Abstract
Ethylbenzene, also known as phenyl ethane, ethylbenzol, and EB, is used in the manufacture of styrene and acetophenone, as a solvent, and as a constituent of asphalt and naphtha. Its structure and properties are shown in Table 1.
Ethylbenzene, a clear, flammable liquid found in gasoline, is produced commercially by the alkylation of benzene with ethylene. In 1982, U.S. production of ethylbenzene totaled 3.3 million tons (2.99 million metric tons).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Reference
ACGIH (1980) American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists. Etbenzene. Documentation of the threshold limit values. ACGIH, Cincinnati, OH. 4th Ed, p 176
Amoore JE, Hautala E (1983) Odor as an aid to chemical safety; odor threshold compared with threshold limit values and volatilities for 214 industrial chemicals in air and water dilution. J Appl Toxicol 3:272–290
Angerer J, Lehnert G (1979) Occupational chronic exposure to solvents. VIII. Phenolic compounds: Metabolites of alkylbenzenes in man: Simultaneous exposure to ethylbenzene and xylenesInt Arch Occup Environ Hlth 43:145–150
Bardodej Z, Bardodejova E (1970) Biotransformation of ethylbenzene, styrene and alpha methylstyrene in man. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 31:206–209
Chin BH, McKelvey JA, Tyler TR, Calisti LJ, Kozbelt SJ, Sullivan U (1980) Absorption, distribution and excretion of ethylbenzene, ethylcyclohexane and methylethylbenzene isomers in rats. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 24:477–483
Cummins MDa (1985) Field evaluation of packed column stripping, Pastrap, Louisiana. USEPA Office Drinking Water (ODW), Washington, DC
Dean BJ, Brooks TM, Hodson-Walker G, Hutson DH (1985) Genetic toxicology testing of41 industrial chemicals. Mutat Res 153:57–77
Donner M, Maki-Paakkanen J, Norppa N, Sorsa M, Vaino H (1979) Genetic toxicology ofxylenes. Mutat Res 74:171–172
Dutkiewicz T Tyras H (1967) Study of the skin absorption of ethylbenzene in man. Brit J Ind Med 24:330–332
El Masry AM Smith JN, Williams RT (1956) The metabolism of alkylbenzenes: Propylbenzene and w-butylbenzene with furtherobservations on ethylbenzene. Biochem J 64:50–56
Engstrom J, Bjurstrom R (1978) Exposure to xylene and ethylbenzene. II. Concentration in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Scand J Work Environ Hlth 4:195–203
Engstrom KL (1985) Metabolism of inhaled ethylbenzene in rats. Scand J Work EnvironHlth 10:83–87
Faustov AS (1958) Toxicity of aromatic hydrocarbons. I. Comparative toxicity of some aromatic hydrocarbons. II. Some problems of the toxic hygiene properties of aromatichydrocarbons. Tr Voronezh Gos Med Inst 35:247–255; 257–262.Chem Abstr 54: 25279d)
Florin I, Rutberg L, Curvall M, Enzell CR (1980) Screening of tobacco smoke constituents for mutagenicity using the Ames test. Toxicology 18:219–232
Hagemann J, Angerer J (1979) Biological monitoring in occupational ethylbenzene loading. Kolloq, Ber Jahrestag Dtsch Ges Arbeitsmed, 19th. pp 421–425 (Chem Abstr 94:196880)
Hardin BD, Bond GP, Sikov MR, Andrew FD, Beliles RP, Niemeier RW (1981) Testing of selected workplace chemicals for teratogenic potential. Scand J Work Environ Hlth 7(Supplement 4):66–75
Kiese M, Lenk W (1973) w- and (w-l)-Hydroxylation of 4-chloropropionanilide by rabbits and rabbit liver microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol 22:2565–2574
McCarty PL, Argo D, Reinhard M (1979) Operational experiences with activated carbonadsorbers at Water Factory 21. J Am Waterworks Assoc 11:683–689
Nestmann ER, Lee EG-H, Matula TI, Douglas GR, Mueller JC (1980) Mutagenicity of constituents identified in pulp and paper mill effluents using the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome assay. Mutat Res 79:203–212
Smyth HF, Carpenter CP, Weil CS, Pozzani UC, Stregel JA (1962) Range-finding toxicity data. List VI. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 23:95–107
USEPA0 (1985a) Draft. Drinking water criteria document for ethylbenzene. USEPA Office of Drinking Water (ODW), Washington, DC
USEPA0 (1985b) Method 503.1. Volatile aromatic organic compounds in water by purge and trap gas chromatography. USEPA Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory (EMSL), Cincinnati, OH
USEPA0 (1985c) Method 524.1. Volatile organic compounds in water by purge and trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. USEPA Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory (EMSL), Cincinnati, OH
USEPA0 (1985d) (Draft) Technologies and costs for the removal of synthetic organic chemicals from potable water supplies. USEPA Science and Technology Branch, Criteria and Standards Division (CSD), Office of Drinking Water (ODW), Washington, DC
USEPA (1985e) Proposed RMCL for SOCs, IOCs and microbials. Fed Regis 50(219):46936–47023. November 13
USEPA (1986) Guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment. Fed Regis 51(185):33992–34004. September 24
USEPAa (1987) Ethylbenzene; Occurrence in food, water, and air. USEPA Office of Drinking Water, Washington, DC
Verschueren K (1983) Handbook of environmental data on organic chemicals. 2nd Ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, pp 628–630
Westrick JJa, Mello JW, Thomas RF (1983) The ground watersupply survey: Summary of volatile organic contaminant occurrence data. Treatment and Standards Division, USEPA Office of Drinking Water, Washington, DC
Wolf MA, Rowe VK, McCollister DD, Hollingsworth RL, Oyen F (1956) Toxicological studies of certain alkylated benzenes and benzene. Arch Ind Hlth 14:387–398
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ware, G.W. (1988). Ethylbenzene. In: Ware, G.W. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 106. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3922-2_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3922-2_11
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8402-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3922-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive