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The Somatostatin Genes

  • Chapter
Molecular Cloning of Hormone Genes

Part of the book series: Molecular Biology and Biophysics ((MBB))

Abstract

Somatostatin (somatotropin-release inhibiting factor; SRIF) was originally named for its ability to inhibit the release of growth hormone from cultured rat pituitary cells (1). Like the names of many other regulatory peptides, the designation SRIF proved to be far too limited. In addition to inhibiting the release of pituitary growth hormone (2,3), somatostatin inhibits the release of thyrotropin (3–6) and, in certain circumstances, prolactin (7) and adrenocorticotropin (8). Somatostatin appears to regulate the secretion of the pancreatic-islet hormones glucagon (9) and insulin (10) and to have a number of effects on gastrointestinal function. These gastrointestinal effects include inhibition of the secretion of gut hormones (gastrin, pancreozymin, pancreatic polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, glucagon, motilin, gastric inhibitory peptide, secretin), exocrine secretion (gastric acid, pancreatic bicarbonate, gastric and pancreatic enzymes), gastrointestinal motility (gastric emptying, gallbladder contraction), absorption, and blood flow (reviewed in 11). Finally, somatostatin influences the release of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine (12), norepinephrine (13), and serotonin (14) and acts as a neurotransmitter itself (15).

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Authors
  1. Richard H. Goodman
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  2. Marc R. Montminy
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  3. Malcolm J. Low
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  4. Joel F. Habener
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Joel F. Habener

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Goodman, R.H., Montminy, M.R., Low, M.J., Habener, J.F. (1987). The Somatostatin Genes. In: Habener, J.F. (eds) Molecular Cloning of Hormone Genes. Molecular Biology and Biophysics. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4824-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4824-8_5

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