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Anatomy and Surgical Approaches of the Spine

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Book cover Spinal Fusion

Abstract

In the second week of intrauterine development, the notochord arises from complex migration and invagination of cells within the primitive streak. The ectoderm over the notochord gives rise to the neural plate of the neuroectoderm. This then forms the neural groove and subsequently the neural tube, which dilates cephalad to form the encephalon and caudad to form the spinal cord. The neuroectoderm differentiates into three layers; the central ependymal, an intermediate mantle, and a peripheral marginal layer, which form the ependymal lining of the central cord of the spinal cord, the gray matter, and white matter, respectively. Dura mater or the pachymeninx apparently develops as a condensation from surrounding mesoderm, while the arachnoid and pia mater or leptomeninges probably develop from the ectodermal neural crest cells.

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Authors
  1. Howard B. Cotler
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  2. Michael G. Kaldis
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, 19107, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Jerome M. Cotler M.D. (Professor and Vice Chairman) (Professor and Vice Chairman)

  2. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Howard B. Cotler M.D. (Assistant Professor of Surgery) (Assistant Professor of Surgery)

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© 1990 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

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Cotler, H.B., Kaldis, M.G. (1990). Anatomy and Surgical Approaches of the Spine. In: Cotler, J.M., Cotler, H.B. (eds) Spinal Fusion. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3272-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3272-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7944-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3272-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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