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alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors in the Central Nervous System

  • Chapter
The alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors

Part of the book series: The Receptors ((REC))

Abstract

The cell bodies of norepinephrine-containing central neurons are localized in nuclei in the reticular formation of the lower brain stem. These nuclei are labeled A1-A7 (Dahlstrom and Fuxe, 1964), and can be divided into two groups: (1) the lateral tegmental system, innervating the hypothalamus, brainstem, spinal cord, and basal ganglia, and (2) the locus ceruleus (area A6), innervating the neocortex, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum, and spinal cord (Moore, 1982; Moore and Card, 1984). Fibers from the lateral tegmental nuclei ascend in the “ventral norepinephrine bundle,” whereas fibers from the locus ceruleus ascend in the “dorsal norepinephrine bundle,” enabling the separate denervation of the hypothalamus and neocortex by appropriately placed lesions. The norepinephrine-containing fibers arborize widely, and a single neuron may innervate a large area of brain. Apart from classical synaptic contacts, noradrenergic neurons also form nonsynaptic varicosities, which may be the anatomical basis for a local hormone-like (“paracrine”) function of norepinephrine (see Beaudet and Descarries, 1978; Mobley and Greengard, 1985); these varicosities are similar to those of the peripheral sympathetic ground plexus (cf. Livett, 1973).

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  1. E. Szabadi
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    Robert R. Ruffolo Jr.

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Szabadi, E., Bradshaw, C.M. (1987). alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors in the Central Nervous System. In: Ruffolo, R.R. (eds) The alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors. The Receptors. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4582-7_10

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