Abstract
In this chapter we examine the thermodynamics of the liquid-gas systems in porous media. The treatment centers around the examination of two effects, namely, the effect of the liquid-gas interfacial tension and curvature (when the radius of curvature becomes very small), and the effect of the solid-fluid interfacial forces which results in a significant surface adsorption (when specific interfacial area becomes very large for small pores). First the classical treatments, which are centered around the effect of the meniscuscurvature on the thermodynamic state, are discussed. Both single- and multicomponent systems are considered. Then we examine the thermodynamics of thin liquid-film extensions of perfectly wetting liquids and the role of the van der Waals forces on the equilibrium state. Next, the capillary condensation (adsorption) and evaporation (desorption) in small pores is discussed. The hysteresis in the adsorption isotherm, as well as the other features of adsorption and desorption are discussed. The curvature arguments made for the existence of the hysteresis are discussed before the introduction of the more modern descriptions based on the molecular interaction theories. Then two of these modern theories and their predictions of the phase change and the stability of the thin liquid films in small pores are discussed. Some thermodynamic aspects of solid-liquid phase change are discussed in Section 12.6.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Antoniou, A. A., 1964, “Phase Transformation of Water in Porous Glass”, J. Phys. Chem., 68, 2754–2764.
Awschalom, D. D., Warnock, J., and Shafer, M. W., 1986, “Liquid-Film Instabilities in Confined Geometries,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 57, 1607–1610.
Barber, D. J. and Loudun, R., 1989, In Introduction to the Properties of Condensed Matter, Cambridge University.
Bongiorno, V. and Scriven, L. E., 1976, “Molecular Theory of Fluid Interfaces,” J. Colloid Interface Set., 57, 462–475.
Cahn, J. W. and Hilliard, J. E., 1958, “Free Energy of a Nonuniform System. I. Interfacial Free Energy,” J. Chem. Phys., 28, 258–267.
Cole, M. W. and Saam, W. F., 1974, “Excitation Spectrum and Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Films in Cylindrical Pores,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 32, 985–988.
Defay, R. and Prigogine, I., 1966 (English edition), Surface Tension and Adsorption, with collaboration of A. Bellemans, and translated from French by D. H. Everett, J. Wiley.
Dzyaloskinskii, I. E., Lifshitz, E. M., and Pitaevskii, L. P., 1961, “The General Theory of van der Waals Forces,” Adv. Phys., 165–209.
Evans, R., Marini Bettolo Marconi, U., and Tarazona, P., 1986, “Capillary Condensation and Adsorption in Cylindrical and Slit-Like Pores,” J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 82, 1763–1787.
Gregg, S. J. and Sing, K. S. W., 1982, Adsorption, Surface Area and Porosity, Academic.
Hsieh, J.-S., 1975, Principles of Thermodynamic, McGraw-Hill. Chapter 6.
Lienhard, J. H., 1982, “Corresponding States Correlations of the Spinodal and Homogeneous Nucleation Limits,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 104, 379–381.
Peterson, B. K„ Walton, J. P. R. B., and Gubbins, K. E., 1986, “Fluid Behavior in Narrow Pores,” J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 82, 1789–1800.
Rauber, S., Klein, J. R., Cole, M. W., and Bruch, L. W., 1982, “Substrate- Mediated Dispersion Interaction between Adsorbed Atoms and Molecules,” Surf. Sci., 123, 173–178.
Saam, W. F. and Cole, M. W., 1975, “Excitation and Thermodynamics for Liquid- Helium Films,” Phys. Rev. D, 11, 1086–1105.
Slejko, F. L., ed., 1985, Adsorption Technology, Marcel Dekker.
Truong, J. G. and Wayner, P. C., 1987, “Effect of Capillary and van der Waals Dispersion Forces on the Equilibrium Profile of a Wetting Liquid: Theory and Experiment,” J. Chem. Phys., 87, 4180–4188.
Udell, K. S., 1983, “Heat Transfer in Porous Media Heated from above with Evaporation, Condensation and Capillary Effects,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 105, 485–492.
Vidali, G. and Cole, M. W., 1981, “The Interaction between an Atom and a Surface at Large Separation,” Surf. Set., 110, 10–18.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kaviany, M. (1995). Thermodynamics. In: Principles of Heat Transfer in Porous Media. Mechanical Engineering Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4254-3_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4254-3_9
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8710-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-4254-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive