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Inositols—Potential roles in insulin action and in diabetes: Evidence from insulin-resistant nonhuman primates

  • Chapter
Lessons from Animal Diabetes VI

Part of the book series: Rev.Ser.Advs.Research Diab.Animals (Birkhäuser) ((RSARDA,volume 6))

Abstract

Myoinositol is an essential component of all animal cells and is found in plants, fungi, and some bacteria.1 According to Billington,2 myoinositol was first identified in cardiac muscle by Scherer in 1850. It is a component of membrane phospholipids, and the function of these membrane phosphoinositides may prove to be important to the action of insulin, as discussed later. Myoinositol, a cyclitol, is the most common of the nine isomers of hexahydroxycyclohexane. Two stereoisomers of myoinositol are D-chiroinositol and L-chiroinositol. In humans myoinositol is found mainly either in its free form or covalently bound to phospholipid, with three principal forms: phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol-4-P (PIP or PI-4-P), or phosphatidylinositol 4,5-P2 (PI-4,5-P2 or PIP2). The structures of myoinositol, of D-chiroinositol, and of several phosphatidylinositols are shown in Figure 1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Barbara C. Hansen & Dr. Heidi K. Ortmeyer

  2. Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, University of Maryland, 10 S. Pine St., Rm 6-00, 21201, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Dr. Heidi K. Ortmeyer

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  1. Barbara C. Hansen
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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12000, IL 91120, Jerusalem, Israel

    Eleazar Shafrir

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© 1996 Birkhäuser Boston

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Hansen, B.C., Ortmeyer, H.K. (1996). Inositols—Potential roles in insulin action and in diabetes: Evidence from insulin-resistant nonhuman primates. In: Shafrir, E. (eds) Lessons from Animal Diabetes VI. Rev.Ser.Advs.Research Diab.Animals (Birkhäuser), vol 6. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4112-6_19

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