Abstract
Probably the most prominent macromolecule of our time is the DNA molecule. At least, it is a hot candidate. The genome projects, which are essentially DNA sequencing projects, underpin its importance. DNA is responsible for the fact that we are all individuals — and you will learn soon how far the individuality of DNA molecules goes. Essentially, each single naturally occurring DNA molecule is different from all others. This is the reason why more and more scientists try to develop techniques for single DNA molecule analysis. You may have already guessed it: laser microbeams and optical tweezers play an important role.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Selected literature
C.G. Baumann, S.B. Smith, V.A. Bloomfield and C. Bustamante (1997) Ionic effects on the elasticity of single DNA molecules. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94.12, 6185–6190.
D. Bensimon, A. Simon, V. Croquette and A. Bensimon (1995) Stretching DNA with a receding meniscus: experiments and models. Phys. Rev. Lett. 74,4754–4757.
P. Cluzel, A. Lebrun, C. Heller, R. Lavery, J.L. Viovy, D. Chatenay and F. Caron (1996) DNA: An extensible molecule. Science 271, 792–794.
N. Endlich, A. Harim and K.O. Greulich (1994) Microdissection of single DNA molecules and DNA-polycation complexes with a UV laser microbeam in a classical light microscope. Exp. Tech. Phys. 40.1, 87–93.
N. Endlich, C. Hoyer, A. Harim, S. Monajembashi and K.O. Greulich (1996) Special issue on single molecule detection: Micromanipulation of single DNA molecules by laser microbeam and optical tweezers. Exp. Tech. Phys. 41.2, 303–311.
C. Hoyer, S. Monajembashi and K.O. Greulich (1996) The combined optical, electrostatic and enzymatic handling of single DNA molecules. Progress in Biomedical Optics, paper 2928–33.
C. Hoyer, S. Monajembashi and K.O. Greulich (1996) Laser manipulation and UV induced single molecule reactions of individual DNA molecules. Biotech. J. 52.2, 65–73.
T.T. Perkins, D.E. Smith and S. Chu (1994a) Direct observation of tube like motion of a single polymer chain. Science 264, 819–822.
T.T. Perkins, S.R. Quake, D.E. Smith and S. Chu (1994b) Relaxation of a single DNA molecule observed by optical microscopy. Science 264, 822–826.
S.R. Quake, H. Babcock and S. Chu (1997) The dynamics of partially extended single molecules of DNA. Nature 388, 151–154.
D. E. Smith, S. Chu (1998) Response of flexible polymers to a sudden elongation- al flow Science 281, 1335–1340.
S.B. Smith, Y. Cui and C. Bustamente (1996) Overstretching B-DNA: The elastic response of individual double stranded and single stranded DNA molecules. Science 271,795–799.
T.R. Strick, J.F. Allemand, D. Bensimon, A. Bensimon and V. Croquette (1996) The elasticity of a single supercoiled DNA molecule. Science 271, 1835–1837.
M.D. Wang, H. Yin, R. Landick, J. Gelles and S.M. Block (1997) Stretching DNA with optical tweezers, Bioph. J. 72.3, 1335–1346.
Selected literature
N. Endlich, C. Hoyer, A. Harim, S. Monajembashi and K.O. Greulich (1995) Micromanipulation of single DNA molecules by laser microbeam and optical tweezers. Exp. Tech. Phys. 41.2, 303–311.
C. Hoyer, S. Monajembashi and K.O. Greulich (1996) Laser manipulation and UV induced single molecule reactions of individual DNA molecules. J. Biotech. 52.2, 65–73.
S. Karlin, C. Burge and A.M. Campbell, (1992) Nucleic Acids Res. 20, 1363–1370.
T.T. Perkins, D.E. Smith and S. Chu (1994) Direct observation of tube like motion of a single polymer chain. Science 264, 819–822.
H. Yin, M.D. Wang, K. Svoboda, R. Landick, S.M. Block and J. Gelles (1995) Transcription against an applied force. Science 270, 1653–1656.
Selected literature
F.C. Collins (1995) Ahead schedule and under budget: The genome project passes its fifth birthday. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92, 10821–23.
N.J. Nelson (1996) Cloned genes associated with cancer risk. J. Natl. Cancer Institute 88, 72.
T.J. Hudson et al. (1995) An STS based map of the human genome. Science 270, 1945–1954.
Selected literature
M. Djabali, C. Nguyen, I. Biunno, B.A. Oostra, M.G. Mattei, J.E. Ikeda and B.R. Jordan (1991) Laser microdissection of the fragile X region: identification of cosmid clones and of conserved sequences in this region. Genomics 10: 1053–1060.
A. Eckelt, N. Ponelies, E.K.F. Bautz, K. Miller, T. Heuer, B. Tümmler, K.H. Grzeschik, J. Wolfrum and K.O. Greulich (1989) Microdissection in the search for the molecular basis of disease: A chromosome segment specific molecular library. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 93, 1446.
S. Fukui etal. (1992) Microdissection of plant chromosomes by an argon ion laser beam. Theor. Appl. Genetics 84.7–8, 787–794.
S. Hadano, M. Watanabe, H. Yokiu, M. Kogi, I. Kondo, H. Tsuchiya, I. Kanazawa, K. Wakasa, J. Ikeda (1991) Laser microdissection and single unique primer PCR allow generation of regional chromosome DNA clones from a single human chromosome. Genomics 11, 364–373.
W. He, Y. Liu, M. Smith and M.W. Berns (1997) Laser microdissection for gnereation of a human chromosome region specific library. Microsc. Microanal. 3, 47–52.
H.J. Lüdecke, G. Senger, U. Claussen and B. Horsthemke (1989) Cloning defined regions of the human genome by microdissection of banded chromosomes and enzymatic amplification. Nature 338, 348–350.
P.S. Melzer, X.Y. Guan, A. Burgess and J.M. Trent (1992) Rapid generation of region specific probes by chromosome microdissection and their application. Nature Genetics 1, 24–28.
S. Monajembashi, C. Cremer, T. Cremer, J. Wolfrum and K.O. Greulich (1986) Microdissection of chromosomes by a laser microbeam. Exp. Cell Research 167, 262.
S. Monajembashi, C. Hoyer and K.O. Greulich (1997) Laser Microbeams and optical tweezers convert the microscope into a versatile microtool. Microscopy and Analysis, 97.1, 7–9.
K.B. Mullis, F. Ferre and R.A. Gibbs (1994) The Polymerase chain Reaction. Birkhäuser, Boston.
N. Ponelies, E.K.F. Bautz, S. Monajembashi, J. Wolfrum and K.O. Greulich (1989) Telomeric sequences derived from laser-microdissected polytene chromosomes. Chromosoma 98, 351–357.
N. Ponelies, N. Stein and G. Weber (1997) Microamplification of specific chromosome sequences; an improved method for genome analysis. Nucl. Acids. Res. 25, 3555–3557.
S. Thalhammer, R.W. Stark, K. Schütze, J. Wienberg and W.M. Heckl (1997) Laser microdissection of metaphase chromosomes and characterization by atomic force microscopy. J. Biom. Optics 2(1), 115–119.
M. Upadhyaya, M. Osborn, J. Maynard, M. Altherr, J. Ikeda and P.S. Harper (1995) Towards the finer mapping of faciocapulohumoral muscular dystrophy at 4q35: construction of a laser microdissection library. J. Med. Gen. 60, 244–251.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Birkhäuser Verlag
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Greulich, K.O. (1999). DNA as a molecular individuum. In: Micromanipulation by Light in Biology and Medicine. Methods in Bioengineering. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4110-2_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4110-2_6
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8657-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-4110-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive