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Clinical Pathology of Pancreatic Disorders pp 165–212Cite as

Biochemistry, Pathogenesis, and Laboratory Diagnosis of Endocrine Disorders of the Pancreas

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Part of the book series: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ((PLM,volume 2))

Abstract

The endocrine function of the pancreas was first recognized in 1889; in a classic experiment, Von Mering and Minkowski determined the role of the pancreas in the development of diabetes (1). Early in the 20th century, numerous investigators attempted to prepare pancreatic extracts to treat diabetes, but it was almost 35 years later that the successful isolation of insulin was accomplished, and 70 years after that when the structure of insulin was known and insulin was synthesized by Meinhofer et al. in 1963 (2). The endocrine tissue of the pancreas, the islets of Langerhans, accounts for <1% of the total pancreatic mass. The cytochemical differences between the endocrine cells of islets were also observed early in this century (3). This led to the recognition of islets as bihormonal secretory units, which are vital to the hormonal control of plasma glucose primarily by the production and activity of insulin and glucagon.

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  1. Manjula K. Gupta
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  1. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    John A. Lott

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Gupta, M.K. (1997). Biochemistry, Pathogenesis, and Laboratory Diagnosis of Endocrine Disorders of the Pancreas. In: Lott, J.A. (eds) Clinical Pathology of Pancreatic Disorders. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, vol 2. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3964-2_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3964-2_5

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