Skip to main content

Bulges of the Skin, Fat, Muscle, and Bone Tissue

  • Chapter
Book cover Aesthetic Surgery of the Eyelids
  • 117 Accesses

Abstract

Bulges in the eyelids, better known as baggy eyelids, can give a look of tiredness and/or aging to the face. They are very common occurrences and can exist at almost any age.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Additional Reading

Skin Bulges

  • Adamson JE, MccrawJB et al: — Use of the muscle flap in lower blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1979; 63: 359.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Backer TJ: Upper blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1981; 8: 635.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christ JE: Cleansing eyelids after blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1985; 75: 444.

    Google Scholar 

  • Converse JM: The Converse technique of the corrective eyelid plastic operation, in Converse JM (ed): Reconstructive Plastic Surgery. Philadelphia WB Saunders Co, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Courtiss EH: Selection of alternatives in esthetic blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1981; 8: 739.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cronin TD: Marginal incision for upper blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1972; 49: 14.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doxanas MT, Serra F et al: Surgical revision of oriental eyelids. Ophthalmic Surg 1985; 16: 657.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flowers RS: Anchor blepharoplasty, in: Transactions of the Sixth International Congress Plastic Surgery. Paris, Masson et Cie, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez-UlloaM, Stevens EF: Senile eyelid esthetic correction. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Eye and Adnexa, Smith B, Converse JM. (eds). St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerra SilvaJ: Aesthetic blepharoplasty, in: Sucena RC: Cirurgia Plastica, São Paulo, Livraria Rocca, vol 2, 1982. (in Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guy CL, Liverett DN: upper and lower blepharoplasty: Standard technique. Clin Plast Surg 1981; 8: 663.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinderer U: The aging palbebral and periorbital region. Transactions of the VII Congress of the International Plastic Reconstr Surg, Rio de Janeiro, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hornblass A: Ptosis and Pseudoptosis and Blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1981; 8: 811.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaye BL: Two helpful technical aids in blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1983; 71: 714.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klastsky SA, Manson PN: Separate skin and muscle flaps in lowerlid blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1981; 67: 151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loeb R: Technical improvement for palpebral rhitidectomy. Rev Latinoam Cir Plast 1961; 5: 93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeb R: Surgical procedure to avoid paralysis of the occipital belly of the occipito-frontalis muscle in rhytidoplasty. Transactions of the Fourth International Congress of Plastic and Rec. Surgery, Rome, 1967, pp. 1116–1119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeb R: Aesthetic blepharoplasties based on the degree of wrinkling. Plast Reconstr Surg 1971; 47: 33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loeb R: La hipertrofia del músculo orbicular y su influencia en el relieve de las bolsas palpebrales. Cirurgia Estética, Argentina 1976; 1: pp. 7–8 (in Spanish).

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeb R: Musculus orbicularis oculy hypertrophy - Different treatments depending on the clinical cases. Abstracts of paper presented during the IX Congress of the ISAPS, New York, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mouly R: Cosmetic surgery of the eyelids. Chirurgie 1983; 109: 248. (in French)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Owsley JQ Jr: Blepharoplasty variations, in Goulian D, Courtis EH (eds): Symposium on Surgery of the Aging Face, vol 19. St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Panneton P: The blepharochalasis. Report of 51 cases in the same family. Arch Ophthalmol 1963; 53: 725. (in French)

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkes M, Fein W et al: — Pinch technique for repair of cosmetic eyelids deformities. Arch Ophthalmol 1973; 89: 324.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rees TD: In panel discussion on the cosmetic eyelid plastic operation. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Eye and Adnexa, Smith B, Converse JM (eds). St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees TD, Tabbal N: Lower blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1981; 8: 643.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rees TD: Prevention of ectropion by horizontal shortenning of the lower lid during blepharoplasty. Ann Plast Surg 1983; 11: 17.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers BO: An electrocauterization technique for cosmetic blepharoplasty, in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, vol II. Gonzales-Ulloa M and Meyer R Piccin, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sayoc BT: Blepharochalasis in upper eyelids, including its classification. Am J Ophthalmol 1957; 43: 970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shagets FW, Shore JW et al: The management of eyelid laxity during lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Arch Otolaryngol 1986; 112: 729.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheen JH: Supratarsal fixation in upper blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1974; 54: 424.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheehan JE: Plastic Surgery of the Orbit. New York, Macmillan, 1927.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shirakabe Y, Kinugasa T et al: The double-eyelid operation in Japan: its elolution as related to cultural changes. Ann Plast Surg 1985; 15: 224.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Skooc T: Plastic Surgery. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Song RY, Song YG et al: Double eyelid operations. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1985; 9: 173.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spira M: Lower blepharoplasty - a clinical study. Plast Reconstr Surg 1977; 59: 35.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stark RB: Blepharoplasty, how I do it. Ann Plast Surg 1978; 1: 58.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stephenson KL: The history of blepharoplasty to correct blepharochalasis. Aesth Plast Surg 1977; 1: 77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor DP, Salyer KE et al: Protecting the eye during surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 1986; 77: 684.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo LS: Blepharoplasty with Fibrin seal. Transactions VIII International Congress of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Canada, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  • Volfley D: Blepharoplasty: The ophthalmologist’s view. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1980; 13: 237.

    Google Scholar 

Fat Bulges

  • Bames H: Baggy eyelids. Plast Reconstr Surg 1958; 22: 264.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barker DE: Dye injection studies of intraorbital fat compartments. Plast Reconstr Surg 1977; 59: 82.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castanares S: Blepharoplasty for herniated intraorbital fat. Anatomic bases for a new approach. Plast Reconstr Surg 1951; 8: 46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castanares S: Baggy eyelids. Physiological considerations and surgical technique. Transactions of the 3rd International Congress of Plastic Surgery. Excerpta Medica Foundation, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castanares S: The lateral fat compartments of the lower eyelid. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1983; 7: 27.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dufourmentel C, Mouly R: Surgical treatment of wrinkles and pouches of the eyelids. Ann Chir Plast 1958; 3: 229. (in French)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez-Ulloa M, Stevens EF: The treatment of pal- pebral bags. Plast Reconstr Surg 1961; 27: 381.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson JB, Hadley RC: The aging face, in Converse JM (ed): Reconstructive Plastic Surgery. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Owsley JQ: Resection of prominent lateral fat pad during upper lid blepharoplasty. Plastic Reconstr Surg 1980; 65: 4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pitanguy I, Lessa S et al: Subconjuntival fat hernia- tion. Rev Bras Cir 1975; 65: 151. (in Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pstllakis JM, Albano A: Surgical treatment of wrinkles and eyelid bulkiness. Rev Asoc Med Bras 1976; 22: 97. (in Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Putterman AM, Urist MJ: Baggy eyelids - a true hernia. Ann Ophthalmol 1973; 5: 1029.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rees TD, Dupuis C: Baggy eyelids in young adults. Plast Reconstr Surg 1969; 43: 381.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reidy JP: Swelling of eyelids. Br J Plast Surg 1960; 13: 256.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sachs ME, Bosniak SL et al: Correction of true periorbital fat herniation in cosmetic lower lid blepharoplasty. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1986; 10: 111.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz F, Randall P: Conjunctival incision for her- niated orbital fat. Ophthalmic Surg 1980; 11: 276.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tessier P: The treatment of baggy eyelids through the conjunctival route in young patients, in: Transactions First International Congress of the International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Rio de Janeiro, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tobin HA: Electrosurgical blepharoplasty: a technique that questions conventional concepts of fat compartmentalization. Ann Plast Surg 1985, 14: 59.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith JW: Blepharoplasty: Technical details. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1987; 2: 95.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Muscular Bulges

  • AstonSJ: Skin-muscle flap lower lid blepharoplasty: an easier dissection. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1982; 6: 217.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baker TJ, Gordon HL et al: Upper lid blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1977; 60: 692.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beare R: Surgical treatment of senile changes in the eyelids. The Mclndoe-Beare technique, in: Smith B, Converse JM (eds): Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Eye and Adnexa. Edited St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Furnas DW: Festoons of orbicularis muscle as a cause of baggy eyelids. Plast Reconstr Surg 1978; 61: 531

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Furnas DW: The Orbicularis Oculi Muscle. Clin Plast Surg 1981; 8: 687.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon G: Observations upon the movements of the eyelid. Br J Ophthalmol 1951; 35: 339.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kennard DW, Glaser GH: An analysis of eyelid movements. J New Ment Dis 1964; 139: 31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loeb R: Orbicularis oculi muscle hipertrophie and its influence in the projection of palpebral pouches. Cir Estét 1976; 1:1. Buenos Aires. (in Spanish)

    Google Scholar 

  • LoebR: Necessity for partial resection of the orbicularis oculi muscle in blepharoplasties in some young patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 1977; 60: 178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SpinaV, Kamakura L et al: Surgical treatment of wrinkles of the lower eyelids associated with herniation of orbital fat: muscular-cutaneous flap technique. J Int Surg 1969; 52: 400.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walsh FB, Hoyt WF: Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, vol 1, ed 3. Baltimore, Williams, Wilkins, Co, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

Bony Bulges

  • Lassus C: Osteotomy of superior orbital rim in cosmetic blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1979; 63: 481.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lentilhac JP: Reduction of the supraorbital ridges. A new cosmetic operation?; Personal publication, Paris. (in French)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees TD: Postoperative considerations and complications, in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1980, p. 536.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Loeb, R. (1989). Bulges of the Skin, Fat, Muscle, and Bone Tissue. In: Aesthetic Surgery of the Eyelids. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3600-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3600-9_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8173-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3600-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics