Med Primatol 5: 3.
Kim JCS (1977) Pulmonary acariases in Old World monkeys. Vet Bull 47: 249 - 255.
Kim JCS (1980) Pulmonary acariasis in Old World monkeys: a review. In: Montali RJ, Migaki G (eds) The comparative pathology of zoo animals. Smithsonian Institu-tion Press, Washington, DC, pp 383 - 394.
Kim JCS, Kalter SS (1975) Pathology of pulmonary acariasis in baboons ( Papio sp. ). J Med Primatol 4: 70.
Kim JCS, Abee CR, Wolf RH (1978) Balantidiosis in a chimpanzee ( Pan troglo-dytes ). Lab Anim 12: 231-233.
Kim KC, Emerson KC (1968) Descriptions of two species of Pediculidae (Anoplura) from great apes ( Primates, Pongidae). J Parasitol 54: 690-695.
King NW Jr (1976) Synopsis of the pathology of new world monkeys. In: First inter- American conference on conservation and utilization of American nonhuman primates in biomedical research. Scientific Publ No 317, Pan American Health Organization, Pan American Sanitary Bureau Regional Office of the WHO, Washington, DC, pp 169 - 198.
Kingston N, Cosgrove GE (1967) Two new species of Platynosomum ( Trema- tode: Dicrocoeliidae) from South American monkeys. Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 34: 147-151.
Kirby H Jr (1928) Notes on some parasites from chimpanzees. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 25: 698 - 700.
Knezevich AL, McNulty WP Jr (1970) Pulmonary acariasis ( Pneumonyssus simi- cola) in colony bred Macaca mulatto. Lab Anim Care 20: 693-696.
Knowles R (1919) Notes on the monkey Plasmodium and on some experiments in malaria. Ind J Med Res 7: 195 - 202.
Knowles R, Das Gupta BM (1932) A study of monkey malaria and its experimental transmission to man. Ind Med Gaz 67: 213 - 268.
Knowles R, Das Gupta BM (1936) Some observations on the intestinal protozoa of macaques. Ind J Med Res 24: 547 - 556.
Kobayashi H (1925) On the animal parasites in Korea. Jap Med World 5: 9 - 16.
Kohn DF, Haines DE (1982) Diseases of the Prosimii: a review. In: Haines DE (ed) The lesser bushbaby (Galago) as an animal model: selected topics. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, pp 285 - 301.
Kopciowska L, Nicolau S (1938) Toxoplasmose spontanée du chimpanzé. CR Soc Biol (Paris) 129: 179 - 181.
Korté WF de (1905) On the presence of a sarcosporidium in the thigh muscles of Macaca rhesus. J Hyg 5: 451 - 452.
Kovatch RM, White JD (1972) Cryptosporidiosis in two juvenile rhesus monkeys. Vet Pathol 9: 426 - 440.
Krascheninnikow S, Wenrich DH (1958) Some observations on the morphology and division of Balantidium coli and Balantidium caviae (?). J Protozool 5: 196 - 202.
Kreis HA (1932) A new pathogenic nematode of the family Oxyuroidea, Oxy- uronema atelophora n. g., n. sp in the red-spider monkey, Ateles geoffroyi. J Parasitol 18: 295 - 302.
Kreis HA (1945) Beiträge zur Kenntnis parasitischer Nematoden. XII. Parasitische Nematoden aus den Tropen. Rev Suisse Zool 52: 551.
Kreis HA (1955) Beiträge zur Kenntnis parasitischer Nematoden. XVIII. Das Genus Probstmayria Ransom, 1907. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 97: 422 - 433.
Krishnamoorthy RV, Srihari K, Rahaman H, Rajasekharaiah GL (1978) Nematode parasites of the slender loris, Loris tardigradus. Proc Ind Acad Sci 87B: 17-22.
Kugi G, Sawada I (1970) Mathevotaenia brasiliensis n. sp., a tapeworm from the squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus. Jap J Parasitol 19: 467-470.
Kuhn H-J, Ludwig HW (1967) Die Affenläuse der Gattung Pedicinus. Z Zool Syst Evolutions 5: 144 - 256.
Kumar V, DeMeurichy W (1982) Efficacy of Yomesan against Bertiella sp (Ano- plocephalidae/Cestoda) of a chimpanzee, Pan schweinfurthii. Riv Parassitol 43: 161-163.
Kumar V, DeMeurichy W, Van Peer L (1980) Microscopic pathology of liver of capuchin monkey (Cebus albifrons) infected with Athesmia foxi (Dicrocoeli- dae:Trematoda): a pictorial illustration. ACTA Zool Pathol Antverp 75: 71 - 77.
Kuntz RE (1972) Trematodes of the intestinal tract and biliary passages. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates, part II. Infectious and parasitic diseases. S Karger, Basel, pp 104 - 123.
Kuntz RE (1973) Models for investigation in parasitology. In: Bourne GH (ed) Non- human primates in biomedical research. Academic, New York, pp 167 - 201.
Kuntz RE (1982) Significant infections in primate parasitology. J Hum Evol 11: 185 - 194.
Kuntz RE, Moore JA (1973) Commensals and parasites of African baboons (Papio cynocephalus L. 1766) captured in rift valley province of central Kenya. J Med Primatol 2: 236 - 241.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ (1966) Parasites of baboons (Papio doguera Pucheran, 1856 ) captured in Kenya and Tanzania, East Africa. Primates 7: 27-32.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ (1967) Microbiological parameters of the baboon (Papio sp): parasitology. In: Vagtborg H (ed) The baboon in medical research, vol 2. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX, pp 741 - 755.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ (1967) Parasites of the Kenya baboon: arthropods, blood pro-tozoa and helminths. Primates 8: 75 - 82.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ (1967) Primate cysticercosis: Taenia hydatigena in Kenya ver- vets (Cercopithecus aethiops Linnaeus, 1758) and Taiwan macaques (Macaca cyclopis Swinhoe, 1864). Primates 8: 83 - 88.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ (1969) A checklist of parasites and commensals reported for the Taiwan macaque (Macaca cyclopis Swinhoe, 1862). Primates 10: 71 - 80.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ (1969) Parasitic protozoa, commensals and helminths of chim-panzees imported from the Republic of the Congo. Proc 2nd Int Congr Primat, Atlanta GA, 1968, vol 3. S Karger, Basel/New York, pp 184 - 190.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ (1972) Parasites of South American primates. Intern Zoo Yrbk 12: 61 - 68.
Kuntz R, Myers BJ, Vice TC (1967) Intestinal protozoans and parasites of the gelada baboon (Theropithecus gelada Rüppel, 1835). Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 34: 65-66.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ, Bergner JF Jr, Armstrong DE (1968) Parasites and commen-sals of the Taiwan macaque (Macaca cyclopis Swinhoe, 1862). Formosan Sci 22: 120 - 136.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ, Katzberg A (1970) Sparganosis and “proliferative-like” spar- gana in vervets and baboons from East Africa. J Pärasitol 56: 196 - 197.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ, McMurray TS (1970) Trypanosoma cruzi-like parasites in the slow loris ( Nycticebus coucang) from Malaysia. Trans Amer Micr Soc 89: 304-307.
Kuntz RE, Myers BJ, Moore JA (1973) Parasitology. In: Kalter SS (ed) The baboon. Microbiology, clinical chemistry, and some hematological aspects. Primates in medicine, vol 8. S Karger, Basel, pp 79 - 104.
Kuntz RE, Huang T, Moore JA (1977) Patas monkey ( Erythrocebuspatas) naturally infected with Schistosoma mansoni. J Parasitol 63: 166-167.
Kupper JL, Britz WE (1972) The squirrel monkey. In: Selected topics in laboratory animal medicine. Vol XVIII. Aeromedical Review 5-72. USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, Aerospace Medical Division (AFSC), Brooks AFB, TX, pp 1 - 16.
Laing ABG, Edeson JFB, Wharton RH (I960) Studies on filariasis in Malaya; the vertebrate hosts of Brugia malayi and B. pahangi. Ann Trop Med Parasit 54: 92 - 99.
Lambert RA (1918) Echinococcus cysts in a monkey. Proc NY Path Soc 18: 29 - 30.
Lambrecht FL, Dunn FL, Eyles DE (1961) Isolation of Plasmodium knowlesi from Philippine macaques. Nature 191: 1117 - 1118.
Landois F, Hoepke H (1914) Eine endoparasitäre Milbe in der Lunge von Macacus rhesus. Zentralbl Bakteriol. Abt 1 73: 384.
Lang EM (1966) The care and breeding of anthropoids. Symp Zool Soc London 17: 113 - 125.
Langeron M (1920) Note additionnelle sur une hémogrégarine d’un macaque. Bull Soc Path Exot 13: 394.
Lapage G (1962) Mônnig’s veterinary helminthology and entomology, 5th ed. Wil-liams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Lapage G (1968) Veterinary parasitology. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh/London.
Lapin BA (1962) Disease in monkeys within the period of acclimatization and during long-term stay in animal houses. In: Harris RJC (ed) The problems of laboratory» animal disease. Academic, New York, pp 143 - 149.
Lapin BA, Yakovleva LA (1960) Comparative pathology in monkeys. CC Thomas, Springfield, IL.
Lapin BA, Yakovleva LA (1963) Diseases of the cardiovascular system. In: Com-parative pathology in monkeys. CC Thomas, Springfield, IL, pp 132 - 177.
Lasry JE, Sheridan BW (1965) Chagas’ myocarditis and heart failure in the red uakari. Intern Zoo Yrbk 5: 182 - 187.
Lavoipierre MMJ (1955) A description of a new genus of sarcoptiform mites and of three new species of Acarina parasitic on primates in the British Cameroons. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 49: 299 - 307.
Lavoipierre MMJ (1955) The occurrence of a mange mite, Psoregates sp. (Acarina), in a West African monkey. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 49: 351.
Lavoipierre MMJ (1958) Studies on the host-parasite relationships of filarial- nematodes and their arthropod hosts. I. The sites of development and the migration of Loa loa in Chrysops silacea, the escape of the infective forms from the head of the fly, and the effect of the worm on its insect host. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 52: 103 - 121.
Lavoipierre MMJ (1964) A new family of acarines belonging to the suborder Sarcop- tiformes parasitic in the hair follicles of primates. Ann Natal Mus 16: 1 - 18.
Lavoipierre MMJ (1964) A note on the family Psoralgidae (Acari:Sarcoptiformes) together with a description of two new genera and two new species parasitic on pri-mates. Acarologia 6: 342 - 352.
Lavoipierre MMJ (1970) A note on the sarcoptic mites of primates. J Med Entomol 7: 376 - 380.
Leathers CW (1978) The prevalence of Hepatocystis kochi in African green mon-keys. Lab Anim Sci 28: 186 - 189.
Leathers CW (1978) Pulmonary acariasis in a infant, colony-born rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatto). Lab Anim Sci 28: 102 - 103.
Lebel RR, Nutting WB (1973) Demodectic mites of subhuman primates. I. Demodex saimiri sp. n. ( Acari: Demodicidae) from the squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus. J Parasitol 59: 719-722.
Lee KJ, Lang CM, Hughes HC, Hartshorn RD (1981) Psorergatic mange ( Acari: Psorergatidae) of the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides). Lab Anim Sci 31: 77-79.
Lee RE, Williams RB Jr, Hull WB, Stein SN (1954) Significance of pulmonary acariasis in rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatto ). Fed Proc 13: 85-86.
Leerhoy J, Jensen HS (1967) Sarcoptic mange in a shipment of cynomolgus mon-keys. Nord Veterinarmed 19: 128 - 130.
Lefrou G, Martignoles J (1955) Contribution à l’étude de Plasmodium kochi. Plas-modium des singes africans. Bull Soc Path Exot 48: 227-234.
Leger M, Bédier E (1922) Hémogrégarine du cynocéphale, Papio sphinx E. Geoffrey. CR Soc Biol 87: 933-934.
Leibegott G (1962) Pericarditis verminosa (strongyloides) beim Schimpansen. Vir- chows Arch Path Anat 335: 211 - 225.
Levaditi C, Schoen R (1933) Présence d’un toxoplasme dans l’encéphale du cynocephalus babuin. Bull Soc Path Exot 26: 402 - 405.
Levine ND (1961) Protozoan parasites of domestic animals and of man. Burgess, Minneapolis.
Levine ND (1970) Protozoan parasites of nonhuman primates as zoonotic agents. Lab Anim Care 20: 377 - 382.
Levine ND (1973) Protozoan parasites of domestic animals and of man, 2nd ed. Burgess, Minneapolis.
Levine ND (1976) Nematode parasites of domestic animals and of man. Burgess, Minneapolis.
Levine ND (1977) Nomenclature of Sarcocystis in the ox and sheep and of fecal coc- cidia of the dog and cat. J Parasitol 63: 36 - 51.
Lichtenfels JR (1971) Morphological variation in the gullet nematode, Gon- gylonema pulchrum Molin, 1857, from eight species of definitive hosts with a consideration of gongylonema from Macacca spp. J Parasitol 57: 348 - 355.
Lillie RD (1947) Reactions of various parasitic organisms in tissues to the Bauer Feulgen Gram and Gram-Weigert methods. J Lab Clin Med 32: 76 - 88.
Lim-Boo-Liat (1974) New hosts of Angiostrongylus malaysiensis Bhaibulaya and Cross 1971, in Malaysia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Pub Health 5: 379 - 384.
Lindquist WD, Bieletzki J, Allison S (1980) Pterygodermatites sp. (Nematode: Rictulariidae) from primates in Topeka, Kansas Zoo. Proc Helminthol Soc Washing-ton, DC 47: 224-227.
Linstow von OFB (1899) Nematoden aus der Berliner zoologischen Sammlung. Mitt Zool Mus Berl 1(2)-1.
Linstow von OFB (1903) The American hookworm in chimpanzees. Amer Med 6: 611.
Linstow von OFB (1912) Cestoda and cestodaria. In: Stilles and Hassall Index- catalogue of medical and veterinary zoology. Bull 85 Hyg Lab US Publ Health and Mar Hosp Serv.
Little MD (1962) Experimental studies on the life cycle of Strongyloides. J Parasitol Suppl 48: 41.
Little MD (1966) Comparative morphology of six species of Strongyloides (Nematoda) and redefinition of the genus. J Parasitol 52: 69 - 84.
Loeb WF, Bannerman RM, Rininger BF, Johnson AJ (1978) Hematologic disorders. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of laboratory animals, chapter 11, vol I. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 1000 - 1021, 1032-1050.
Long GG, White JD, Stookey JL (1975) Pneumocystis carinii infection in splenec- tomized owl monkeys. JAVMA 167: 651 - 654.
Loomis MR, Britt JO (1983) An epizootic of Entamoeba histolytica in colobus mon-keys. Amer Assoc Zoo Vet Ann Proc, p 10.
Loomis MR, Britt JO, Gendron AP, Holshuh HJ, Howard EB (1983) Hepatic and gastric amebiasis in black and white colobus monkeys. JAVMA 183: 1188 - 1191.
Lothe DF (1958) An immature Oesophagostomum sp. from an umbilical swelling in an African child. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 52: 12.
Lucker JT (1933) Gongylonema macrogubernaculum Lubimov, 1931: two new hosts. J Parasitol 19: 243.
Lucker JT (1933) Two new hosts Gongylonema pulchrum Molin, 1857. J Parasitol 19: 248.
Lushbaugh CC, Humason G, Gengozian N (1969) Intrauterine death from congenital Chagas’ disease in laboratory marmosets ( Saguinus fuscicollis labonotus ). Amer J Trop Med 18: 662-665.
Lussier G, Marois P (1964) Animal sarcosporidiosis in the province of Quebec. Can J Publ Health 55: 243 - 246.
Machida M, Araki J, Koyama T, Kumada M, Horii Y, Imada I, Takasaka M, Honjo S, Matsubayashi K, Tibat T (1978) The life cycle of Streptopharagus pigmentatus ( Nematoda, Spiruroidea) from the Japanese monkey. Bull Nat Sci Mus (Ser A ) 4: 1-9.
MacKenzie PS (1979) Pathogenicity, identification and treatment of Prosthenorchis elegans infestation in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Prim Suppl 4: 5 - 7.
MacKinnon DL, Dibb MJ (1938) Report on intestine protozoa of some mammals in the zoological gardens at Regent’s Park. Proc Zool Soc London Ser B 108:323- 345.
Magalhaes Pinto R (1970) Occurrence of Subulura jacchi (Marcel, 1857 ) Railliet and Henry, 1913 (Nematoda, Subuluroidea) in a new host: Callithrix aurita coelestis (M. Ribeiro, 1924). Atas de Sociedade de Biologia do Rio De Janeiro 13:143- 145.
Mandour AM (1969) Sarcocystis nesbitti n. sp. from the rhesus monkey. J Protozool 16: 353 - 354.
Manwell RD (1968) Simian malaria. In: Weinman D, Ristic M (eds) Infectious blood diseases of man and animals, vol II. Academic, New York, pp 78 - 88.
Manwell RD, Kuntz RE (1966) Hepatocystis in Formosan mammals with a descrip-tion of a new species. J Protozool 13: 670 - 672.
Maplestone PA (1931) Parasitic nematodes obtained from animals dying in the Cal-cutta Zoological Gardens. Pt 4-8. Ree Indian Mus 33: 71 - 171.
Marinkelle CS (1966) Observations on man, monkey, and bat trypanosomes and their vectors in Colombia. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 60: 109 - 116.
Marinkelle CJ (1968) Trypanosoma lambrechti n. sp. aislado de micos (Cebus albifrons) de Colombia. Caldasia 10: 155 - 165.
Masbar S, Palmieri JR, Marwoto HA, Purnomo, Darwis F (1981) Blood parasites of wild and domestic animals from South Kalimantan ( Borneo ), Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Pub Health 12: 42-46.
Masse R, Geneste M, Thiery G (1965) Acariose pulmonaire du singe traitement, prophylaxie. Ree Méd Vét Ecole Alfort 141: 1227 - 1234.
Mayer M (1907) Über Malaria beim Affen. Med Klin 3: 579 - 580.
Mayer M (1933) Über einen neuen Blutparasiten des Affen (Entopolypoides macaci n. g. n. sp.). Arch Schiffs Tropen Hyg 37: 504 - 505.
Mayer M (1934) Ein neuer, eigenartiger Blutparasit des Affen (.Entopolypoides macaci n. g. et n. sp.). Zentr Bakteriol Parasitenk Abt I Orig 131: 132 - 136.
Mazza S (1930) Doble parasitismo por filarias en monos Cebus del norte. 5a Reun Soc Argent Pat Reg N 1929 2: 1140.
McCarrison R (1920) The effects of deficient dietaries on monkeys. Brit Med J Feb 21 249 - 253.
McClure GW (1932) Nematode parasites of mammals with a description of a new species, Wellcomia branickii from specimens collected in the New York Zoological Park, 1930. Zoologica NY 15: 1.
McClure GW (1934) Nematode parasites of mammals from specimens collected in the New York Zoological Park, 1932. Zoologica NY 15: 49.
McClure HM, Guilloud NB (1971) Comparative pathology of the chimpanzee. In: Bourne GH (ed) The chimpanzee, vol 4. Behavior, growth and pathology of chim-panzees. University Park Press, Baltimore, pp 103 - 272.
McClure HM, Strozier LM, Keeling ME, Healy GR (1973) Strongyloidosis in two infant orangutans. JAVMA 163: 629 - 632.
McClure HM, Chapman WL Jr, Hooper BE, Smith FG, Fletcher OJ (1978) The digestive system. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of labora-tory animals, chapter 4, vol I. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 176 - 317.
McConnell EE (1977) Parasitic diseases observed in free-ranging and captive baboons. Comp Path Bull 9: 2.
McConnell EE, Basson PA, Devos V (1971) Nasal acariasis in the chacma baboon. Papio ursinus Kerr 1792. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 38: 207.
McConnell EE, DeVos AJ, Basson PA, DéVòs V (1971) Isopora papionis n. sp. (Eimeriidae) of the Chacma baboon Papio ursinus (Kess, 1792). J Protozool 18: 28 - 32.
McConnell EE, Basson PA, Thomas SE, DeVos V (1972) Oocysts of Isospora papi- onis in the skeletal muscle of Chacma baboons. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 39: 113 - 116.
McConnell EE, Basson PA, DeVos V (1972) Laryngeal acariasis in the chacma baboon. JAVMA 161: 678 - 682.
McConnell EE, Basson PA, DeVos V, Myers BJ, Kuntz RE (1972) A survey of diseases among 100 free-ranging baboons (Papio ursinus) from Krueger National Park. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 41 (3): 97 - 167.
McConnell EE, Basson PA, Wolstenholme B, DeVos V, Malherbe H (1973) Tox-oplasmosis in “free-ranging” chacma baboons ( Papio ursinus) from the Krueger National Park. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 67: 851-855.
McCoy OR (1936) Filarial parasites of monkeys of Panama. Amer J Trop Med 16: 383 - 403.
McKissick GE, Ratcliffe HL, Koestner A (1968) Enzootic toxoplasmosis in caged squirrel monkeys. Saimiri sciureus. Pathol Vet 5: 538-560.
Mendonca de MM (1983) Mathevotaenia cruzsilvai n. sp. (cestoda Anoplocephali- dae), parasite of Macaca irus F. Cuvier, 1818. Bull Mus (Nat) d’Hist Nat A3: 1081 - 1086.
Middleton CC (1966) Acanthocephala (Prosthenorchis elegans) infection in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Lab Anim Dig 2: 16 - 17.
Middleton CC, Clarkson TB, Garner FM (1964) Parasites of squirrel monkeys ( Sai-miri sciureus ). Lab Anim Care 14: 335.
Migaki G, Scibold HR, Wolf RH, Garner FM (1971) Pathologic conditions in the patas monkey. JAVMA 159: 549 - 556.
Miller JH (1959) Hepatocystis (= Plasmodium) kochi in the dog face baboon, Papio doguera. J Parasitol Suppl 45: 53.
Miller JH (1959) The dog face baboon, Papio doguera, a primate reservoir host for Schistosoma mansoni in East Africa. J Parasitol 45: 22 - 25.
Miller MJ, Bray RS (1966) Entamoeba histolytica infections in the chimpanzee ( Pan satyrus ). J Parasitol 52: 386-388.
Moncol DJ, Batte EG (1966) Transcolostral infection of newborn pigs with Stron- gyloides ransomi. Vet Med 61: 583 - 586.
Monnig HO (1920) Filaria nycticebi eine neue Filaria aus dem Nycticebus. Centralb Bakteriol 85: 216 - 221.
Montali RJ, Bush M (1980) Diagnostic exercise. Lab Anim Sci 30: 33 - 34.
Montali RJ, Bush M (1981) Rictulariasis in callitrichidae at the National Zoological Park. In: XXIII. Internationalen Symposiums über die Erkrankungen der Zootiere Halle/Saale. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, pp 197 - 202.
Montali RJ, Gardiner CH, Evans RE, Bush M (1983) Pterygodermatites nycticebi ( Nematoda: Spirurida) in golden lion tamarins. Lab Anim Sci 33: 194-197.
Montgomery CA (1978) Muscle diseases. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of laboratory animals, chapter 10, vol I. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 841-853, 880 - 887.
Moore G, Myers BJ (1974) Parasites of non-human primates. In: Ann Proc Amer Assoc Zoo Vet, Washington, DC pp 79 - 86.
Moore JA, Kuntz RE (1975) Entopolypoides macaci Mayer 1934 in the African baboon (Papio cynocephalus L. 1776). J Med Primatol 4: 1 - 7.
Moore JG (1970) Epizootic of acanthocephaliasis among primates. JAVMA 157: 699 - 705.
Mooreman AE (1941) Balantidium coli and pinworm in a chimpanzee. J Parasitol 27: 366.
Mortelman J, Vercruysse J, Kageruka P (1971) Three pathogenic intestinal protozoa of anthropoid apes: Entamoeba histolytica, Balantidium coli and Troglodytella abrassarti. In: Biegert J, Leutenegger W (eds) Proceedings of the Third International Congress of Primatology, vol 2. Neurobiology, immunology, cytology. S Karger, Basel, pp 187 - 191.
Morton HL (1969) Sparganosis in African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Lab Anim Care 19: 253 - 255.
Muller R, Ruedi D (1981) Gastric amebiasis in a proboscis monkey ( Nasalis larva- tus ). ACTA Zool Pathol Antverp 76: 9-16.
Mulligan HW (1935) Description of two species of monkey Plasmodium isolated from Silenus irus. Arch Protistenk 84: 285 - 314.
Mullin SW, Orihel TC (1972) Tetrapetalonema dunni sp. n. ( Nematoda: Filaroidea) from Malaysian tree shrews. J Parasitol 58: 1047-1051.
Mullin SW, Colley FC, Stevens GS (1972) Coccidia of Malaysian mammals: new host records and descriptions of three new species of Eimeria. J Protozool 19: 260 - 263.
Mullin SW, Dondero TT Jr, Sivanandam S, Dewey R (1972) Filarial parasites of Malaysian monkeys. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Publ Health 3: 548 - 551.
Murphy JC, Fox JG, Shalev M (1979) Paragonimus westermani infection in a cynomolgus monkey. JAVMA 175: 981 - 984.
Myers BJ (1970) Techniques for recognition of parasites. Lab Anim Care 20: 342 - 344.
Myers BJ (1972) Echinococcosis, coenurosis, cysticercosis, sparganosis, etc. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infectious and parasitic diseases. S Karger, Basel, pp 124 - 143.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE (1965) A checklist of parasites reported for the baboon. Pri-mates 6: 137 - 194.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE (1967) Parasites of baboons taken by the Cambridge Mwanza expedition (Tanzania 1965). East Afr Med J 44: 322 - 324.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE (1968) Intestinal protozoa of the baboon Papio doguera Puche- ran 1856. J Protozool 15: 363 - 365.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE (1969) Nematode parasites of mammals (Dermoptera, Primates, Pholidata, Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla) from North Borneo (Malaysia). Can J Zool 47: 419-421.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE (1972) A checklist of parasites and commensals reported for the chimpanzee ( Pan ). Primates 13: 433-471.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE, Vice TE (1965) Hydatid disease in captive primates ( Colobus and Papio ). J Parasitol Suppl 51: 22.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE, Vice TE, Kim CS (1970) Natural infection of Echinococcus granulosus (Batsch, 1786) Rudolph, 1805 in the Kenya baboon ( Papio sp. ). Lab Anim Care 20: 283-286.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE, Malherbe H (1971) Intestinal commensals and parasites of the South African baboon ( Papio cynocephalus ). Trans Amer Micr Soc 90: 80-83.
Myers BJ, Kuntz RE, Kamara JA (1973) Parasites and commensals of chimpanzees captured in Sierra Leone, West Africa. Pro Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 40: 298-299.
Mysorekar NR, Chakravarti RN, Chawla LS, Chhuttani PN (1966) Diseases of rhe-sus monkeys. III. Large intestine. J Assoc Phys Ind 14: 583-587.
Nagaty HF (1935) Parlitomosa zakii (Filariinae). A new genus and species and its microfilaria from Leontocebus rosalia. J Egypt Med Assoc 18: 483 - 496.
Naquira C (1963) Estudio preliminar sobre la infección celomica de Triatoma infestans por Trypanosoma cruzi y Trypanosoma sp. de mono. Biol Santiago 35: 3 - 8.
Napier JR, Napier PH (1967) A handbook of living primates. Academic, New York.
Narama I, Tsuchitani M, Umemura T, Tsuruta M (1983) The morphogenesis of a papillomatous gastric polyp in the crab-eating monkey ( Macaca fascicularis ). J Comp Path 93: 195-203.
Nelson B, Cogrove GE, Gengozian N (1966) Diseases of an imported primate Tamarinus nigricollis. Lab Anim Care 16: 255 - 275.
Nelson EC (1932) The cultivation of a species of Troglodytella, a large ciliate, from the chimpanzee. Science 75: 317 - 318.
Nelson GS (1960) Schistosome infections as zoonoses in Africa. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 54: 301 - 316.
Nelson GS (1965) The parasitic helminths of baboons with particular reference to species transmissible to man. In: Vagtborg H (ed) The baboon in medical research. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX, pp 441 - 470.
Nelson GS, Teesdale C, Highton RB (1962) The role of animals as reservoirs of bilharziasis in Africa. In: Wolstenholme, O’Conner (eds) Bilharziasis. Ciba Foundation Symposium Bilharziasis, Churchill, London, pp 127 - 149.
Nery-Guimaraes F, Franken AJ, Chagas WA (1971) Toxoplasmose em primates näo humanos. I. Infeccöes naturais em Macaca mulatta e Cebus apella. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 69: 77-96.
Newstead R (1906) On another new Dermanyssid Acarid parasitic in the lungs of the rhesus monkey (Macaca rhesus). Mem Lpool Sch Trop Med 18: 45.
Newstead R, Todd JL (1906) On a new dermanyssid acarid found living in the lungs of monkeys ( Cercopithecus schmidti) from the upper Congo. Mem Lpool Sch Trop Med 18: 41-44.
Nicholas WL (1967) The biology of acanthocephala. Adv Parasitol 5: 205 - 246.
Nielsen DH (1980) Prosthenorchis elegans infection in a primate colony. Amer Assoc Zoo Vet Ann Proc, pp 113 - 116.
Nigi H, Itakura C (1968) Spontaneous toxoplasmosis in Lemur catta. Primates 9: 155 - 160.
Nöda S (1962) Comparative studies on morphology of free-living stages of Stron- gyloides parasitic in monkeys. Jap J Parasitol 11: 207 - 229.
Nonoyama T, Sugitani T, Orita S, Miyajima H (1984) A pathological study in cynomolgus monkeys infected with Edesonfllaria malayensis. Lab Anim Sci 34: 604 - 609.
Nouvell J, Prot-Lassele J (1963) Shigella dysenteriae 2 chez des chimpanzé en capti-vité. Bull Acad Vét Fr 36: 373 - 379.
Nuttal GHF, Warburton C (1915) The genus Haemaphysalis. In: Ticks, a monograph of the Ixodoidea, part III. Cambridge University Press, pp 349 - 550.
Offutt EP Jr, Telford IR (1945) Sarcocystis in the monkey. A report of two cases. J Parasitol Suppl 21: 15.
Ogata T, Imai H, Coulston F (1971) Pulmonary acariasis in rhesus monkeys: electron microscopic study. Exp Mol Pathol 15: 137.
O’Grady JP, Yeager CH, Esra GN, Thomas W (1982) Ultrasonic evaluation of echinococcosis in four lowland gorillas. JAVMA 181: 1348 - 1350.
Ogunsusi RA, Mohammed AN (1978) The chimpanzee (Pan troglogdytes), a new host for nymphal Armilliter armillatus ( Pentastomida: Porocephalida) in West Africa. Revue d’Elevage et de Med Vet Des Pays Trop 1: 361-362.
Orihel TC (1966) Brugia tupaiae sp. n. (Nematoda:Filarioidea) in tree shrews (Tupaia glis) from Malaysia. J Parasitol 52: 162 - 165.
Orihel TC (1970) Primates as models for parasitological research. In: Goldsmith El, Moor-Jankowski J (eds) Medical primatology. S Karger, Basel, pp 772 - 782.
Orihel TC (1970) Anatrichosomiasis in African monkeys. J Parasitol 56: 982 - 985.
Orihel TC (1970) The helminth parasites of nonhuman primates and man. Lab Anim Care 20: 395 - 401.
Orihel TC (1970) Filariasis in chimpanzees. In: Bourne GH (ed) The chimpanzee, vol 3. University Park Press, Baltimore, pp 56 - 70.
Orihel TC (1971) Necator americanus infection in primates. J Parasitol 57: 117 - 121.
Orihel TC, Esslinger JH (1973) Meningonema peruzzii gen. et sp. n. ( Nematoda: Filarioidea) from the central nervous system of African monkeys. J Parasitol 59: 437-441.
Orihel TC, Scibold HR (1971) Trichospirurosis in South American monkeys. J Parasitol 57: 1366 - 1368.
Orihel TC, Scibold HR (1972) Nematodes of the bowel and tissues. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infectious and parasitic diseases. S Karger, Basel, pp 76 - 103.
Ortlepp RJ (1924) On a collection of helminths from Dutch Guiana. J Helminthol 2: 15.
Otsuru M, Sekikawa H (1968) A survey of simian malaria in Japan. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 62: 558 - 561.
Oudemans AC (1935) Kritische Literaturübersicht zur Gattung Pneumonyssus. Beschreibung dreier Arten, darunter einer neuen. Z Parasitenk 7: 466 - 512.
Owen D, Casillo S (1973) A preliminary survey of the nematode parasites of some imported Old-World monkeys. Lab Anim 7: 265 - 269.
Ow-Yang CK, Wah M J (1975) A remarkable trematode from the parotid gland of Tupaia g lis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Pubi Health 6: 449.
Padovan D, Cantrell C (1983) Causes of death of infant rhesus and squirrel monkeys. JAVMA 183: 1182 - 1184.
Palmieri JR, Krishnasamy M (1978) Phaneropsolus aspinosus sp. n. (Lecithodendri- idae Phaneropsoline) from leaf monkey Macaca fascicularis ( Raffles ). J Helminthol 52: 155-158.
Palmieri JR, Krishnasamy M, Sullivan JT (1977) Helminth parasites of the Old World leaf monkey Presbytis sp. from west Malaysia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Pubi Health 8: 409.
Palmieri JR, Purnomo, Dennis DT, Marwoto HA (1980) Filarid parasites of South Kalimantan (Borneo) Indonesia. Wuchereria kalimantani sp. n. (Nematoda:Filar-ioidea) from the silvered leaf monkey, Presbytis cristatus Eschscholtz 1921. J Parasitol 66: 645 - 651.
Palmieri JR, Purnomo, Lee VH, Dennis DT, Marwoto HA (1980) Parasites of the silvered leaf monkey, Presbytis cristatus Eschscholtz 1921, with a note on a Wuchereria-like nematode. J Parasitol 66: 170 - 171.
Palmieri JR, Dalgard DW, Conner DH (1984) Gastric amebiasis in a silvered leaf monkey. JAVMA 185: 1374 - 1375.
Palmieri JR, Van Dellen AF, Tirtokusumo S, Masbar S, Rusch J, Connor DH (1984) Trapping, care, and laboratory management of the silvered leaf monkey ( Presbytis cristatus ). Lab Anim Sci 34: 194-197.
Palotay JL, Uno H (1975) Hydatid disease in four nonhuman primates. JAVMA 167: 615 - 618.
Parker GA, Gilmore CJ, Roberts CR (1979) Diagnostic exercise. Lab Anim Sci 29: 457 - 458.
Patten RA (1939) Amoebic dysentery in orang-utans (Simia satyrus). Aust Vet J 15: 68 - 71.
Paulicki A (1872) Beiträge zur vergleichenden pathologischen Anatomie aus dem Hamburger Zoologischen Garten II. Grüne Psorospermienheerde in der Affenlunge. Magges Thierheilk 38: 1.
Pavor ML (1965) Lung mites (Pneumonyssus simicola) in the feces of Macaca mulatta. Lab Primate Newslett 4: 4.
Peddie JF, Larson EJ (1971) Demodectic acariasis in a woolly monkey. Vet Med/Sm Anim Clin 66: 485 - 488.
Peel E, Chardome M (1946) Note préliminaire sur des filaridès de chimpanzés, Pan paniscus et Pan satyrus au Congo Belge. Ree Sci Méd Congo Belge 5: 244.
Peel E, Chardome M (1946) Sur des filaridès de chimpanzés “Pan paniscus” et “Pan satyrus” au Congo Belge. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 26: 117 - 156.
Peel E, Chardome M (1947) Note complémentaire sur des filaridés de chimpanzés, Pan paniscus et Pan satyrus Congo Belge. Ann Soc Belge Méd Trop 27:241- 250.
Penner LR (1981) Concerning threadworm (Strongyloides stercoralis) in great apes—lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). J Zoo Anim Med 12: 128 - 131.
Phillipe J (1948) Note sur les gales du singe. Bull Soc Path Exot 41: 597 - 600.
Pietrzyk J, Uminski J (1967) Malaria u malp Cercopithecus wywolana prezez Hepatocystis kochi. Zwierzeta Lab 2: 72 - 79.
Pillers AWN (1921) Sarcoptic scabies (or itch) in the chimpanzee. Brit Vet J 77: 329 - 333.
Pillers AWN (1924) Ascaris lumbricoides causing fatal lesions in a chimpanzee. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 18: 101 - 102.
Pillers AWN, Southwell T (1929) Strongyloides of the woolly monkey ( Lagothrix humbodti ). Ann Trop Med Parasitol 23: 129.
Poelma FG (1966) Eimeria lemuris n. sp., E. galago n. sp. and E. otolicni n. sp. from a galago Galago senegalensis. J Protozool 13: 547 - 549.
Poelma FG (1975) Pneumocystis carinii infections in zoo animals. Z Parasitenk 46: 61 - 68.
Poindexter HA (1942) A study of the intestinal parasites of the monkeys of the San-tiago Island primate colony. Puerto Rico J Publ Health Trop Med 18: 175 - 191.
Poisson R (1953) Sous-ordre des hémosporidies (Haemosporidiidea Danilewsky, 1889 emend.; Doflein, 1901). In: Grassé PP (ed) Traité de Zoologie anatomie- systématique biologie, vol I, fasc II. Masson, Paris, pp 798 - 906.
Pope BL (1966) Some parasites of the howler monkey of northern Argentina. J Parasitol 52: 166 - 168.
Pope BL (1968) XV. Parasites. In: Malinow MR (ed) Biology of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya). Bibl Primat. No 7. S Karger, Basel, pp 204 - 208.
Porter A (1945) Report of the honorary parasitologist for 1944. Proc Zool Soc Lon-don 115: 384 - 386.
Porter A (1952) Chilomastix tarsii sp. n., a new flagellate from the gut of Tarsius car- bonarius. Proc Zool Soc London 121: 915.
Porter A (1953-1954) Report of the honorary parasitologist for the year 1952. Proc Zool Soc London 123: 253 - 257.
Porter A (1954) Report of the honorary parasitologist for the year 1953. Proc Zool Soc London 124: 313 - 316.
Porter A (1955) Summary of the report of the honorary parasitologist for the year 1954. Proc Zool Soc London 125: 541.
Porter JA Jr (1972) Parasites of marmosets. Lab Anim Sci 22: 503 - 506.
Porter JA Jr, Johnson CM, DeSousa L (1966) Prevalence of malaria in Panamanian primates. J Parasitol 52: 669 - 670.
Powers RD, Price RA, Houk RP, Mattlin RH (1966) Echinococcosis in a drill baboon. JAVMA 149: 902 - 905.
Prathap K, Law KS, Bolton JM (1969) Pentastomiasis. A common finding at autopsy among Malaysian aborigines. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 18: 20-27.
Price DL (1959) Dirofilaria magnilarvatum n. sp. (Nematoda:Filarioidea) from Macaca irus Cuvier. I. Description of the adult filarial worms. J Parasitol 45: 499 - 504.
Prine JR (1968) Pancreatic flukes and amoebic colitis in a gorilla. Abst 50 19th Ann Meeting Amer Assoc Lab Animal Sci, Las Vegas, 1968.
Prosl H, Tamer A (1979) The parasite fauna of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatto) and the Java ape ( Macaca irus ). Zentralbl Veterinärmed 26B: 696-709.
Pryor WH Jr, Bergner JF, Raulston GL (1970) Leech (Dinobdella ferox) infection of a Taiwan monkey ( Macaca cyclopis ). JAVMA 157: 1926-1927.
Pucak GJ, Johnson DK (1972) Sarcocystis in a Patas monkey ( Erythrocebuspatas ). Lab Anim Dig 8: 36-39.
Purvis AJ, Ellison IR, Husting EL (1965) A short note on the findings of schisto-somes in baboons ( Papio rhodesiae ). Central African J Med 11: 368.
Railliet A, Henry A (1909) Sur la classification des Strongylidae. I. Metastrongyli- nae. CR Soc Biol 66: 85-88.
Railliet A, Marullaz M (1919) Sur un cénure nouveau du bonnet chinois (.Macacus sinicus). Bull Soc Path Exot 12: 223 - 228.
Railliet A, Henry A, Joyeux C (1912) Sur deux trématodes de primates. Bull Soc Path Exot 5: 833 - 837.
Ramakrishnan SP, Mohan BN (1961) Simian malaria in the Nilgiris, Madras State, India. Bull Natl Soc Ind Malar Mosquito Dis 9: 139-140.
Ramakrishnan SP, Mohan BN (1962) An enzootic focus of simian malaria in Macaca radiata radiata Geoffrey of Nilgiris, Madras State, India. Ind J Malariol 16: 87-94.
Ratcliffe HL (1931) A comparative study amoebiasis in man, monkeys and cats, with special reference to the formation of the early lesions. Amer J Hyg 14:337- 352.
Ratcliffe HL (1942) Deaths and important diseases. Rep Penrose Res Lab, pp 11 - 25.
Ratcliffe HL (1955) Causes of death in the animal collection. Rep Penrose Res Lab pp 6 - 16.
Ratcliffe HL (1962) Causes of death in the animal collection. Rep Penrose Res Lab Zool Soc Philadelphia, 1961, 6 - 18.
Ratcliffe HL (1963) Causes of death in the animal collection. Rep Penrose Res Lab Zool Soc Philadelphia, 1962, 13 - 24.
Ratcliffe HL, Worth CB (1951) Toxoplasmosis of captive wild birds and mammals. Amer J Path 27: 655 - 667.
Raulston GL (1972) Psorergatic mites in patas monkeys. Lab Anim Sci 22: 107 - 108.
Rawling CA, Splitter GA (1973) Pneumothorax associated with lung mite lesions in a rhesus monkey. Lab Anim Sci 23: 259 - 261.
Reardon LV, Rininger BF (1968) A survey of parasites in laboratory animals. Lab Anim Care 18: 577 - 580.
Reichenow E (1917) Parásitos de la sangre y del intestino de los monos antropomorfos africanos. Bol Real Soc Espan Hist Nat Secc Biol 17: 312 - 332.
Reichenow E (1949-1953) Lehrbuch der Protozoenkunde, 6th ed, 3 vol. Fischer, Jena.
Reid WA, Reardon MJ (1976) Mesocestoides in the baboon and its development in laboratory animals. J Med Primatol 5: 345 - 352.
Remfry J (1982) The endoparasites of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto) before and after capture. Microbiologica 5: 143 - 147.
Renquist DM, Johnson AJ, Lewis JC, Johnson DJ (1975) A natural case of Schisto-soma mansoni in the chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ). Lab Anim Sci 25: 763-768.
Rewell RE (1948) Diseases of tropical origin in captive wild animals. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 42: 17 - 36.
Reyes E (1970) Iodamoeba wallacei n. sp. of amoeba found in Cercopithecus diana L. (Mammalia-Primate) (Sarcodina-Endamoebidae) Bol Soc d Biol Concepcion 42: 215 - 256.
Richart R, Benirschke K (1963) Causes of death in a colony of marmoset monkeys. J Path Bacteriol 86: 221 - 223.
Richter CB, Humason GL, Godbold JH Jr (1978) Endemic Pneumocystis carinii in a marmoset colony. J Comp Path 88: 171 - 180.
Rijpstra AC (1967) Sporocysts of Isospora sp. in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes, L.). Proc Kon Nederl Akad Wet 70: 395 - 401.
Riopelle AJ, Daumy OJ (1962) Care of chimpanzees for radiation studies. Proc Int Symp Bone Marrow Therapy and Chemical Protection in Irradiated Primates. Aug 15-18, 1962. Rijswijk, The Netherlands, pp 205 - 223.
Riopelle AJ (1967) The chimpanzee. In: UFAW Staff (ed) UFAW handbook on the care and management of laboratory animals, 3rd ed. Livingstone and the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, London, pp 696 - 708.
Robertson OH, Loosli CG, Puck TT, Wise H, Lemon HM, Lester W Jr (1947) Tests for the chronic toxicity of propylene glycol and methylene glycol on monkeys and rats by vapor inhalation and oral administration. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 91: 52 - 76.
Rodaniche de ED (1954) Spontaneous toxoplasmosis in the whiteface monkey, Cebus capucinus, in Panama. Amer J Trop Hyg 3: 1023 - 1025.
Rodhain J (1933) Sur une coccidie de l’intestin de l’ouistiti: Hapale jacchuspenicillatus (Geoffroy). CR Soc Biol 114: 1357 - 1358.
Rodhain J (1941) Notes sur Trypanosoma minansense Chagas: identité spécifique du trypanosome du saimiri: Chrysothrix sciureus. Acta Biol Belg 1: 187 - 193.
Rodhain J (1941) Sur un Plasmodium du gibbon Hylobates leusciscus Geoff. Acta Biol Belg 1: 118 - 123.
Rodhain (1948) Contribution á l’étude des Plasmodiums des anthropoides africains. Transmission du Plasmodium malariae de l’homme au chimpanzé. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 28: 39 - 49.
Rodhain J, Dellaert R (1943) L’infection á Plasmodium malariae du chimpanzé chez l’homme. Étude d’une première souche isolée de l’anthropoide Pan satyrus verus. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 23: 19 - 46.
Rodhain J, Dellaert R (1955) Contribution á l’etude de Plasmodium schwetzi E. Brumpt. H. Transmission du Plasmodium schwetzi á l’homme. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 35: 73-76.
Rodhain J, van den Berghe L (1936) Contribution á l’etude des Plasmodiums des singes africains. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 16: 521 - 531.
Rodhain J, van den Berghe L (1939) Paraloa anthropopitheci genre et espèce nou-veaux de Filaroidea chez le chimpanzé du Congo Belge. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 19: 445.
Rodhain J, Wanson M (1954) Un nouveau cas de coenurose chez le babouin ( Theropithecus gelada Ruppell ). Riv Parassitol 15: 613-620.
Ronald NC, Wagner JE (1973) Pediculosis of spider monkeys: a case report with zoonotic implications. Lab Anim Sci 23: 872 - 875.
Rosen S, Hono JE, Barry KG (1968) Malarial nephropathy in the rhesus monkey. Arch Pathol 85: 36 - 44.
Ross PH (1905) A note on the natural occurrence of piroplasmosis in the monkey (Cercopithecus). J Hyg 5: 18 - 23.
Rousselot R (1956) Hepatite filarienne des anthropides. Bull Soc Path Exot 49: 301 - 303.
Rousselot R, Pellissier A (1952) Pathologie du gorille. III. Oesophagostomose nodulaire a Oesophagostomum stephanostomum du gorille et du chimpanzé. Bull Soc Path Exot 45: 568-574.
Rowland Eloise, Vandenbergh JG (1965) A survey of intestinal parasites in a new colony of rhesus monkeys. J Parasitol 51: 294 - 295.
Ruch TC (1959) Diseases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Ruiz A, Frenkel JK (1976) Recognition of cyclic transmission of Sarcocystis muris by cats. J Infect Dis 133: 409 - 418.
Sachs R, Voelker J (1975) A primate, Mandrillus leucophaeus, as natural host of the African lung fluke Paragonimus africanus in West Cameroon. Tropenmed Parasitol 26: 205-206.
Sagartz JW, Tingpalapong M (1974) Cerebral cysticercosis in a white-handed gibbon. JAVMA 165: 844 - 845.
Sakakibara I (1981) Naturally occurring diseases in cynomolgus monkeys. Jap J Med Sci Biol 34: 263 - 267.
Sakakibara I, Sugimoto Y, Koyama T, Honjo S (1982) Natural transmission of Entamoeba histolytica from mother cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) to their newborn infants under indoor rearing conditions. Exper Anim 31:135- 138.
Salis H (1941) Studies on the morphology of the E. histolytica-like amoebae found in monkeys. J Parasitol 27: 327 - 341.
Sambon LW (1910) Porocephaliasis in man. J Trop Med Hyg 13:17-24, 212-217, 258 - 263.
Sambon LW (1922) A synopsis of the family Linguatulidae. J Trop Med Hyg 25:188-206, 391 - 428.
Sambon LW (1924) The elucidation of cancer. J Trop Med Hyg 27: 124 - 174.
Sandground JH (1925) Speciation and specificity in the nematode genus Stron- gyloides. J Parasitol 12: 59 - 80.
Sandground JH (1930) Notes and descriptions of some parasitic helminths collected by the expedition. Contrib Dept Trop Med Inst Trop Biol Med 5: 462 - 486.
Sandground JH (1933) Report on the nematode parasites collected by the Kelley- Roosevelts expedition to Indo-China with descriptions of several new species. I. Parasites of birds. 2. Parasites of mammals. Z Parasitenk 5: 542.
Sandground JH (1936) On the occurrence of a species of Loa in monkeys in the Bel-gian Congo. Ann Soc Beige Med Trop 16: 273.
Sandground JH (1936) Scientific results of an expedition to rain forest regions in Eastern Africa. Bull Mus Comp Zool Harvard 79: 343 - 366.
Sandground JH (1937) On a coenurus from the brain of a monkey. J Parasitol 23: 482 - 490.
Sandground JH (1938) Some parasitic worms in the helminthological collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 2. A redescription of Tetrapetalonema digitata (Chandler 1929) comb, nov., a filariid parasite of gibbon apes with an enumeration of its congeners. Bull Mus Comp Zool Harv 85: 49.
Sandosham AA (1950) On Enterobius vermicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) and some related species from primates and rodents. J Helminthol 24: 171 - 204.
Sandosham A A (1951) On two helminths from the orang-utan, Leipertrema rewelli, n.g., n. sp. and Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856). J Helminthol 25: 19 - 26.
Sandosham A A (1954) Malaysian parasites. XV. Seven new worms from miscel-laneous hosts. Stud Inst Med Res Fed Malaya 26: 213 - 226.
Sandosham AA, Wharton RH, Warren M, Eyles DE (1962) Microfilariae in the rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatto) from East Pakistan. J Parasitol 48: 489.
Sano M, Kino H, deGuzman TS, Ishii AI, Kino J, Tanaka T, Tsuruta M (1980) Studies on the examination of imported laboratory monkey Macaca fascicularis for E. histolytica and other intestinal parasites. Intern J Zoon 7: 34 - 39.
Sasa M, Tanaka H, Fukui M, Takata A (1962) Internal parasites of laboratory animals. In: Harris RJC (ed) The problems of laboratory animal disease. Academic, New York, pp 195 - 214.
Sawada I, Kifune T (1974) A new species anoplocephaline cestode from Macaca irus. Jap J Parasitol 23: 366 - 368.
Schacher JF (1962) Morphology of the microfilaria of Brugia pahangi and of the lar-val stages in the mosquito. J Parasitol 48: 679 - 692.
Schacher JF (1962) Developmental stages of Brugia pahangi in the final host. J Parasitol 48: 693 - 706.
Schad GA, Anderson RC (1963) Macacanema formosana n. g., n. sp. ( Onchocerci- dae: Dirofilariinae) from Macaca cyclopsis of Formosa. Can J Zool 41: 797-800.
Schiefer B, Loew FM (1978) Amebiasis and salmonellosis in a woolly monkey ( Lagothrix ). Vet Pathol 15: 428-431.
Schmidt GD (1972) Acanthocephala of captive primates. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infectious and parasitic diseases. S Karger, Basel, pp 144 - 156.
Schmidt GD, File S (1977) Tupaiataenia quentini gen. et sp. n. ( Anoplocephali- dae: Linstowiinae) and other tapeworms from the common tree shrew, Tupaia glis. J Parasitol 63: 473-475.
Schmidt LH, Greenland R, Genther CS (1961) The transmission of Plasmodium cynomolgi to man. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 10: 679 - 688.
Schmidt LH, Greenland R, Rossan R, Genther C (1961) Natural occurrence of malaria in rhesus monkeys. Science 133: 753.
Schmidt RE (1978) Systemic pathology of chimpanzees. J Med Primatol 7: 274 - 318.
Schmidt RE, Prine JR (1970) Severe enterobiasis in a chimpanzee. Path Vet 7: 56 - 59.
Schoeb TR (1984) Klossiella sp. infection in a galago. JAVMA 185: 1381 - 1382.
Schultz AH (1939) Notes on diseases and healed fractures of wild apes, and their bearing on the antiquity of pathological conditions in man. Bull Hist Med 7:571-582. Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Diseases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Schwetz J (1933) Trypanosomes rares de la région de Stanleyville (Congo belge). Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 11: 287 - 296.
Schwetz J (1934) Sur quelques trypanosomes rares de la région de Stanleyville (deuxieme note). Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 12: 278 - 282.
Scott HH (1926) Report on the deaths occurring in the Society’s gardens during the year 1925. Proc Zool Soc London 97: 231 - 244.
Scibold HR, Fusscil EN (1973) Intestinal microsporidiosis in Callicebus moloch. Lab Anim Sci 23: 115 - 118.
Scibold HF, Wolf RH (1970) American trypanosomiasis in Hylobates pileatus. Lab Anim Sci 20: 514 - 517.
Scibold HR, Wolf RH (1971) Toxoplasmosis in Aotus trivirgatus and Callicebus moloch. Lab Anim Sci 21: 118 - 120.
Scibold HR, Wolf RH (1973) Neoplasms and proliferative lesions in 1065 nonhuman primate necropsies. Lab Anim Sci 23: 533 - 539.
Self JT (1969) Biological relationships of the Pentastomida. A bibliography on the Pentastomida. Exp Parasitol 24: 63 - 119.
Self JT (1972) Pentastomiasis host responses to larval and nymphal infections. Trans Amer Micr Soc 91: 2 - 8.
Self JT, Cosgrove GE (1968) Penastome larvae in laboratory primates. J Parasitol 54: 969.
Self JT, Cosgrove GE (1972) Penastomida. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infectious and parasitic diseases. S Karger, Basel, pp 194 - 204.
Seneca H, Wolf A (1955) Trypanosoma cruzi infection in the Indian monkey. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 4: 1009 - 1014.
Sen Gupta PC, Ray HN (1955) A cytochemical study of Balantidium coli Malmsten, 1857. Proc Zool Soc India 8: 103 - 110.
Shadduck JA, Pakes SP (1978) Protozoal and metazoal diseases. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of laboratory animals, chapter 17, vol II. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 1587 - 1696.
Shannon RC, Greene CT (1926) A bottfly parasite in monkeys. Zoopathologica 1: 285.
Sheldon WG (1966) Psoregatic mange in the sooty mangabey (Cercocebus torquates atys) monkey. Lab Anim Care 16: 276 - 279.
Shiroishi T, Davis J, Warren M (1968) Hepatocystis in white-cheeked gibbon Hylo-bates concolor. J Parasitol 54: 168.
Shortt HE, Rao G, Qadri SS, Abraham R (1961) Plasmodium osmaniae, a malaria parasite of an Indian Macaca radiata. J Trop Med Hyg 64: 140 - 143.
Sinton JA (1934) A quartan malaria parasite of the lower oriental monkey, Silenus irus (Macaca cynomolgus). Records Malaria Surv India 4: 379 - 410.
Sinton JA, Mulligan HW (1932-1933) A critical review of the literature relating to the identification of the malaria parasites recorded from monkeys of the families Cercopithecidae and Colobidae. Ree Malar Surv Ind 3: 357-380, 381 - 444.
Skrjabin KI, Shirhobalova NP, Shults RS (1954) Trichostrongylids of animals and man. In: Skrjabin KI (ed) Essentials of nematodology, vol 3. Acad Sci, USSR. (English edition, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1960.)
Slaughter LJ, Bostrom RE (1969) Physalopterid ( Abbreviata poicilometra) infection in a sooty mangabey monkey. Lab Anim Care 19: 235-236.
Slaughter LJ, Dade AW, Chineme C, Andrews EJ (1974) Pentastoma larvae in a squirrel monkey. JAVMA 164: 711.
Sluiter C, Wellengrebel N, Ihle J (1922) De dierlyke parasieten van den mensch en van onze hursdieren scheltema and holkema. Amsterdam.
Sly DL, Toft JD II, Gardiner CH, London WT (1982) Spontaneous occurrence of Angiostrongylus costaricensis in marmosets ( Saguinus mystax ). Lab Anim Sci 32: 286-288.
Smetana HF, Oriehel TC (1969) Gastric papillomata in Macaca speciosa induced by Nochtia nochti ( Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea). J Parasitol 55: 349-351.
Smiley RL, O’Connor BM (1980) Mange in Macaca arctoides (Primates Cerco-pithecidae) caused by Cosarcoptes scanloni ( Acari: Sarcoptidae) with possible human involvement and descriptions of the adult male and immature stages. Intern J Acarol 6: 283-290.
Smith WN, Chitwood MB (1954) Anatrichosoma cynamolgi, a new trichurid nematode from monkeys. J Parasitol Suppl 40: 12.
Smith WN, Chitwood MB (1967) Trichospirura leptostoma gen et sp n (Nematoda: Thelazioidea) from the pancreatic ducts of the white-eared marmoset, Callithrix jacchus. J Parasitol 53: 1270-1272.
Smith WN, Levy BM (1969) The effects of Trichospirura leptostoma on the pancreas of Callithrix jacchus. Program and Abstracts No 7, p 45,44th Annual Meeting Amer Soc Path, Washington, DC 1969.
Soave OA (1963) Diagnosis and control of common diseases of hamsters, rabbits, and monkeys. JAVMA 142: 285 - 290.
Sood ML, Toong R (1973) Streptopharagus guptai n. sp. ( Nematoda: Spiruridae) from the rectum of a rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta from India. Zoolog Anz 190: 132-136.
Soulsby EJL (1965) Textbook of veterinary clinical parasitology, vol I. Helminths. FA Davis, Philadelphia.
Soulsby EJL (1968) Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals (Mönnig), 6th ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Sousa OE, Rossan RN, Baerg DC (1974) The prevalence of trypanosomes and microfilariae in Panamanian monkeys. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 23: 862 - 868.
Stam AB (1960) Fatal ascaridosis in a dwarf chimpanzee. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 35: 675.
Stiles CW, Hassall A (1929) Key-catalogue of parasites reported for primates (mon-keys and lemurs) with their possible public health importance. Hyg Lab Bull No 152 Public Health Serv, Washington, DC. Cited by Dunn FL (1968) The parasites of Saimiri; in the context of Platyrrhine parasitism. In: Rosenblum, LA, Cooper RW (ed) The squirrel monkey, chapter 2. Academic, New York, pp 31 - 68.
Stiles CW, Nolan MO (1929) Key-catalogue of primates for which parasites are reported. Hyg Lab Bull No 152, Public Health Serv, Washington, DC. Cited by Dunn FL (1968) The parasites of Saimiri; in the context of Platyrrhine parasitism. In: Rosenblum LA, Cooper RW (eds) The squirrel monkey, chapter 2. Academic, New York, pp 31 - 68.
Stokes WS, Donovan JC, Montrey RD, Thompson WL, Wannemacher RW Jr, Ros- miarek H (1983) Acute clinical malaria (Plasmodium inui) in a cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis ). Lab Anim Sci 33: 81-85.
Stolz G (1962) Spontaneous lethal toxoplasmosis in a woolly monkey. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 104: 162 - 166.
Stone WB, Hughes JA (1969) Massive pulmonary acariasis in the pig-tail macaque. Bull Wildl Dis Assoc 5: 20.
Stone WM (1964) Strongyloides ransomi prenatal infection in swine. J Parasitol 50: 568.
Stookey JL, Moe JB (1978) The respiratory system. In: Benirschke K, Garner FM, Jones TC (eds) Pathology of laboratory animals, chapter 2, vol I. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 72 - 113.
Strandtmann RW, Wharton GW (1958) A manual of mesostigmatid mites parasitic on vertebrates. Contrib No 4 Inst Acarology University of Maryland, College Park.
Strong JP, McGill HC Jr, Miller JH (1961) Schistosomiasis mansoni in the Kenya baboon. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 10: 25 - 31.
Strong JP, Miller JH, McGill HC Jr (1965) Naturally occurring parasitic lesions in baboons. In: Vagtborg H (ed) The baboon in medical research, Univ of Texas Press, Austin, TX, pp 503 - 512.
Stunkard HW (1923) On the structure, occurrence and significance of Athesmia foxi, a liver fluke of American monkeys. J Parasitol 10: 71 - 79.
Stunkard HW (1940) The morphology and life history of the cestode, Bertiella studeri. Amer J Trop Med 20: 305 - 333.
Stunkard HW (1965) Paratriotaenia oedipomidatis gen. et sp. n. (Cestoda), from a marmoset. J Parasitol 51: 545 - 551.
Stunkard HW (1965) New intermediate hosts in the life cycle of Prosthenorchis ele- gans (Diesing 1851), an acanthocephalan parasite of primates. J Parasitol 51: 645 - 649.
Stunkard HW, Goss LJ (1950) Eurytrema brumpti Railliet, Henry and Joyeux, 1912 ( Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae), from the pancreas and liver of African anthropoid apes. J Parasitol 36: 574-581.
Suldey EW (1924) Dysentérie amibienne spontanée chez le chimpanzé (Troglodytes niger). Bull Soc Path Exot 17: 771 - 773.
Summers WA (1960) A case of hydatid disease in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatto). Allied Vet 31: 141 - 143.
Sureau P, Raynaud JP, Lapeire C, Brygoo ER (1962) Premier isolement de Tox-oplasma gondii à Madasgascar. Toxoplasmose spontanée et experimentale du Lemur catta. Bull Soc Path Exot 55: 357-362.
Swellengrebel NH, Rijpstra AC (1965) Lateral-spined schistosome ova in the intestine of a squirrel monkey from Surinam. Trop Geograph Med 17: 80 - 84.
Swift HF, Boots RH, Miller CP (1922) A cutaneous nematode infection in monkeys. J Exp Med 35: 599 - 620.
Takos MJ, Thomas LJ (1958) The pathology and pathogenesis of fatal infections due to an acanthocephalid parasite of marmoset monkeys. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 7: 90 - 94.
Taliaferro WH, Taliaferro LG (1934) Morphology, periodicity and course of infection of Plasmodium brasilianum in Panamanian monkeys. Amer J Hyg 20: 1 - 49.
Tanaka H, Fukui M, Yamamoto H, Hayama S, Kodera S (1962) Studies on the iden-tification of common intestinal parasites of primates. Bull Exp Anim 11: 111 - 116.
Tanguy Y (1937) La piroplasmose du singe. Ann Inst Pasteur 59: 610 - 623.
Taylor AER (1959) Dirofilaria magnilvarvatum Price, 1959 (Nematoda:Filarioidea) from Macaca irus Cuvier. II. Microscopical studies on the microfilariae. J Parasitol 45: 505 - 510.
Teare JA, Loomis MR (1982) Epizootic of balantidiasis in lowland gorillas. JAVMA 181: 1345 - 1347.
Terrell TG, Stookey JL (1972) Chronic eosinophilic myositis in a rhesus monkey infected with sarcosporidiosis. Pathol Vet 9: 266 - 271.
Thatcher VE, Porter JA Jr (1968) Some helminth parasites of Panamanian primates. Trans Amer Micr Soc 87: 186 - 196.
Thézé J (1916) Rapport sur les travaux de l’Institut d’Hygiene et de Bactériologie. 1914-1915. Bull Soc Path Exot 9: 449 - 469.
Thienpont D, Mortelmans J, Vercruysse J (1962) Contribution à l’étude de la Tri- huriose du chimpanzé et de son traitement avec la methyridine. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop 2:211-218. Cited by Flynn RJ ( 1973 ) Parasites of laboratory animals. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
Thornton H (1924) The relationship between the ascarids of man, pig and chimpan-zee. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 18: 99 - 100.
Tihen WS (1970) Tetrapetalonema marmosete in cotton-topped marmosets, Sagui- nus oedipus, from the region of San Marcos, Colombia. Lab Anim Sci 20: 759 - 762.
Toft JDII (1982) The pathoparasitology of the alimentary tract and pancreas of non- human primates: a review. Vet Pathol 19 (Suppl 7): 44 - 92.
Toft JD II, Ekstrom ME (1980) Identification of metazoan parasites in tissue sections. In: Montali RJ, Migaki G (eds) The comparative pathology of zoo animals. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp 369 - 378.
Toft JD II, Schmidt RE, DePaoli A (1976) Intestinal polyposis associated with oxy- urid parasites in a chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ). J Med Primatol 5: 360-364.
Trapido H, Work TH (1962) Non-human vertebrates and hosts and disseminators of Kyasanur Forest disease. Proc 9th Pacific Sci Cong 17: 85 - 87.
Trapido H, Gorerdham MK, Rajagopalan PK, Rebello MJ (1964) Ticks ectoparasitic on monkeys in the Kyasanur Forest disease area of Shimoga District, Mysore State, India. Amer J Trop Med 13: 763-772.
Travassos LP, Vogelsang EG (1929) Sobre um novo Trichostrongylidae parasito de Maccacus [sic] rhesus. Sci Med Ital 7: 509 - 511.
Treadgold CH (1920) On a filaria, Loapapionis n. sp. parasitic in Papio cynocepha- lus. Parasitology 12: 113 - 115.
Troisier J, Deschiens RE (1930) Deux cas d’oxyurose chez le chimpanzé traversée de la paroi intestinale jusgu au peritonine. Ann Parasit 8: 562 - 565.
Troisier J, Deschiens RE, Limousin H, Delorme MJ (1928) L’infestation du chim-panzé par un nématode du genre Hépaticola. Ann Inst Pasteur, Paris 42: 827-840.
Troisier J, Deschiens RE, Limousin H, Delorme MJ (1928) L’infestation du chim-panzé par un nématode du genre Hépaticola. Bull Soc Path Exot 21: 211 - 222.
Tuggle BN, Beehler BA (1984) The occurrence of Pterygodermatites nycticebi ( Nematoda: Rictulariidae) in a captive slow loris Nycticebus coucang. Proc Helmin- thol Soc Washington, DC 51: 162-163.
Uemura E, Houser WD, Cupp CJ (1979) Strongyloidiasis in an infant orangutan ( Pongo pygmaeus ). J Med Primatol 8: 282-288.
Uilenberg G, Ribot JJ (1965) Note sur la toxoplasmose des lemuriens ( Primates: Lemuridae). Rev Elev Med Pays Trop 18: 247-248.
Ulrich CP, Henrickson RV, Karr SL (1981) An epidemiological survey of wild caught and domestic born rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto) for anatrichosoma ( Nematoda: Trichinellida). Lab Anim Sci 31: 726-727.
Urbain A, Bullier P (1935) Un cas de cénurose conjonctive chez un gelada (Theropithecus gelada) ( Ruppel ). Bull Acad Nat Med 8: 322-324.
Urbain A, Nouvel J (1944) Petite enzootic de strongyloidose observée sur des singes supérieurs: gibbons â favoris blancs (Hylobates concolor leucogenis Ogilby) et chim-panzés ( Pan troglodytes L. ). Bull Acad Vét Fr 17: 337-341.
Valerio DA, Miller RL, Innés JRM, Courtney KD, Pallotta AJ, Guttmacher RM (1969) Macaca mulatta: management of a laboratory breeding colony. Academic, New York.
Van Riper DC, Day PW, Finey J, Prince JR (1966) Intestinal parasites of recently imported chimpanzees. Lab Anim Care 16: 360 - 362.
Van Stee EW (1964) Some observations on the clinical management of the chimpan-zee. USAF Sch Aerospace Med ( AFSC) Brooks AFB, TX, Tech Doc Rept SAM-TDR 64 - 45.
Van Thiel PH (1926) On some filariae parasitic in Surinam mammals, with the description of Filariopsis asper n. g., n. sp. Parasitology 18: 128.
Van Thiel PH, Wiegand-Bruss CJE (1945) Présence de Prosthenorchis spirula chez les chimpanzés. Son rôle pathogène et son dévelopment. Dans Blattella germanica. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 20: 304-320.
Vickers JH (1966) Hepatocystis kochi in Cercopithecus monkeys. JAVMA 149: 906 - 908.
Vickers JH (1968) Gastrointestinal diseases of primates. In: Kirk RW (ed) Current veterinary therapy. III. Small animal practice. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 393 - 396.
Vickers JH (1969) Diseases of primates affecting the choice of species for toxico-logic studies. Ann NY Acad Sci 162: 659 - 672.
Vickers JH, Penner LR (1968) Cysticercosis in four rhesus brains. JAVMA 153: 868 - 871.
Vitzhum H (1930) Pneumonyssus stammen ein neuer Lungenparasit. Z Parasitenk 2: 595 - 615.
Vogel H (1927) Beiträge zur Anatomie der Gattungen Dirofilaria und Loa. Zbl Bakt IOrig 102: 81.
Vogel H, Vogelsang EG (1930) Neue Filarien aus dem Orang-utan und der Ratte. Zbl Bakt Abt 1, Orig 117: 480 - 485.
Voller A (1972) Plasmodium and hepatocystis. In: Fiennes RNT-W (ed) Pathology of simian primates. Part II. Infectious and parastic diseases. S Karger, New York, pp 57 - 73.
Vuylsteke C, Rodhain J (1938) Dirofilaria schoutedeni n. sp. de Colobus polykomos uelensis. Rev Zool Bot Afr 30: 356.
Walker AE (1936) Cysticercosis cellulosae in the monkey. A case report. J Comp Path 49: 141 - 145.
Walker EL (1913) Experimental balantidiasis. Philip J Sci Sect B 8: 333 - 339.
Wallace FG, Mooney RD, Sanders A (1948) Strongyloides fulleborni infection in man. Amer J Trop Med 28: 299 - 302.
Wallace GD (1972) Experimental transmission of Toxoplasma gondii by cock-roaches. J Infect Dis 126: 545 - 547.
Wardle RA, McLeod JA (1952) The zoology of tapeworms. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
Warren MCW, Wharton RH (1963) The vectors of Simian malaria: identity, biology, and geographical distribution. J Parasitol 49: 892 - 904.
Warren MCW, Bennett GF, Sandosham AA, Coatney GR (1965) Plasmodium eylesi sp. nov., a tertian malaria parasite from the white-handed gibbon, Hylobates lar. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 59: 500-508.
Warren MCW, Coatney GR, Skinner JC (1966) Plasmodium jefferyi sp. n. from Hylobates lar in Malaya. J Parasitol 52: 9 - 13.
Warren MCW, Shiroishi T, Davis J (1968) A hepatocystis-like parasite of the gibbon. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 62: 4.
Webber WAF (1955) The filarial parasites of primates: a review. I. Dirofilaria and Dipetalonema. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 49: 123 - 141.
Webber WAF (1955) The filarial parasites of primates: a review. II. Loa, Protofilaria and Parlitomosa, with notes on incompletely identified adult and larval forms. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 49: 235 - 249.
Webber WAF (1955) Dirofilaria aethiops Webber, 1955, a filarial parasite of mon-keys. I. The morphology of the adult worms and microfilariae. Parasitology 45: 369 - 377.
Webber WAF (1955) Dirofilaria aethiops Webber, 1955, a filarial parasite of mon-keys. III. The larval development in mosquitoes. Parasitology 45: 388 - 400.
Webber WAF, Hawking F (1955) The filarial worms Dipetalonema digitatum and D. gracile in monkeys. Parasitology 45: 401 - 408.
Weidman FD (1923) The animal parasites, their incidence and significance. In: Fox H (ed) Disease in captive wild mammals and birds: incidence, description, compari-son. JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 614 - 659.
Weidman FD (1923) Certain dermatoses of monkeys and an ape. Pemphigus, scabies, sebaceous cyst, local subcutaneous edema, benign superficial blastomy- cotic dermatosis and tinea capitis and circinata. Arch Dermatol Syphilol 7:289- 302.
Weinberg M (1906) Kystes vermineux du gros intestin chez le chimpanzé et les singes inférieurs. CR Soc Biol, Paris 60: 446 - 449.
Weinberg M (1907) Du rôle des helminthes, des larves d’helminthes, et des larves d’insectes dans la transmission des microbes pathogènes. Ann Inst Pasteur 21:417-442, 533-561. Cited by Ruch TC ( 1959 ) Diseases of laboratory primates. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Weinberg M (1908) Oesophagostomose des anthropoides et des singes inférieurs. Arch Parasitol 13: 161 - 203.
WelldeBT, Johnson AJ, Williams JS, Langbehn HR, Sadun EH (1971) Hematologic, biochemical, and parasitologic parameters of the night monkey ( Aotus trivirgatus ). Lab Anim Sci 21: 575-580.
Wenrich DH (1933) A species of Hexamita (Protozoa, Flagellata) from the intestine of a monkey (.Macacus rhesus). J Parasitol 19: 225 - 229.
Wenrich DH (1937) Studies of lodamoeba bütschlii (protozoa) with special reference to nuclear structure. Proc Amer Phil Soc 77: 183 - 205.
Wenrich DH, Nie D (1949) The morphology of Trichomonas wenyoni ( Protozoa, Mastigophora). J Morphol 85: 519-531.
Wenyon CM (1926) Protozoology: a manual for medical men, veterinarians and zoologists. 2 vol Balière. Tindall and Cox, London.
Wharton RH (1957) Studies on filariasis in Malaya: observations on the development of Wuchereria malayi in Mansonia (Mansoniodes) longipalpis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 51: 278 - 296.
Wharton RH (1959) Dirofilaria magnilarvatum Price, 1959 (Nematoda.Filarioidea) from Macaca irus Cuvier. IV. Notes on larval development in Mansonioides mosquitoes. J Parasitol 45: 513 - 518.
Whitney RA Jr, Kruckenberg JM (1967) Pentastomid infection associated with peritonitis in mangabey monkeys. JAVMA 151: 907 - 908.
Whitney RA, Johnson DJ, Cole WC (1967) The subhuman primate: a guide for the veterinarian. Edge wood Arsenal Maryland EASP 100 - 26.
Wigglesworth VB (1932) Exhibition of a new species of sucking louse from a chim-panzee. Proc Zool Soc London 1079.
Williams CSF, Murray RE, McGovney RM, Cockrell BY (1973) Adamantinoma in a spider monkey ( Ateles fusciceps ). Lab Anim Sci 23: 273-275.
Wilson DA, Day PA, Brummer EG (1984) Diarrhea associated with Cryp-tosporidium sp. in juvenile macaques. Vet Pathol 21: 447 - 450.
Windle DW, Reigle DH, Heckman MG (1970) Physaloptera tumefaciens in the stump-tailed macaque ( Macaca arctoides ). Lab Anim Care 20: 763-767.
Witenberg GG (1964) Cestodiases. In: van der Hoeden J (ed) Zoonoses. American Elsevier, New York, pp 649 - 707.
Witenberg GG (1964) Acanthocephala infections. In: van der Hoeden (ed) Zoonoses. American Elsevier, New York, pp 708 - 709.
Wong MM (1970) Procedure in laboratory examination of primates with special reference to necropsy technics. Lab Anim Care 20: 337 - 341.
Wong MM, Conrad HD (1972) Parasite nodules in the macaques. J Med Primatol 1: 156 - 171.
Wong MM, Conrad HD (1978) Prevalence of metazoan parasite infections in five species of Asian macaques. Lab Anim Sci 28: 412 - 416.
Wong MM, Kozak WJ (1974) Spontaneous toxoplasmosis in macaques: a report of four cases. Lab Anim Sci 24: 273 - 278.
Woodard JC (1968) Acarous (Pneumonyssus simicola) arteritis in rhesus monkeys. JAVMA 153: 905 - 909.
Worms MJ (1967) Parasites of newly imported animals. J Inst Anim Technic 18: 39 - 47.
Yamaguti S (1954) Studies on helminth fauna of Japan. Part 51. Mammalian nema-todes. V Acta Med Okayama 9: 105 - 121.
Yamaguti S (1958) The digenetic trematodes of vertebrates. Vol I. 2 parts. In: Yamaguti S, Systema helminthum. Interscience, New York.
Yamaguti S (1959) The cestodes of vertebrates. Vol II. In: Yamaguti S, Systema hel-minthum. Interscience, New York.
Yamaguti S (1961) The nematodes of vertebrates. Vol III. In: Yamaguti S, Systema helminthum. Interscience, New York.
Yamaguti S, Hayama S (1961) A redescription of Edesonfilaria malayensis Yeh, 1960, with remarks on its systematic position. Proc Helminthol Soc Washington, DC 28: 83-86.
Yamashiroya HM, Reed JM, Blair WH, Schneider MD (1971) Some clinical and microbiological findings in vervet monkeys ( Ceropithecus aethiops pygerythrus ). Lab Anim Sci 21: 873-883.
Yamashita J (1963) Ecological relationships between parasites and primates. I. Hel-minth parasites and primates. Primates 4: 1 - 96.
Yeh L-S (1957) On a filarial parasite, Deraiophoronema freitaslenti n. sp. from the giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla from British Guiana, and a proposed reclassification of Dipetalonema and related genera. Parasitology 47: 196 - 205.
Yeh L-S (1960) On a new filarioid worm, Edesonfilaria malayensis gen. et sp. nov. from the long-tailed macaque (.Macaca irus). J Helminthol 34: 125 - 128.
Yokogawa S (1941) On the classficiation of the plasmodia found in the indigenous monkey (black-leg monkey) of Formosa found by us and previously reported. J Med Assoc Formosa 40: 2185 - 2186.
Yorke W, Maplestone PA (1926) The nematode parasites of vertebrates. Blakiston, Philadelphia.
Yoshimura K, Hishinuma Y, Sato M (1969) Ogmocotyle ailuri (Price, 1954) in the Taiwanese monkey, Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe, 1862). J Parasitol 55: 460.
Young MD (1970) Natural and induced malarias in Western Hemisphere monkeys. Lab Anim Care 20: 361 - 367.
Young RJ, Fremming BD, Benson RE, Harris MD (1957) Care and management of a Macaca mulatta monkey colony. Proc Anim Care Panel 7: 67 - 82.
Yue MY, Jensen JM, Jorden HE (1980) Spirurid infections (.Rictularia sp.) in golden marmosets, Leontopithecus rosalia (syn. Leontideus rosalia) from the Oklahoma City Zoo. J Zool Anim 11: 77-80.
Yunker CE (1964) Infections of laboratory animals potentially dangerous to man: ectoparasites and other anthropods with emphasis on mites. Lab Anim Care 14: 455 - 465.
Zarman V (1970) Sarcocystis sp. in the slow loris, Nycticebus coucang. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 64: 195 - 196.
Zaman V (1972) A trypanosome of the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang). Southeast Asian J Trop Med Publ Health 3: 22 - 24.
Zaman V, Goh TK (1968) Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from the slow loris, Nyc-ticebus coucang. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 62: 52-53.
Zaman V, Goh TK (1970) Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from Malayan tree shrew. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 64: 462.
Ziemann H (1902) Über das Vorkommen von Filaria perstans und von Trypanoso-men beim Schimpanse. Arch Schiffs Tropen Hyg 6: 362.
Zumpt F (1961) The arthropod parasites of vertebrates in Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian region), vol 1 (Chelicerata). Pub 5th Afr Inst Med Res 9: 1 - 457.
Zumpt F, Till WM (1954) The lung and nasal mites of the genus Pneumonyssus Banks ( Acarina: Laelaptidae) with description of two new species from African primates. J Ent Soc So Afr 17: 195-212.
Zumpt F, Till WM (1955) The mange-causing mites of the genus Psorergates ( Aca- rina: Myobiidae) with description of a new species from a South African monkey. Parasitology 45: 269-274.
Zwicker GM, Carlton WW (1972) Fluke ( Gastrodiscoides hominus) infection in a rhesus monkey. JAVMA 161: 702-703.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Toft, J.D. (1986). The Pathoparasitology of Nonhuman Primates: A Review. In: Benirschke, K. (eds) Primates. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4918-4_45
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4918-4_45
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9360-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-4918-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive