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Replication of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

  • Chapter
Molecular Biology of Chromosome Function

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the primary etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is among a group of human retroviruses specific for T4+ lymphocytes [1]. Several independent isolates of HIV* have been obtained from AIDS patients. These have been specified human T cell lymphotropic virus III (HTLV III [2]), lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV [3]), and AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV [4]). Molecular clones of all have been described and show a high level of identity in sequence and products produced [5–7]. The sequence indicates similarities with other retroviruses, including an overall gag-pol-env genome organization for the genes that encode the viral core gag (group antigen) proteins; a pol polyprotein that is processed to produce a protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase; and a group of viral envelope (env) proteins. Other genes unique to HIV are present, some of which are thought to be involved in the regulation of HIV gene expression and activation [7–10].

The nomenclature used in this review is that recommended by Leis et al. (156). The full names are generally used. Retroviral proteins resulting from the gag and gag-pol precursors are referred to as MA, matrix proteins; CA, capsid protein; NC, nucleocapsid protein; PR, protease; RT, reverse transcriptase; IN, integrase. Where necessary, distinctions are made between the p51 and p66 forms of HIV RT

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Abbreviations

HIV:

human immunodeficiency virus

AIDS:

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

LTR:

long terminal repeat

MoMLV:

Moloney murine leukemia virus

MMTV:

murine mammary tumor virus

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Authors
  1. Charles S. McHenry
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Kenneth W. Adolph

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© 1989 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

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McHenry, C.S. (1989). Replication of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. In: Adolph, K.W. (eds) Molecular Biology of Chromosome Function. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3652-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3652-8_5

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